Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 217: Plant Molecular Responses to Potato Virus Y: A Continuum of Outcomes from Sensitivity and Tolerance to Resistance Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12020217 Authors: Špela Baebler Anna Coll Kristina Gruden Potato virus Y (PVY) is the most economically important virus affecting potato production. PVY manipulates the plant cell machinery in order to successfully complete the infecting cycle. On the other side, the plant activates a sophisticated multilayer immune...
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 215: Helicase of Type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strain HV Reveals a Unique Structure Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12020215 Authors: Tang Deng Li Yang Tian Chen Wang Wu Feng Zhang Chen Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is prevalent throughout the world and has caused great economic losses to the swine industry. Nonstructural protein 10 (nsp10) is a superfamily 1 helicase participating...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 216: Impact of Abiotic Stresses on Plant Virus Transmission by Aphids Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12020216 Authors: Manuella van Munster Plants regularly encounter abiotic constraints, and plant response to stress has been a focus of research for decades. Given increasing global temperatures and elevated atmospheric CO2 levels and the occurrence of water stress episodes driven by climate change, plant biochemistry, in particular, plant defence responses, may be altered...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 214: Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) ORF3 Enhances Viral Proliferation by Inhibiting Apoptosis of Infected Cells Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12020214 Authors: Fusheng Si Xiaoxia Hu Chenyang Wang Bingqing Chen Ruiyang Wang Shijuan Dong Ruisong Yu Zhen Li The genomes of coronaviruses carry accessory genes known to be associated with viral virulence. The single accessory gene of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), ORF3, is dispensable for...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 213: Characterization of Adenovirus 5 E1A Exon 1 Deletion Mutants in the Viral Replicative Cycle Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12020213 Authors: Costa Akkerman Graves Crisostomo Bachus Pelka Human adenovirus infection is driven by Early region 1A (E1A) proteins, which are the first proteins expressed following the delivery of the viral genome to the cellular nucleus. E1A is responsible for reprogramming the infected cell to support virus replication...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 212: Selective Reactivity of Anti-Japanese Encephalitis Virus NS4B Antibody Towards Different Flaviviruses Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12020212 Authors: Pakieli H. Kaufusi Alanna C. Tseng James F. Kelley Vivek R. Nerurkar Studies investigating West Nile virus (WNV) NS4B protein function are hindered by the lack of an antibody recognizing WNV NS4B protein. Few laboratories have produced WNV NS4B antibodies, and none have been shown to work consistently. In this...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 211: Current Trends in Diagnostics of Viral Infections of Unknown Etiology Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12020211 Authors: Daniel Kiselev Alina Matsvay Ivan Abramov Vladimir Dedkov German Shipulin Kamil Khafizov Viruses are evolving at an alarming rate, spreading and inconspicuously adapting to cutting-edge therapies. Therefore, the search for rapid, informative and reliable diagnostic methods is becoming urgent as ever. Conventional clinical tests (PCR,...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 554: Comparative Evaluation of the GPM IMERG Early, Late, and Final Hourly Precipitation Products Using the CMPA Data over Sichuan Basin of China Water doi: 10.3390/w12020554 Authors: Shunxian Tang Rui Li Jianxin He Hao Wang Xingang Fan Shuangyu Yao The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission has generated global precipitation products of improved accuracy and coverage that are promising for advanced hydrological and meteorological studies....
Sun Feb 16, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 553: Operational Efficiency of Mexican Water Utilities: Results of a Double-Bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis Water doi: 10.3390/w12020553 Authors: Ablanedo-Rosas Guerrero Campanur Olivares-Benitez Sánchez-García Nuñez-Ríos The objective of this paper is to estimate the operational efficiency of Mexican water utilities and identify the context variables that impact their efficiency. In particular, a bootstrap data envelopment analysis (DEA) and...
Sun Feb 16, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 552: Debris Flow Generation Based on Critical Discharge: A Case Study of Xiongmao Catchment, Southwestern China Water doi: 10.3390/w12020552 Authors: Gong Tang Xiong Li Generation of debris flows is related to poorly sorted mixtures of soil, catchment topography, and rainfall characteristics. Runoff in a valley resulting from intensive rainfall can induce sediment movement within stream beds or along adjacent banks. The water flow in channels is affected...
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 551: Design and Function Monitoring of an Enature® Vertical Slot Fish Pass in a Large Potamal River in Carinthia/Austria Water doi: 10.3390/w12020551 Authors: Helmut Mader Andreas Brandl Sabine Käfer To establish good ecological status in European rivers, firstly there is the question of how to re-establish unhindered migration for fish at barriers. This article documents a project to re-establish longitudinal connectivity at a large epipotamal river at the...
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 550: Model-Based Analysis of Nitrate Concentration in the Leachate—the North Rhine-Westfalia Case Study, Germany Water doi: 10.3390/w12020550 Authors: Wendland Bergmann Eisele Gömann Herrmann Kreins Kunkel Reaching the EU quality standard for nitrate (50 mg NO3/L) in all groundwater bodies is a challenge in the Federal State of North Rhine-Westfalia (Germany). In the research project GROWA+ NRW 2021 initiated by the Federal States’...
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 548: A Decision Support System for Irrigation Management: Analysis and Implementation of Different Learning Techniques Water doi: 10.3390/w12020548 Authors: Roque Torres-Sanchez Honorio Navarro-Hellin Antonio Guillamon-Frutos Rubén San-Segundo Maria Carmen Ruiz-Abellón Rafael Domingo-Miguel Automatic irrigation scheduling systems are highly demanded in the agricultural sector due to their ability to both save water and manage deficit irrigation strategies....
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 549: Unveiling the Potential of Novel Macrophytes for the Treatment of Tannery Effluent in Vertical Flow Pilot Constructed Wetlands Water doi: 10.3390/w12020549 Authors: Sobia Ashraf Muhammad Naveed Muhammad Afzal Mahmoud F. Seleiman Nasser A. Al-Suhaibani Zahir A. Zahir Adnan Mustafa Yahya Refay Bushra Ahmed Alhammad Sana Ashraf Majed Alotaibi Kamel A. Abdella The phytoremediation potential of macrophytic species has made them an...
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 547: Hydrological Foundation as a Basis for a Holistic Environmental Flow Assessment of Tropical Highland Rivers in Ethiopia Water doi: 10.3390/w12020547 Authors: Wubneh B. Abebe Seifu A. Tilahun Michael M. Moges Ayalew Wondie Minychl G. Derseh Teshager A. Nigatu Demesew A. Mhiret Tammo S. Steenhuis Marc Van Camp Kristine Walraevens Michael E. McClain The sustainable development of water resources includes retaining some amount of the...
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 544: Quantitative PCR Detection of Enteric Viruses in Wastewater and Environmental Water Sources by the Lisbon Municipality: A Case Study Water doi: 10.3390/w12020544 Authors: Pedro Teixeira Sílvia Costa Bárbara Brown Susana Silva Raquel Rodrigues Elisabete Valério Current regulations and legislation require critical revision to determine safety for alternative water sources and water reuse as part of the solution to global water crisis. In order...
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 545: A New Method to Determine the Spatial Sensitivity of Time Domain Reflectometry Probes Based on Three-Dimensional Weighting Theory Water doi: 10.3390/w12020545 Authors: Peng-Ju Qin Zhang-Rong Liu Xiao-Ling Lai Yong-Bao Wang Zhi-Wei Song Chen-Xi Miao The time domain reflectometry (TDR) method has been widely used to measure soil water content for agriculture and engineering applications. Quick design and optimization of the probe is crucial to...
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 543: Two-Dimensional Free-Surface Flow Modeling for Wave-Structure Interactions and Induced Motions of Floating Bodies Water doi: 10.3390/w12020543 Authors: Lo Wang Hsu In this study, the level set (LS) and immersed boundary (IB) methods were integrated into a Navier–Stokes equation two-phase flow solver, to investigate wave-structure interactions and induced motions of floating bodies in two dimensions. The movement of an interfacial boundary...
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 546: Assessment of A Rainwater Harvesting System in A Multi-Storey Residential Building in Brazil Water doi: 10.3390/w12020546 Authors: Jéssica Kuntz Maykot Enedir Ghisi This article aims to present an economic feasibility and user satisfaction analysis of a rainwater harvesting system in a multi-storey residential building (where there is rainwater to supply toilets) located in Florianópolis, southern Brazil. This research used detailed methods and...
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 541: The Effect of Soil Tillage Equipment on the Recharge Capacity of Infiltration Ponds Water doi: 10.3390/w12020541 Authors: Ido Negev Tamir Shechter Lilach Shtrasler Hadar Rozenbach Avri Livne The Dan Region Reclamation Project (Shafdan) reclaims ~125 millions of cubic meters per year (Mm3/year) of treated wastewater from the Tel Aviv Metropolitan area. Following secondary treatment, the effluent is recharged into a sandy aquifer for soil aquifer...
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 542: An Integral 1-D Eulerian–Lagrangian Method and Its Application to a Hydrodynamic River Network Water doi: 10.3390/w12020542 Authors: Shuai Yuan Jianzhong Zhou Dechao Hu Sipeng Zhu It is difficult for a one-dimensional river network hydrodynamic model to manage bifurcations. Traditional methods use simplified junction methods to avoid solving physical equations at bifurcations, which can cause physical distortions and errors. In this article, we propose...
Sat Feb 15, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 539: Correction: Xu, C., et al. Effects of Artificial LED Light on the Growth of Three Submerged Macrophyte Species during the Low-Growth Winter Season: Implications for Macrophyte Restoration in Small Eutrophic Lakes. Water 2019, 11, 1512 Water doi: 10.3390/w12020539 Authors: Chao Xu Hai-Jun Wang Qing Yu Hong-Zhu Wang Xiao-Min Liang Miao Liu Erik Jeppesen The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 540: A Model-Based Flood Hazard Mapping on the Southern Slope of Himalaya Water doi: 10.3390/w12020540 Authors: Aryal Wang Adhikari Zhou Li Shrestha Wang Chen Originating from the southern slope of Himalaya, the Karnali River poses a high flood risk at downstream regions during the monsoon season (June to September). This paper presents comprehensive hazard mapping and risk assessments in the downstream region of the Karnali River basin...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 537: Lessons from 10 Years of Experience with Australia’s Risk-Based Guidelines for Managed Aquifer Recharge Water doi: 10.3390/w12020537 Authors: Dillon Page Vanderzalm Toze Simmons Hose Martin Johnston Higginson Morris The Australian Managed Aquifer Recharge Guidelines, published in 2009, were the world’s first Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) Guidelines based on risk-management principles that also underpin the World...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 535: Numerical Investigation of a Hydrosplitting Fracture and Weak Plane Interaction Using Discrete Element Modeling Water doi: 10.3390/w12020535 Authors: Liu Ma Zhao Guo Duan Sun Water inrush caused by hydrosplitting is an extremely common disaster in the engineering of underground tunnels. In this study, the propagation of fluid-driven fractures based on an improved discrete element fluid-solid coupling method was modeled. First, the interactions...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 536: Pollution of Sedimentary Ponds at an Industrial Plant in Janikowo (Poland) Water doi: 10.3390/w12020536 Authors: Gołub Piekutin The aim of the work was to determine whether the waste accumulated on the reclaimed sedimentary pond near the Janikosoda Production Plant in Janikowo is still a source of pollution of groundwater. On one of the ponds near the Production Plant in Janikowo, three points were located, in which drilling was done up to the bottom of...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 533: Optimal Planning of Low-Impact Development for TSS Control in the Upper Area of the Cau Bay River Basin, Vietnam Water doi: 10.3390/w12020533 Authors: Dang Minh Hai Recently, an increase in impervious area induced by the process of urbanization has significantly affected the quantity and quality of urban surface runoff. Among the pollutants of the storm flow, total suspended solids (TSS) are an extremely important cause of water quality deterioration. This...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 538: Glacial Lake Changes and Identification of Potentially Dangerous Glacial Lakes in the Yi’ong Zangbo River Basin Water doi: 10.3390/w12020538 Authors: Hongyu Xiaojun Dahong Miaomiao Juan The southeastern Tibetan Plateau, where monsoonal temperate glaciers are most developed, has a huge number of glacial lakes. Based on Landsat Operational Land Imager (OLI) images, 192 glacial lakes with a total area of 45.73 ± 6.18 km2 in 2016 were...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 534: Source and Mobilization Mechanism of Iron, Manganese and Arsenic in Groundwater of Shuangliao City, Northeast China Water doi: 10.3390/w12020534 Authors: Zhihao Zhang Changlai Xiao Oluwafemi Adeyeye Weifei Yang Xiujuan Liang Excessive levels of Fe, Mn and As are the main factors affecting groundwater quality in Songliao plain, northeast China. However, there are few studies on the source and mobilization mechanisms of Fe, Mn and As in the groundwater...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Water, Vol. 12, Pages 532: Quantifying Escherichia coli and Suspended Particulate Matter Concentrations in a Mixed-Land Use Appalachian Watershed Water doi: 10.3390/w12020532 Authors: Fritz Petersen Jason A. Hubbart The relationships between Escherichia (E) coli concentration, suspended particulate matter (SPM) particle size class, and land use practices are important in reducing the bacterium’s persistence and health risks. However, surprisingly few studies have been performed...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
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