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Τετάρτη 31 Ιουλίου 2019


Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 701: Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Reveal Presence of a Novel Ungulate Bocaparvovirus in Alpacas
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 701: Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Reveal Presence of a Novel Ungulate Bocaparvovirus in Alpacas Viruses doi: 10.3390/v11080701 Authors: Kumar Chaudhary Lu Duff Heffel McKinney Bedenice Marthaler Viruses belonging to the genus Bocaparvovirus (BoV) are a genetically diverse group of DNA viruses known to cause respiratory, enteric, and neurological diseases in animals, including humans. An intestinal sample from an alpaca (Vicugna...
Viruses
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 702: Antibody Response to Feline Calicivirus Vaccination in Healthy Adult Cats
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 702: Antibody Response to Feline Calicivirus Vaccination in Healthy Adult Cats Viruses doi: 10.3390/v11080702 Authors: Bergmann Speck Rieger Truyen Hartmann This study evaluated the prevalence of feline calicivirus (FCV) antibodies and response to vaccination in healthy adult cats. Cats >1 year (n = 111) that had not been vaccinated within 12 months of enrollment in the study received a vaccine containing inactivated FCV antigen strains...
Viruses
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 700: Exposure to Hantavirus is a Risk Factor Associated with Kidney Diseases in Sri Lanka: A Cross Sectional Study
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 700: Exposure to Hantavirus is a Risk Factor Associated with Kidney Diseases in Sri Lanka: A Cross Sectional Study Viruses doi: 10.3390/v11080700 Authors: Sarathkumara Gamage Lokupathirage Muthusinghe Nanayakkara Gunarathne Shimizu Tsuda Arikawa Yoshimatsu Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) imposes a substantial burden on public health in Sri Lankan agricultural communities. High seroprevalences of hantavirus...
Viruses
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 699: Rapid Detection of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV) Nucleic Acid Using a Novel Low-Cost Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP) Assay for Future Use in Nascent PPR Eradication Programme
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 699: Rapid Detection of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV) Nucleic Acid Using a Novel Low-Cost Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP) Assay for Future Use in Nascent PPR Eradication Programme Viruses doi: 10.3390/v11080699 Authors: Mahapatra Howson Fowler Batten Flannery Selvaraj Parida Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a disease of small ruminants caused by peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV),...
Viruses
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 698: A Review of Hantavirus Research in Indonesia: Prevalence in Humans and Rodents, and the Discovery of Serang Virus
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 698: A Review of Hantavirus Research in Indonesia: Prevalence in Humans and Rodents, and the Discovery of Serang Virus Viruses doi: 10.3390/v11080698 Authors: Lukman Kosasih Ibrahim Pradana Neal Karyana Dengue and other common tropical infectious diseases of similar clinical presentation are endemic in Indonesia, which may lead to an underestimation of the prevalence of hantavirus (HTV) infection in the country. To better understand the current...
Viruses
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 697: Decreased Sensitivity of the Serological Detection of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Potentially Due to Imported Genetic Variants
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 697: Decreased Sensitivity of the Serological Detection of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Potentially Due to Imported Genetic Variants Viruses doi: 10.3390/v11080697 Authors: Julia Frankenfeld Theres Meili Marina L. Meli Barbara Riond A. Katrin Helfer-Hungerbuehler Eva Bönzli Benita Pineroli Regina Hofmann-Lehmann Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a lentivirus of domestic cats worldwide. Diagnosis usually relies on antibody screening...
Viruses
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 696: Discovery of Four Novel Viruses Associated with Flower Yellowing Disease of Green Sichuan Pepper (Zanthoxylum Armatum) by Virome Analysis
Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 696: Discovery of Four Novel Viruses Associated with Flower Yellowing Disease of Green Sichuan Pepper (Zanthoxylum Armatum) by Virome Analysis Viruses doi: 10.3390/v11080696 Authors: Mengji Cao Song Zhang Min Li Yingjie Liu Peng Dong Shanrong Li Mi Kuang Ruhui Li Yan Zhou An emerging virus-like flower yellowing disease (FYD) of green Sichuan pepper (Zanthoxylum armatum v. novemfolius) has been recently reported. Four new RNA viruses were...
Viruses
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Vaccines, Vol. 7, Pages 77: Nanobodies that Neutralize HIV
Vaccines, Vol. 7, Pages 77: Nanobodies that Neutralize HIV Vaccines doi: 10.3390/vaccines7030077 Authors: Weiss Verrips Nanobodies or VHH (variable domains of heavy-chain only antibodies) are derived from camelid species such as llamas and camels. Nanobodies isolated and selected through phage display can neutralize a broad range of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains. Nanobodies fit into canyons on the HIV envelope that may not be accessible to IgG (immunoglobulin...
Vaccines
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00

Antibiotic and Pesticides Residues in Breast Milk


Toxics, Vol. 7, Pages 39: Assessment of Antibiotic and Pesticides Residues in Breast Milk of Syrian Refugee Lactating Mothers

Nadia Smadi 1,†, Adla Jammoul 2,† and Nada El Darra 1,*
1
Faculty of Heath Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Tarik El Jedidah–Beirut, P.O.Box: 115020, Riad EL Solh, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon
2
Food Department, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar P.O. Box 2611, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

These authors contributed equally.
Toxics 2019, 7(3), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics7030039 (registering DOI)
Received: 24 June 2019 / Revised: 19 July 2019 / Accepted: 24 July 2019 / Published: 31 July 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis of Chemical Contaminants in Food)
 PDF [520 KB, uploaded 31 July 2019]
Abstract
Occupational exposures and current diet are both sources of environmental contaminants that can be transferred in the mother’s body. These chemicals can definitely penetrate to the developing foetus and the nursing infant from contaminated breast milk during the lactation period. Nowadays, one of the special interests is the exposure of new-borns to toxic chemicals such as pesticides and antibiotics reported in human milk due to their potential harms, especially developmental deficits in early childhood. The aim of our current study was to assess the occurrence of pesticide residues and antibiotic residues contamination in breast milk collected from Syrian refugee lactating mothers residing in North Lebanon Camps. A total of 120 breast milk samples (40 in triplicate) were collected from camps in Akkar, North Lebanon using an electrical pump. A survey was administrated to determine socio-demographic characteristics, dietary and smoking habits and medical history of participating lactating mothers. The milk samples were analysed for the presence of antibiotic residues and pesticide residues using liquid and gas chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) and Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). This study reported the absence of antibiotic residues in 96.66% of our samples (n = 120) and the presence of pesticides residues in only 5% of our total breast milk sample. Our results considered the breast milk collected from Syrian refugee lactating mothers as safe from chemical contamination. It is worth conducting more studies on other Syrian refugee camps to test the effect of camp living conditions on breast milk safety.
Keywords: breast milk; antibiotic residues; pesticide residues; LC-MS/MS; GC-MS/MS the developing foetus and the nursing infant from contaminated breast milk during the lactation period....
Toxics
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Toxics, Vol. 7, Pages 38: Roundup®, but Not Roundup-Ready® Corn, Increases Mortality of Drosophila melanogaster
Toxics, Vol. 7, Pages 38: Roundup®, but Not Roundup-Ready® Corn, Increases Mortality of Drosophila melanogaster Toxics doi: 10.3390/toxics7030038 Authors: Becky Talyn Rachael Lemon Maryam Badoella Darwin Melchiorre Maryori Villalobos Raquel Elias Kelly Muller Maggie Santos Erik Melchiorre Genetically modified foods have become pervasive in diets of people living in the US. By far the most common genetically modified foods either tolerate herbicide application...
Toxics
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00




Nadia Smadi 1,†, Adla Jammoul 2,† and Nada El Darra 1,*
1
Faculty of Heath Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Tarik El Jedidah–Beirut, P.O.Box: 115020, Riad EL Solh, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon
2
Food Department, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar P.O. Box 2611, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

These authors contributed equally.
Toxics 2019, 7(3), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics7030039 (registering DOI)
Received: 24 June 2019 / Revised: 19 July 2019 / Accepted: 24 July 2019 / Published: 31 July 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis of Chemical Contaminants in Food)
 PDF [520 KB, uploaded 31 July 2019]
Abstract
Occupational exposures and current diet are both sources of environmental contaminants that can be transferred in the mother’s body. These chemicals can definitely penetrate to the developing foetus and the nursing infant from contaminated breast milk during the lactation period. Nowadays, one of the special interests is the exposure of new-borns to toxic chemicals such as pesticides and antibiotics reported in human milk due to their potential harms, especially developmental deficits in early childhood. The aim of our current study was to assess the occurrence of pesticide residues and antibiotic residues contamination in breast milk collected from Syrian refugee lactating mothers residing in North Lebanon Camps. A total of 120 breast milk samples (40 in triplicate) were collected from camps in Akkar, North Lebanon using an electrical pump. A survey was administrated to determine socio-demographic characteristics, dietary and smoking habits and medical history of participating lactating mothers. The milk samples were analysed for the presence of antibiotic residues and pesticide residues using liquid and gas chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) and Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). This study reported the absence of antibiotic residues in 96.66% of our samples (n = 120) and the presence of pesticides residues in only 5% of our total breast milk sample. Our results considered the breast milk collected from Syrian refugee lactating mothers as safe from chemical contamination. It is worth conducting more studies on other Syrian refugee camps to test the effect of camp living conditions on breast milk safety.

Keywords: breast milk; antibiotic residues; pesticide residues; LC-MS/MS; GC-MS/MS

Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 449: Marine Toxins and Nociception: Potential Therapeutic Use in the Treatment of Visceral Pain Associated with Gastrointestinal Disorders
Authors: Andreina Baj Michela Bistoletti Annalisa Bosi Elisabetta Moro Cristina Giaroni Francesca Crema
Visceral pain, of which the pathogenic basis is currently largely unknown, is a hallmark symptom of both functional disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease. Intrinsic sensory neurons in the enteric nervous system and afferent sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia, connecting with the central nervous system, represent the primary neuronal pathways transducing gut visceral pain. Current pharmacological therapies have several limitations, owing to their partial efficacy and the generation of severe adverse effects. Numerous cellular targets of visceral nociception have been recognized, including, among others, channels (i.e., voltage-gated sodium channels, VGSCs, voltage-gated calcium channels, VGCCs, Transient Receptor Potential, TRP, and Acid-sensing ion channels, ASICs) and neurotransmitter pathways (i.e., GABAergic pathways), which represent attractive targets for the discovery of novel drugs. Natural biologically active compounds, such as marine toxins, able to bind with high affinity and selectivity to different visceral pain molecular mediators, may represent a useful tool (1) to improve our knowledge of the physiological and pathological relevance of each nociceptive target, and (2) to discover therapeutically valuable molecules. In this review we report the most recent literature describing the effects of marine toxin on gastrointestinal visceral pain pathways and the possible clinical implications in the treatment of chronic pain associated with gut diseases.
Social Sciences, Vol. 8, Pages 229: The Street-Wise University: The Amsterdam Knowledge Mile as an Intermediary and Place-Making Concept
Social Sciences, Vol. 8, Pages 229: The Street-Wise University: The Amsterdam Knowledge Mile as an Intermediary and Place-Making Concept Social Sciences doi: 10.3390/socsci8080229 Authors: van Winden Hagemans van Hemert Universities have become more engaged or entrepreneurial, forging deeper relations with society beyond the economic sphere. To foster, structure, and institutionalize a broader spectrum of engagement, new types of intermediary organizations are created, going...
Social Sciences
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Psych, Vol. 1, Pages 429-430: Expression of Concern: Lynn, R. Reflections on Sixty-Eight Years of Research on Race and Intelligence. Psych, 2019, 1, 123–131
Psych, Vol. 1, Pages 429-430: Expression of Concern: Lynn, R. Reflections on Sixty-Eight Years of Research on Race and Intelligence. Psych, 2019, 1, 123–131 Psych doi: 10.3390/psych1010033 Authors: Psych Editorial Office The Editorial Office of Psych issues the following Expression of Concern about the published paper: Reflections on Sixty-Eight Years of Research on Race and Intelligence [...]
Psych
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00

Microorganisms, Vol. 7, Pages 230: Contrast of Real-Time Fluorescent PCR Methods for Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and of Introducing an Internal Amplification Control
Microorganisms, Vol. 7, Pages 230: Contrast of Real-Time Fluorescent PCR Methods for Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and of Introducing an Internal Amplification Control Microorganisms doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7080230 Authors: Zhao Xia Liu Various constituents in food specimens can inhibit the PCR assay and lead to false-negative results. An internal amplification control was employed to monitor the presence of false-negative results in PCR amplification. In this study,...
Microorganisms
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Microorganisms, Vol. 7, Pages 231: Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens: The Role of Tight Junctions and Mucosal Immune Responses in Alleviating the Effect of the Disease
Microorganisms, Vol. 7, Pages 231: Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens: The Role of Tight Junctions and Mucosal Immune Responses in Alleviating the Effect of the Disease Microorganisms doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7080231 Authors: Emami Calik White Young Dalloul Necrotic enteritis (NE) continues to present major challenges to the poultry industry, and the etiologic agent Clostridium perfringens is the fourth leading cause of bacterially-induced food- borne...
Microorganisms
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Microorganisms, Vol. 7, Pages 226: Peptide-Based Subunit Vaccine Design of T- and B-Cells Multi-Epitopes against Zika Virus Using Immunoinformatics Approaches
Microorganisms, Vol. 7, Pages 226: Peptide-Based Subunit Vaccine Design of T- and B-Cells Multi-Epitopes against Zika Virus Using Immunoinformatics Approaches Microorganisms doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7080226 Authors: Vivitri Dewi Prasasty Karel Grazzolie Rosmalena Rosmalena Fatmawaty Yazid Fransiskus Xaverius Ivan Ernawati Sinaga The Zika virus disease, also known as Zika fever is an arboviral disease that became epidemic in the Pacific Islands and had spread to 18 territories...
Microorganisms
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Microorganisms, Vol. 7, Pages 228: Gut Dysbiosis and the Intestinal Microbiome: Streptococcus thermophilus a Key Probiotic for Reducing Uremia
Microorganisms, Vol. 7, Pages 228: Gut Dysbiosis and the Intestinal Microbiome: Streptococcus thermophilus a Key Probiotic for Reducing Uremia Microorganisms doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7080228 Authors: Luis Vitetta Hannah Llewellyn Debbie Oldfield In the intestines, probiotics can produce antagonistic effects such as antibiotic–like compounds, bactericidal proteins such as bacteriocins, and encourage the production of metabolic end products that may assist in preventing...
Microorganisms
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Microorganisms, Vol. 7, Pages 227: The Finnish New Variant of Chlamydia trachomatis with a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the 23S rRNA Target Escapes Detection by the Aptima Combo 2 Test
Microorganisms, Vol. 7, Pages 227: The Finnish New Variant of Chlamydia trachomatis with a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the 23S rRNA Target Escapes Detection by the Aptima Combo 2 Test Microorganisms doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7080227 Authors: Kati Hokynar Kaisu Rantakokko-Jalava Antti Hakanen Marika Havana Laura Mannonen Pia Jokela Satu Kurkela Maija Lappalainen Magnus Unemo Mirja Puolakkainen In 2019, more than 200 cases of Chlamydia trachomatis negative/equivocal...
Microorganisms
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00
Microorganisms, Vol. 7, Pages 229: Organic Wastes as Feedstocks for Non-Conventional Yeast-Based Bioprocesses
Microorganisms, Vol. 7, Pages 229: Organic Wastes as Feedstocks for Non-Conventional Yeast-Based Bioprocesses Microorganisms doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7080229 Authors: Diem T. Hoang Do Chrispian W. Theron Patrick Fickers Non-conventional yeasts are efficient cell factories for the synthesis of value-added compounds such as recombinant proteins, intracellular metabolites, and/or metabolic by-products. Most bioprocess, however, are still designed to use pure, ideal sugars, especially...
Microorganisms
Wed Jul 31, 2019 03:00

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