- Early Acid Suppression Therapy Exposure and Fracture in Young ChildrenPPI use in infancy, alone or with H2RAs, is associated with fracture after 1 year of age.
- Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Effectiveness Over TimeCompared with children fully DTaP vaccinated, unvaccinated and undervaccinated children were at a greater risk of pertussis. However, most pertussis cases occurred among age-appropriately vaccinated children.
- Incidence of Herpes Zoster Among Children: 2003–2014Using data from 6 health care organizations, we examined herpes zoster (HZ) incidence among children in the varicella vaccine era (2003–2014).
- Implementing Evidence-Based Strategies to Improve HPV Vaccine DeliveryThe experience of a large, not-for-profit health care system suggests that local adaptation may be effective in engaging physicians in HPV vaccine–related QI efforts.
- Mental Health Problems and Initiation of E-cigarette and Combustible Cigarette UseData from a nationally representative sample of youth were used to explore associations between mental health problems and initiation of e-cigarette and combustible cigarette use.
- A Prediction Model to Identify Febrile Infants ≤60 Days at Low Risk of Invasive Bacterial InfectionIn this multicenter case-control study, we derive and internally validate a highly sensitive score that identifies non–ill-appearing febrile infants at low probability of bacteremia and/or bacterial meningitis.
- Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Bacteremic Pneumonia in ChildrenUsing systematic, prospective blood culture collection in children admitted with CAP, this study identifies risk factors and characterizes outcomes associated with bacteremia.
- Infant Deaths in Sitting DevicesThis study uses a nationwide data set to compare risk factors for sleep-related infant deaths occurring in sitting devices and in nonsitting devices.
- Safety Interventions and Liquid Laundry Detergent Packet ExposuresLiquid laundry detergent packet exposures among children <6 years of age have decreased modestly since 2015, whereas exposures among older children and adults have continued to increase.
- Hydroxyurea Use for Sickle Cell Disease Among Medicaid-Enrolled ChildrenThis population-based study of children with SCD assesses trends in hydroxyurea use and associated changes in ED visits and hospitalizations.
- Patterns of Electrolyte Testing at Children’s Hospitals for Common Inpatient DiagnosesA retrospective cohort study revealed wide variation in electrolyte testing rates across hospitals, with strong hospital-level correlation across diagnoses.
- Cervical Spine Injury Risk Factors in Children With Blunt TraumaIn this multicenter, prospective observational study of 4091 children who experienced blunt trauma, we identified 14 risk factors for CSI.
- Palivizumab and Long-term Outcomes in Cystic FibrosisIn this study, we explore palivizumab’s potential benefits related to longer-term outcomes (lung function at age 7, first acquisition of Pseudomonas, and hospitalizations) in children with CF.
- A 2017 US Reference for Singleton Birth Weight Percentiles Using Obstetric Estimates of GestationThis study provides an updated birth weight reference by using a more reliable GA estimate and reflects the current sociodemographic composition of the United States.
- A Simpler Prediction Rule for Rebound HyperbilirubinemiaWe turned our previous 3-variable clinical prediction rule for rebound hyperbilirubinemia into a simpler 2-variable rule with similarly excellent discrimination.
- Physical Activity and Trajectories of Cardiovascular Health Indicators During Early ChildhoodThis prospective cohort study examines the longitudinal effects of physical activity on cardiovascular fitness, arterial stiffness, and blood pressure over 3 years during early childhood.
- Mental Illness Among Youth With Chronic Physical ConditionsThis nationally representative cohort study examines the risk of mental health diagnosis among youth with CPCs and explores the mediating role of activity limitations.
- Adolescent Connectedness and Adult Health OutcomesUsing the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we document long-term protective associations between family and school connectedness and multiple health outcomes.
- Factors Associated With Management of Pediatric Ovarian NeoplasmsThrough retrospective review of >800 patients, we describe the current approach to ovarian masses, both benign and malignant, in the pediatric patient.
- Neurologic Outcome After Prematurity: Perspectives of Parents and CliniciansThis qualitative descriptive study illustrates that parents and clinicians discuss and weigh prognostic information differently from each other as they consider choices for premature infants.
- Social Robots for Hospitalized ChildrenSRs offer unique opportunities to extend emotionally responsive care among limited human resources. We explore feasibility and acceptability of integrating SR technology into pediatric health care.
- Defining Global Health Tracks for Pediatric ResidenciesWe present a consensus definition, minimal educational offerings and institutional supports, and evaluation methods for a GH track in pediatric residency using Delphi methodology.
- Characteristics and Workload of Pediatricians in ChinaThrough a national survey, we found that uneven development of the pediatric care system is the major challenge facing China’s pediatric health care system.
Commentaries
From the American Academy of Pediatrics
Pediatrics Perspectives
Monthly Feature
- The Right Stuff: Priming Students to Focus on Pertinent Information During Clinical EncountersIn this article, we offer a framework for coaching students to understand clinical relevance and increase efficiency in patient care.
Review Articles
- Neurodevelopmental and Academic Outcomes in Children With Orofacial Clefts: A Systematic ReviewIn this systematic review, we examine the findings that children with OFCs have worse neurodevelopmental and academic outcomes compared with unaffected peers, examining trends by age.
- Omega-3 Long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Meta-analysisWith this meta-analysis, we provide a new perspective on the association between N-3 LCPUFA intervention and incidence of BPD in preterm infants.
State-of-the-Art Review Article
- Continuous Noninvasive Carbon Dioxide Monitoring in Neonates: From Theory to Standard of CareWe review the different noninvasive CO2 monitoring alternatives, their advantages and disadvantages, and the available data supporting their use as a standard of care in NICUs.
Special Articles
- Spread of Measles in Europe and Implications for US TravelersThe record number of measles cases in the WHO European Region puts both international travelers and nontraveling US residents at risk for measles.
- Firearm Injuries and Children: Position Statement of the American Pediatric Surgical AssociationThe increase in firearm injuries affects all pediatric care providers. The APSA recommends improved trauma care, research, prevention, and policy to address this public health problem.
Ethics Rounds
- Allowing Adolescents to Weigh Benefits and Burdens of High-stakes TherapiesIn this case study, we discuss the ethical considerations when there is discordance between an adolescent close to attaining age of majority and the parent currently responsible for medical decision-making in a high-risk medical setting.
Quality Reports
- Five-Year Outcomes of Behavioral Health Integration in Pediatric Primary CareIn this study, we describe the 5-year outcomes of BH integration in a large pediatric primary care network in patient experience, cost, and provider satisfaction domains.
- Addressing Disparities in Mother’s Milk for VLBW Infants Through Statewide Quality ImprovementWe report findings from a 3-year Massachusetts statewide QI collaborative that aimed to improve mother’s milk provision and reduce racial and ethnic disparities.
Diagnostic Dilemmas
- Hypotonia and Lethargy in a Two-Day-Old Male InfantThe case of a 2-day-old term male infant found in the newborn nursery to be hypotonic and minimally reactive is discussed.
Case Reports
- Suspicion and Persistence: A Case of Pediatric Brugada SyndromeThis case study highlights the difficulty in diagnosing Brugada syndrome in a young patient with a normal electrocardiogram result at baseline.
- Sacral Myeloradiculitis: An Uncommon Complication of Genital Herpes InfectionAn 18-year-old man with genital HSV infection presents with constipation, urinary retention, paresthesias, and MRI findings of sacral myeloradiculitis.
- Inflammatory Arthritis as a Possible Feature of Coffin-Siris SyndromeCase report of a young boy with true inflammatory arthritis and diagnosis of CSS. Inflammatory arthritis may be under-recognized in chromatin remodeling–associated genetic syndromes.
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