GPR81 (also named as HCA1) is a member of a subfamily of orphan G‐protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), coupled to Gi‐type G proteins. GPR81 was discovered in 2001 and identified as the only known endogenous receptor of lactate under physiological conditions in 2008, which opened a new field of research on how lactate may act as a signal molecule along with the GPR81 expression in roles of metabolic process and inflammatory response. Recent studies showed that the physiological functions of GPR81 include...
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We identified endocan as a microRNA‐181a‐5p target gene. miR‐181a‐5p/endocan regulates retinal angiogenesis through the extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 signaling pathway and might represent an attractive therapeutic strategy for retinal neovascularization. Abstract Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a common pathological feature of angiogenesis‐related retinopathy. Endocan inhibition has previously been reported to suppress RNV in oxygen‐induced retinopathy (OIR); however,...
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Abstract The aim is to investigate the correlation between computed tomography (CT) features and insulin resistance levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with primary pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Nearly, 268 untreated PTB patients complicated with T2DM were divided into two groups according to the optimal cutoff value of HOMA‐IR score for the Chinese population: HOMA‐IR ≤ 2.69 (Group I: 74 patients), >2.69 (Group II: 194 patients). The basic characteristics and...
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The mechanism by which interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) stimulates adrenal androgen overproduction is unknown. We found that the IL‐6 can promote androgen secretion by regulating the expression of genes related to androgen pathways. Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential mechanism of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) on the stimulation of excessive androgen secretion in human NCI‐H295R adrenocortical cells. We performed transcriptome sequencing of cancer and paracancerous tissues obtained from...
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Probiotics have shown promising results for curing skin‐influencing inflammatory disorders through modulating the immune response by manipulating the gut microbiome. Abstract Experimental and clinical studies have confirmed safety and the medical benefits of probiotics as immunomodulatory medications. Recent advances have emphasized the critical effect of gastrointestinal bacteria in the pathology of inflammatory disorders, even, outside the gut. Probiotics have shown promising results for curing...
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Ventricular Zone Expressed PH Domain Containing 1 (VEPH1) inhibits the differentiation of aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs). Abstract Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially lethal disease featured by focal dilatation in the aorta. The transition of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from a contractile/differentiated to a synthetic/dedifferentiated phenotype is considered to contribute to AAA formation and expansion. Our previous gene microarray data showed that Ventricular Zone Expressed...
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Kinesin family member 15 appears to be an oncoprotein that contributes to gastric cancer (GC) progression and is expected to help identify new biomarkers and treatment targets in GC. Abstract Kinesin family member 15 (KIF15) is a member of the kinesin superfamily of proteins, which promotes cell mitosis, participates in the transport of intracellular materials, and helps structural assembly and cell signaling pathways transduction. However, its biological role and molecular mechanisms of action...
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Abstract The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is the leading organisation in the field of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology with nearly 12,000 members from 124 countries and works with over 70National Allergy Societies. It is the primary source of expertise in Europe and worldwide for all aspects of allergic diseases and asthma. Recent efforts by EAACI resulted in a successful Strategic Forum on Allergic Diseases (1), with key opinion leaders acknowledging the impact...
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Summary Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has had a significant impact on global healthcare services. In an attempt to limit the spread of infection and to preserve healthcare resources, one commonly used strategy has been to postpone elective surgery, whilst maintaining the provision of anaesthetic care for urgent and emergency surgery. General anaesthesia with airway intervention leads to aerosol generation, which increases the risk of COVID‐19 contamination in operating rooms and significantly...
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Abstract The virus responsible for COVID‐19 binds to the angiotensin converting enzyme‐2 (ACE‐2) receptor [1]. Several articles have noted that hypertension is a risk factor for COVID‐19 [2‐7]. It is currently difficult to distinguish between hypertension as an independent risk factor in COVID‐19 from one that co‐varies with other patient factors such as age and cardiovascular disease. It is difficult from individual reports to determine whether hypertension is a risk factor for development of...
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Summary In patients with pre‐operative anaemia undergoing cardiac surgery, combination treatment with intravenous iron, subcutaneous erythropoietin alpha, vitamin B12 and oral folic acid reduces allogeneic blood product transfusions. It is unclear if certain types of anaemia particularly benefit from this treatment. We performed a post‐hoc analysis of anaemic patients from a randomised trial on the ‘Effect of ultra‐short‐term treatment of patients with iron deficiency or anaemia undergoing cardiac...
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Summary As COVID‐19 disease escalates globally, optimising patient outcome during this catastrophic health care crisis is the number one priority. The principles of patient blood management are fundamental strategies to improve patient outcomes and should be given high priority in this crisis situation. The aim of this expert review is to provide clinicians and health care authorities with information regarding how to apply established principles of patient blood management during the COVID‐19...
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Abstract Long‐term use of corticosteroids or local use of tazarotene (TAZ) alone for the treatment of psoriasis cause safety issues and low compliance rates. Combining these two may optimize their efficacy and minimize safety concerns. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a fixed combination of TAZ 0.05% and betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% (BM) for psoriasis vulgaris. A multicenter, randomized, single‐blinded, controlled phase 3 clinical trial was conducted. A total...
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Abstract Ectodermal dysplasia–skin fragility (EDSF) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by skin fragility, chronic cheilitis, palmoplantar keratoderma, abnormal hair growth and nail dystrophy. EDSF syndrome is caused by mutations in the PKP1 gene encoding plakophilin‐1, which result in desmosomal abnormality and poor intercellular cohesion between epidermal cells. Herein, we report a novel homozygous deletion of the PKP1 gene in a Chinese boy with EDSF syndrome. Our study...
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Abstract “Wound, pressure ulcer and burn guidelines – 6: Guidelines for the management of burns, second edition” is revised from the first edition which was published in the Japanese Journal of Dermatology in 2016. The guidelines were drafted by the Wound, Pressure Ulcer and Burn Guidelines Drafting Committee delegated by the Japanese Dermatological Association, and intend to facilitate physicians’ clinical decisions in preventing, diagnosing and treating burn injury. All sections are updated by...
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Background The objective of this study was to evaluate treatment outcomes for patients with desmoid tumors (DTs) receiving local therapy with surgery alone, radiation therapy (RT) alone, or combined modality therapy (RT and surgery). Methods This was a cross‐sectional cohort study of 412 patients with nonmesenteric DTs who received local therapy at the authors' institution between 1965 and 2018. Results The median follow‐up time was 95 months (range, 1‐509 months). Local recurrence...
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Background The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Medicaid expansion under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (January 1, 2014) on the epidemiology of high‐risk prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels (≥20 ng/mL) at the time of prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. The authors hypothesized that better access to care would result in a reduction of high‐risk features at diagnosis. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed of 122,324 men aged <65 years...
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Background Previous studies examining the time to initiate chemoradiation (CRT) after surgical resection of glioblastoma have been conflicting. To better define the effect that the timing of adjuvant treatment may have on outcomes, the authors examined patients within the National Cancer Database (NCDB) stratified by a validated prognostic classification system. Methods Patients with glioblastoma in the NCDB who underwent surgery and CRT from 2004 through 2013 were analyzed. Radiation...
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Background Partner and localizer BRCA2 (PALB2) is a breast cancer predisposition gene, but the clinical relevance of PALB2 germline mutations in Chinese patients with breast cancer remains unknown. This study attempted to investigate the full prevalence and spectrum of PALB2 germline mutations in China and the associations between PALB2 germline mutations and breast cancer risk. Methods A total of 21,216 unselected patients with breast cancer were enrolled from 10 provinces in China,...
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The rapid outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 related disease (COVID-19) has spread rapidly to a pandemic proportion, increasing the demands on health systems for the containment and management of COVID-19. Cancer has been reported as a major risk factor for adverse outcomes of and death from COVID-19. We extracted data from the World Health Organization’s progress reports and from the Italian Council of Medicine. In addition, we retrieved clinical data on cancer patients with confirmed COVID-19 in our Institution.
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ABSTRACT Background COVID‐19 pandemic has led to a global shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE). This study aims to stratify face shield needs when performing head and neck cancer surgery. Methods Fifteen patients underwent surgery between 01 March 2020 and 09 April 2020. Operative diagnosis and procedure; droplet count and distribution on face shields were documented. Results Forty‐five surgical procedures were performed for neck nodal metastatic carcinoma of...
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