Abstract Background As the population of obese and severely obese young adults grows, it is becoming increasingly important to recognize the long‐term risks associated with adolescent obesity. Objectives This study aimed to determine the association between body mass index (BMI) in young men at enlistment for military service and later risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods Nationwide register‐based prospective cohort study of men enlisting 1969 to 2005, followed...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 22:46
Abstract Background Cytological analysis is part of the initial etiological evaluation of serous effusions. The newly proposed International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology (ISRSFC) aims to standardize reporting. Methods All pleural and peritoneal effusion samples admitted for cytological analysis at our institution between 2012 and 2016, and pericardial effusion samples admitted between 2008 and 2018, were reviewed and reclassified according to the ISRSFC. Risk of...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 17:09
ABSTRACT Background COVID‐19 pandemic has led to a global shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE). This study aims to stratify face shield needs when performing head and neck cancer surgery. Methods Fifteen patients underwent surgery between 01 March 2020 and 09 April 2020. Operative diagnosis and procedure; droplet count and distribution on face shields were documented. Results Forty‐five surgical procedures were performed for neck nodal metastatic carcinoma of...
Tue Apr 28, 2020 22:44
Abstract Background The aim of this study was to integrate the available data published on radiation‐induced sarcoma of the oral cavity into an analysis of its clinical features, treatment modalities and prognostic factors. Methods An electronic search was undertaken in September 2019. The eligibility criteria included publications that had enough clinical and histological information to confirm the diagnosis. Results Forty‐two publications with 122 radiation‐induced sarcoma...
Tue Apr 28, 2020 16:12
Abstract The COVID‐19 epidemic has resulted in many hospitals and practices to cancel in‐person outpatient clinic visits, where head and neck patients receive their critical longitudinal care. Out of necessity, most practices have been encouraged to use telemedicine as a method to maintain a continuum of care with their patients. As a result, the prevalence of telemedicine has grown rapidly during this pandemic, without allowing the physicians and patients to be adequately educated on how best...
Tue Apr 28, 2020 16:04
Abstract Elderly patients with head and neck cancer are at increased risk of adverse outcomes during and after treatment of head and neck cancer. COVID‐19 severity and mortality can be expected to be significantly greater in elderly patients with head and neck cancer, given that increased age, comorbidities, and presence of malignancy are known risk factors for disease severity and mortality in patients with COVID‐19. Therefore, their management requires multidisciplinary consensus and patient...
Tue Apr 28, 2020 16:01
Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic forced significant changes in current approach to outpatient evaluation of common otolaryngology complaints as hospitals around the world are trying to limit the spread of the virus and to preserve health care resources. These changes raise a lot of questions regarding patient triage and treatment decisions in clinical situations when it is unclear if the workup and management can be postponed. In this communication, we present our approach...
Tue Apr 28, 2020 15:54
Pulmonary complications and infections frequently affect patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Common characteristics can predispose these patients to the development of severe respiratory illness, which may be particularly relevant during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic.
Tue Apr 28, 2020 12:58
Abstract Background Testing for SARS‐CoV‐2 is important for decision making prior to surgery in otolaryngology. An understanding of current and developing testing methods is important for interpreting test results. Methods We performed a literature review of current evidence surrounding SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnostic testing highlighting its utility, limitations, and implications for otolaryngologists. Results The currently accepted RT‐PCR test for SARS‐CoV‐2 has varying sensitivity...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 21:29
ABSTRACT Background COVID‐19 pandemic has strained human and material resources around the world. Practices in surgical oncology had to change in response to these resource limitations, triaging based on acuity, expected oncologic outcomes, availability of supportive resources, and safety of healthcare personnel. Methods The MD Anderson Head and Neck Surgery Treatment Guidelines Consortium devised the following to provide guidance on triaging Head and Neck cancer (HNC) surgeries...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 21:10
Abstract Background The COVID‐19 pandemic has changed healthcare, challenged by resource constraints and fears of transmission. We report the surgical practice pattern changes in a Head and Neck Surgery department of a tertiary cancer care center and discuss the issues surrounding multidisciplinary care during the pandemic. Methods We report data regarding outpatient visits, multidisciplinary treatment planning conference, surgical caseload, and modifications of oncologic therapy...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 20:28
Abstract Background The firsts European case series are detecting a very high frequency of chemosensitive disorders in COVID‐19 patients, ranging between 19.4% and 88%. Methods Olfactory and gustatory function was objectively tested in 72 COVID‐19 patients treated at University Hospital of Sassari. Results Overall, 73.6% of the patients reported having or having had chemosensitive disorders. Olfactory assessment showed variable degree hyposmia in 60 cases and anosmia in...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 20:17
Abstract The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic has created significant challenges to the delivery of care for patients with advanced head and neck cancer requiring multimodality therapy. Performing major head and neck ablative surgery and reconstruction is a particular concern given the extended duration and aerosolizing nature of these cases. In this manuscript, we describe our surgical approach to provide timely reconstructive care and minimize infectious risk to the providers, patients,...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 14:13
Abstract Health care services are being confronted by a daily dilemma of who can receive critical care and who cannot. In a palliative care clinic, this apprehension gets exemplified, as these patients have limited life expectancy. The head and neck region further makes things critical, as it comprises of all the sites through which the SARS‐CoV‐2 can be transmitted. This document strives to define the ways in which the head and neck cancer services can contribute to better patient care in a triage...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 14:11
Abstract The practices of head and neck surgical oncologists must evolve to meet the unprecedented needs placed on our health care system by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Guidelines are emerging to help guide the provision of head and neck cancer care, though in practice, it can be challenging to operationalize such recommendations. Head and neck surgeons at Wuhan University faced significant challenges in providing care for their patients. Similar challenges were faced by the...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 13:59
Abstract Health crises have become a popular topic of discussion. In the wave of the ongoing pandemic, experts have suggested the role of vaping and other tobacco product use exemplifying the vulnerability of the population to contract the COVID‐19. We discuss some of the events that led up to these conclusions and also offer a unique insight into another form of tobacco use that is potentially propagating its spread especially in the South Asian region—chewed tobacco. Both of these have been a...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 12:47
Abstract The interaction between CD47 and signal‐regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) inhibits phagocytosis, thus affecting the clinical outcomes of neoplastic diseases. Although CD47 upregulation is associated with poor prognosis in several malignancies, the effect of SIRPα expression and its co‐expression with CD47 remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological effect of CD47 and SIRPα expression in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Immunostaining of 120 biopsy samples...
Tue Apr 28, 2020 22:04
Abstract Chemoresistance is a main obstacle in ovarian cancer therapy and new treatment strategies and further information regarding the mechanism of cisplatin are urgently needed. Nitric oxide has a critical role in modulating the activity of chemotherapeutic drugs and our previous work shows that Connexin32 contributes to cisplatin resistance. However, whether Nitric oxide is involved in Connexin32‐mediated cisplatin resistance remains unknown. In this study, with A2780 and A2780 cisplatin‐resistant...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 21:09
Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a decisive role in the development and progression of cancer. To investigate CSCs in Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐associated carcinoma (EBVaGC), we screened previously reported stem cell markers of gastric cancer in EBV‐infected gastric cancer cell lines (TMK1, NUGC3) and identified CD44v6v9 double positive cells as candidate CSCs. CD44v6/v9+/+ cells were sorted from EBVaGC cell line (SNU719) cells and EBV‐infected TMK1 cells and these cell populations showed...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 12:20
Abstract Background Lymphocele is a collection of lymphatic fluid within the body. It is caused by an impairment of lymph drainage and often occurs after a surgical intervention. In this setting conservative treatment is usually ineffective. The aim of this report is to share the outcomes of 11 patients with iatrogenic lymphocele in the thigh area treated by supermicrosurgical lymphovenous anastomosis. Patients and Methods Eleven patients presenting iatrogenic lymphocele in the thigh...
Tue Apr 28, 2020 22:00
Tue Apr 28, 2020 15:38
Abstract Reconstruction following total vulvectomy is a reconstructive challenge. Previously described techniques typically require bilateral flaps and the associated donor site morbidity. We present a case of reconstruction after radical total vulvectomy using a single split anterolateral thigh (ALT) perforator flap with a design that optimizes perfusion while allowing for primary donor site closure. A 68‐year‐old female with a history of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma who had previously undergone...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 17:54
Abstract The RADPAC trial evaluated paclitaxel with everolimus in patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) who have progressed after therapy with a fluoropyrimidine/platinum‐containing regimen. Patients were randomly assigned to receive paclitaxel (80 mg/m2) on day 1, 8 and 15 plus everolimus (10mg daily, arm B) d1‐d28 or placebo (arm A), repeated every 28 days. Primary end point was overall survival (OS). Efficacy was assessed in the intention‐to‐treat population and safety in all...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 17:13
Abstract Previous studies on the association of adiposity with endometrial cancer risk have mostly used body mass index (BMI) as the main exposure of interest. Whether more precise measures of body fat, such as body fat percentage and fat mass estimated by bioimpedance analyses, are better indicators of risk than BMI is unknown. The role of central adiposity and fat‐free mass in endometrial cancer development remains unclear. We used Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 14:10
Abstract Few genetic risk factors have been demonstrated to be specifically associated with aggressive prostate cancer (PrCa). Here, we report a case‐case study of PrCa comparing the prevalence of germline pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) genetic variants in 787 men with aggressive disease and 769 with non‐aggressive disease. Overall, we observed P/LP variants in 11.4% of men with aggressive PrCa and 9.8% of men with non‐aggressive PrCa (two‐tailed Fisher’s exact tests, P = 0.28). The proportion...
Mon Apr 27, 2020 14:06
To rapidly communicate short reports of innovative responses to Covid-19 around the world, along with a range of current thinking on policy and strategy relevant to the pandemic, the Journal has initiated the Covid-19 Notes series. The Covid-19 pandemic has created major dilemmas for providers in…
Tue Apr 28, 2020 03:00
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of texture analysis of T2-weighted short inversion time inversion recovery (T2-STIR) for detecting myocardial tissue alterations in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Methods Twenty patients with HCM and 11 controls were examined. Texture analysis was performed for the hypertrophied regions with and without and abnormal hyperintensity (AHI) and for the interventricular septum of the controls on T2-STIR. T2 mapping was performed...
Wed Apr 29, 2020 09:43
Objective The aim of the study was to quantitatively analyze the enhancement of breast lesions by contrast-enhanced spectral mammography to improve the differential diagnosis ability of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography. Methods A total of 283 patients with breast lesions admitted from August 2017 to May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Quantitative analysis of all enhancing lesions was performed to measure the gray values of the lesion region of interest (ROI), the area close to...
Wed Apr 29, 2020 09:43
Objective To establish the normal parameters of fetal lung development at different gestational ages and to study their correlation with gestational age, thereby providing clinicians with a noninvasive method for assessing fetal lung maturity. Methods Two hundred eight cases with pregnancy of 22 to 39 weeks plus 6 days were divided into 18 groups according to gestational age. Ultrasound Doppler was used to measure the relevant parameters of fetal pulmonary development, including right pulmonary...
Wed Apr 29, 2020 09:43
The authors investigated the usefulness of diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) for evaluating tumor invasion depth, histologic grade, and lymph node metastasis in patients with cervical carcinoma (CC). Fifteen consecutive patients with histologically confirmed CC underwent 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging and DTI. The CCs were clearly depicted as hypointense areas on all DTI maps. Fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, and axial diffusivity showed significantly inverse correlations with CC histologic...
Wed Apr 29, 2020 09:43
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