Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Mary Katherine Montgomery, Sharon H. Kim, Athanassios Dovas, Hanzhi T. Zhao, Alexander R. Goldberg, Weihao Xu, Alexis J. Yagielski, Morgan K. Cambareri, Kripa B. Patel, Angeliki Mela, Nelson Humala, David N. Thibodeaux, Mohammed A. Shaik, Ying Ma, Jack Grinband, Daniel S. Chow, Catherine Schevon, Peter Canoll, Elizabeth M.C. Hillman
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Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Hayden J. Selvadurai, Erika Luis, Kinjal Desai, Xiaoyang Lan, Maria C. Vladoiu, Owen Whitley, Ciaran Galvin, Robert J. Vanner, Lilian Lee, Heather Whetstone, Michelle Kushida, Tomasz Nowakowski, Phedias Diamandis, Cynthia Hawkins, Gary Bader, Arnold Kriegstein, Michael D. Taylor, Peter B. Dirks
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Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Sanghoon Lee, Li Zhao, Christine Rojas, Nicholas W. Bateman, Hui Yao, Olivia D. Lara, Joseph Celestino, Margaret B. Morgan, Tri V. Nguyen, Kelly A. Conrads, Kelly M. Rangel, Robert L. Dood, Richard A. Hajek, Gloria L. Fawcett, Randy A. Chu, Katlin Wilson, Jeremy L. Loffredo, Coralie Viollet, Amir A. Jazaeri, Clifton L. Dalgard
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Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Timothy A. Dinh, Ramja Sritharan, F. Donelson Smith, Adam B. Francisco, Rosanna K. Ma, Rodica P. Bunaciu, Matt Kanke, Charles G. Danko, Andrew P. Massa, John D. Scott, Praveen Sethupathy
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Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Matthew D. Martin, Ramakrishna Sompallae, Christina S. Winborn, John T. Harty, Vladimir P. Badovinac
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Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Corbett T. Berry, Xiaohong Liu, Arpita Myles, Satabdi Nandi, Youhai H. Chen, Uri Hershberg, Igor E. Brodsky, Michael P. Cancro, Christopher J. Lengner, Michael J. May, Bruce D. Freedman
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Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Chan Jin Park, Po-Ching Lin, Sherry Zhou, Radwa Barakat, Shah Tauseef Bashir, Jeong Moon Choi, Joseph A. Cacioppo, Oliver R. Oakley, Diane M. Duffy, John P. Lydon, CheMyong J. Ko
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Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Anna Heinrich, Sarah J. Potter, Li Guo, Nancy Ratner, Tony DeFalco
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Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Charles A.S. Banks, Ying Zhang, Sayem Miah, Yan Hao, Mark K. Adams, Zhihui Wen, Janet L. Thornton, Laurence Florens, Michael P. Washburn
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Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Pedro Campinho, Paola Lamperti, Francesco Boselli, Andrej Vilfan, Julien Vermot
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Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Vojtěch Škop, Juen Guo, Naili Liu, Cuiying Xiao, Kevin D. Hall, Oksana Gavrilova, Marc L. Reitman
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Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Arun Kumar, Genevieve M. Tauxe, Sarah Perry, Christi Ann Scott, Anupama Dahanukar, Anandasankar Ray
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Publication date: 14 April 2020Source: Cell Reports, Volume 31, Issue 2Author(s): Lamin B. Cham, Laughing Bear Torrez Dulgeroff, Michal Caspi Tal, Tom Adomati, Fanghui Li, Hilal Bhat, Anfei Huang, Philipp A. Lang, Mary E. Moreno, Jose M. Rivera, Sofiya A. Galkina, Galina Kosikova, Cheryl A. Stoddart, Joseph M. McCune, Lara M. Myers, Irving L. Weissman, Karl S. Lang, Kim J. Hasenkrug
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Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, accounting for 10% of the global cancer burden. Rectal cancer accounts for around 30% of CRC cases, and patients with resectable rectal cancer are often given preoperative radiotherapy (PRT) to reduce the rate of local recurrence. The human plasma proteome is an exceptionally complex proteome and ideal to study due to its ability to reflect the presence of diseases such as cancer and the ease of obtaining blood samples....
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Background Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important marker for targeted therapy in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The samples obtained with minimally invasive biopsy techniques are usually small, and this limits their application in tissue subtyping or molecular profiling. The supernatants obtained after centrifugation of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) samples are typically discarded. However, these fractions might contain cell‐free DNA that could be tested...
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ObjectiveTo evaluate how clinically measured glucose metabolism categories predict registered participation in working life. MethodsIn the 46-year follow-up of Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (n=5328, 2342 men and 2986 women), we used oral glucose tolerance tests, surveys and glycated haemoglobin to determine glucose metabolism categorised as normal, pre-diabetes, screen-detected and previous type 2 diabetes (T2D). Consequent participation in working life during the 2-year follow-up period was...
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Aircrew studies have the potential to inform on cancer risks from several occupational exposures: cosmic radiation, electromagnetic frequency radiation (in studies of cockpit crew), and circadian disruption due to night work and rapid transmeridian travel. Six years ago, a commentary1 in this journal queried whether there is more yet to learn about cancer from studies of aircrew cohorts and outlined some possible avenues for research, including the assembly of large cohorts from individual employers,...
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We thank Dr Barabesi and Dr Sartorelli1 for their interest in our article ‘Bronchoalveolar cell differential count and the number of asbestos bodies correlate with survival in patients with asbestosis’, which was published in 2019 in Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2 They have claimed that the use of Cox regression analysis may lead to biased results. In the letter they have referred to an article from McGregor et al3 (published online ahead of print on 25 July 2019) which showed an example...
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Cohort study of occupational cosmic radiation dose and cancer mortality in German aircrew, 1960-2014
ObjectivesTo determine cancer mortality compared with the general population and to examine dose-response relationships between cumulative occupational radiation dose and specific cancer outcomes in the German aircrew cohort. MethodsFor a cohort of 26 846 aircrew personnel, standardised mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated. Dose-response analyses were carried out using Poisson regression to assess dose-related cancer risks for the period 1960–2014. Exposure assessment comprises recently available...
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ObjectiveTo estimate the incidence of, trends in and effect of change in reporting rules on occupational diseases (ODs) in the Italian agricultural sector. MethodsOver a 14-year period (2004–2017), ODs among Italian agricultural workers were diagnosed by physicians and reported to the National Institute for Insurance against Workplace Accidents and Occupational Diseases. OD was defined as a disease with a specific clinical diagnosis (International Classification of Diseases) and was predominantly...
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ObjectiveTo investigate the association between occupational exposure to welding and the risk of head and neck cancer in a large French population-based case-control study, the Investigation of occupational and environmental CAuses of REspiratory cancers study. MethodsAnalyses were restricted to men (2703 controls and 1588 cases of squamous-cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx). Welding activity and potential confounders were assessed by detailed questionnaires....
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Since the first cluster of cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection was reported in Wuhan, China at the end of December 2019, reporting of cases has spread widely over the past 3 months to become a pandemic of crisis proportions and a rapidly increasing number of deaths, affecting virtually every country across the world. As of 30 March 2020, 724 000 cases have been reported globally, with almost 35 000 deaths. These numbers are accelerating, with a doubling about every 3–4 days. The...
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ObjectivesTo explore the association of sickness absence ascribed to pain at specific anatomical sites with wider propensity to musculoskeletal pain. MethodsAs part of the CUPID (Cultural and Psychosocial Influences on Disability) study, potential risk factors for sickness absence from musculoskeletal pain were determined for 11 922 participants from 45 occupational groups in 18 countries. After approximately 14 months, 9119 (78%) provided follow-up information about sickness in the past month...
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ObjectivesIn a 24/7 society, the negative metabolic effects of rotating night shift work have been increasingly explored. This study aimed to examine the association between rotating night shift work and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in steelworkers. MethodsA total of 6881 subjects was included in this study. Different exposure metrics of night shift work including current shift status, duration of night shifts (years), cumulative number of night shifts (nights), cumulative length of...
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ObjectivesThere is a paucity of longitudinal population-based studies examining whether changes in work factors are associated with concurrent changes in leisure time physical activity (LTPA). This study examines this issue using 12 years of longitudinal survey data. MethodsData were drawn from the Canadian National Population Health Survey. The initial analytical sample in 1994 of 6407 working individuals was followed every 2 years from 2000 to 2010. Seven work factors were measured as independent...
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ObjectivesIn the US, chronic bronchitis (CB) is common and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Data on CB in the Hispanic/Latino population—a large, diverse US minority—are scarce. We aimed to test whether the prevalence of CB varies across Hispanic/Latino heritages and to identify CB risk factors, including occupational exposures, in this population. MethodsWe analysed data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, a US population-based probability sample of...
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ObjectivesTo examine associations between occupational exposures to rubber dust, rubber fumes and N-nitrosamines and non-cancer mortality. MethodsA cohort of 36 441 males aged 35+ years employed in British rubber factories was followed-up to 2015 (94% deceased). Competing risk survival analysis was used to assess risks of dying from non-cancer diseases (respiratory, urinary, cerebrovascular, circulatory and digestive diseases). Occupational exposures to rubber dust, rubber fumes, N-nitrosamines...
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Recently, Keskitalo et al presented a study focused on the association of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell differential counts (CDCs) with the smoking habits and the number of asbestos bodies (ABs) in a population of patients with asbestosis.1 They also dealt with the dependence between the survival time of the patients and the BALF CDCs, as well as the number of ABs. However, we have serious concerns about the correctness of the statistical analysis used in the study. It is crucial to observe...
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Writing and publishing in these fast-moving times necessitates continuous vigilance against perverse consequences. For this reason, the British Society of Gastroenterology-Joint Advisory Group (BSG-JAG) documents circulated as best consensus guidance for UK Endoscopy,1–3 dating from 20th March 2020, have been subject to repeat scrutiny over the last 13 days. The latest iterations of these documents are available at https://www.bsg.org.uk/covid-19-advice.Newton’s Third Law states that for every action...
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Summary Background Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) results in reduction of bone mineral density (BMD) and an increased risk of pathological fractures. Curative surgery does improve BMD, however, the magnitude of rise and predictive factors are highly variable amongst the hitherto available studies. Objectives To quantify the magnitude of improvement in BMD after curative surgery in patients with symptomatic PHPT and dissect out the possible clinical and biochemical parameters...
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Abstract Objective To evaluate the effects of continuous (CA) and intermittent (IA) aerobic training on hormonal and metabolic parameters and body composition of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Design Prospective, interventional, randomized study. Methods RCT (Randomized Controlled Training) with sample allocation and stratification into three groups: CAT (n = 28) and IAT (n = 29) training and no training [control (CG), n = 30]. Before and after 16 weeks of...
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Abstract Context Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent disorder associated with insulin resistance (IR) and compensatory hyperinsulinemia. Although variations in cardiometabolic risks across race and ethnicities have been reported in the general population, racial/ethnic disparities in the metabolic dysfunction of PCOS remain relatively unstudied. Objectives To determine whether markers of metabolic function differ in nondiabetic Asian‐American (AS), African American...
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Abstract Objective Methylation of the tumor suppressor gene leading to gene silencing plays an important role in thyroid tumor development. The purpose was to determine the methylation status of Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and Death‐associated protein kinase (DAPK) in patients with thyroid nodules and to explore whether they can be used as molecular diagnostic tools to differentiate benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Design, Patients and Measurements Thyroid tissue and...
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Summary Context 21‐hydroxylase deficiency is the most common cause of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. It presents as severe or classical forms ‐salt wasting and simple virilizing‐ and a mild or nonclassical (NC). Several studies have reported the frequency of pathogenic variants in different populations, although few of them included a large number of NC patients. Objective To analyze the CYP21A2 gene defects in a large cohort of Argentine patients. Design Molecular characterization...
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Abstract Objectives During human pregnancy, the endothelial cells of the uterine spiral arteries (SPA) are extensively replaced by a subtype of placental trophoblasts, endovascular extravillous trophoblasts (enEVTs), thus establishing a placental‐maternal circulation. On this pathway, foetus‐derived placental villi and enEVTs bath into the maternal blood that perfuses along SPA being not attacked by the maternal lymphocytes. We aimed to reveal the underlying mechanism of such immune tolerance....
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Introduction: Although both glucose and fructose are hexoses, their catabolism is quite different: the catabolism of fructose is initiated by ketohexokinase and is not regulated by negative feedback, which results in oxidative stress. Objective: We hypothesized that fructose impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation via oxidative stress in rat aortic rings. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were offered 20% fructose solution or tap water for 2 weeks, after which vascular reactivity was measured in isolated...
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Presurgical propranolol modulates biomarkers associated with breast cancer progression. β-adrenergic signaling promotes invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition phenotype, and immune cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment. Blockade of the β-adrenergic receptor signaling with propranolol, along with potential future combinatorial strategies, holds promise for reducing breast cancer progression and metastasis. See related article by Hiller et al., p. 1803
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