The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) partnered with the National Hearing Conservation Association (NHCA) to create the Safe-in-Sound Excellence in Hearing Loss Prevention Awards™, to recognize organizations that document measurable achievements in hearing loss prevention, and to obtain information on their real-world successes. This year's award ceremony takes place at the Annual National Hearing Conservation Conference on February 21st 2020. The recipient of the 2020...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 10:15
Phonak's award-winning Marvel technology is now available on custom in-the-ear (ITE), super-power, and pediatric hearing aids across multiple performance levels. Over 2 million ears now benefit from the sound performance and connectivity offered by Marvel technology since its release in October 2018. Marvel connectivity features hand-free calls and audio streaming to virtually any Bluetooth enabled devices like smartphones, tablets, computers, or TVs.Earlier this year at the 2020 International CES,...
Tue Feb 25, 2020 14:41
Conservation efforts are increasingly being challenged by a rapidly changing environment, and for some aquatic species the use of captive rearing or selective breeding is an attractive option. However, captivity itself can impose unintended artificial selection known as domestication selection (adaptation to culture conditions). For most marine species, it is not known to what degree domestication selection affects traits related to fitness in the wild. To test for domestication selection in a marine...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 02:00
Cooperation can be favored through the green-beard mechanism, where a set of linked genes encodes both a cooperative trait and a phenotypic marker (green beard), which allows carriers of the trait to selectively direct cooperative acts to other carriers. In theory, the green-beard mechanism should favor cooperation even when interacting partners are totally unrelated at the genome level. Here, we explore such an extreme green-beard scenario between two unrelated bacterial species - Pseudomonas aeruginosa...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 02:00
Natural environments are seldom static and therefore it is important to ask how a population adapts in a changing environment. We consider a finite, diploid population with intermediate dominance evolving in a periodically changing environment and study how the fixation probability of a rare mutant depends on its dominance coefficient and the rate of environmental change. We find that in slowly changing environments, the dominance patterns are the same as in the static environment, that is, if a...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 02:00
Many broadly-dispersing marine taxa are species-rich, show genetic heterogeneity on small spatial scales, and are locally adapted to their environmental conditions. How such genetic subdivisions can emerge despite the potential for high gene flow continues to be the major paradox of evolution in the sea. One understudied process potentially contributing to genetic structuring in marine populations is variation in larval recruitment. Here, we report an unusual recruitment pattern in the broadcast-spawning...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 02:00
Adaptive evolution has shaped major biological processes. Finding the protein-coding genes and the sites that have been subjected to adaptation during evolutionary time is a major endeavor. However, very few methods fully automate the identification of positively selected genes, and widespread sources of genetic innovations as gene duplication and recombination are absent from most pipelines. Here, we developed DGINN, a highly-flexible and public pipeline to Detect Genetic INNovations and adaptive...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 02:00
The phylogenetic utility of targeted enrichment methods has been demonstrated in taxa that often have a history of single gene marker development. These genomic capture methods are now being applied to resolve evolutionary relationships from deep to shallow timescales in clades that were previously deficient in molecular marker development and lacking robust morphological characters that reflect evolutionary relationships. Effectively capturing 1000s of loci, however, in a diverse group across a...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 02:00
African cichlid fishes are a prime model for studying the mechanisms of speciation. Despite the development of extensive genomic resources, it has been difficult to determine which sources of genetic variation are responsible for variation in cichlid phenotypes. Cichlids have some of the largest known shifts in vertebrate visual sensitivity. These shifts arise mainly from the differential expression of seven cone opsin genes. By mapping expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in intergeneric crosses...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 02:00
Genetic adaptation, occurring over long evolutionary time, enables host-specialized herbivores to develop novel resistance traits and to counteract the defenses of a narrow range of host plants. In contrast, physiological acclimation, leading to the suppression and/or detoxification of host defenses is hypothesized to enable generalists to shift between plant hosts. Here, we examined the long-term response of an extreme generalist, the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (TSSM), to...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 02:00
Across various animal groups, adaptation to the extreme conditions of cave environments has resulted in convergent evolution of morphological, physiological, and behavioral traits. We document a Neotropical cave fish system with ample potential to study questions related to convergent adaptation to cave environments at the population level. In the karstic region of the Andes of Santander, Colombia, cave-dwelling catfishes in the genus Trichomycterus exhibit variable levels of reduction of eyes and...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 02:00
We study the genotype-phenotype maps of 80 quantitative phenotypes in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, by representing the genotypes affecting each phenotype as a genotype network. In such a network, each vertex or node corresponds to an individual's genotype at all those genomic loci that affect a given phenotype. Two vertices are connected by an edge if the associated genotypes differ in exactly one nucleotide. The 80 genotype networks we analyze are based on data from genome-wide association...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 02:00
Division of labour, where cooperating individuals specialise to perform complementary tasks, plays a fundamental role at all levels of biological complexity, from genes to complex animal societies. Different labour-dividing species employ different mechanisms to determine how tasks are allocated between individuals, including coordinated, random, and genetic determination of phenotype (caste). It is not clear if this diversity is adaptive-- arising because different mechanisms are favoured in different...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 02:00
Sexual selection, whether mediated by male-male competition, female choice, or male choice, is often realized through a series of pairwise contests. Experimental evolutionists have long applied male-choice and female-choice experiments to quantify the relative mating abilities of genotypes, an important component of fitness. Here, we consider Drosophila mate-choice experiments and apply two mathematical models, the Bradley-Terry and the Elo models, which have been explicitly designed to quantify...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 02:00
Conflicting data have been published on the prognostic significance of histologic parameters in papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC). We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of clinical and histologic parameters in PRCC in nephrectomies and their impact on prognosis, with an emphasis on World Health Organization (WHO)/International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade, tumor architecture (solid, micropapillary, and hobnail), and PRCC type. A total of 185 PRCC cases were evaluated, 117 (63.2%)...
Tue Feb 25, 2020 02:00
Abstract Inhalation injury is predictive of dysphagia post burns; however, the nature of dysphagia associated with inhalation burns is not well understood. This study describes the clinical profile and recovery pattern of swallowing following inhalation burn injury. All patients admitted 2008–2017 with confirmed inhalation burns on laryngoscopy and managed by speech-language pathology (SLP) were included. Initial dysphagia presentation and dysphagia recovery pattern were documented...
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Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Wed Feb 26, 2020 10:00
Abhishek Yadav, Pankaj Goyal, Chaturbhuj R Agrawal, Sneha J Bothra, Parveen Jain, Kumardeep Dutta Choudhury, Sunil Kumar Gupta, Manish Sharma, Rajat Bajaj, Amitabh Upadhyay, Prashanta Dash, Dinesh C DovalIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):76-83 Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) account for approximately 30-33% of all cancer and the median survival for recurrent and metastatic(R/M) SCCHN remains less than 1 year despite modern advances in therapy. Chemotherapy, usually...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Ganesh Nagarajan, Kaushal KundaliaIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):2-3
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Sanjay A PaiIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):110-114
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Mahati ChittemIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):4-6
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Shakti Kumar Yadav, Roshina Naeem, Amitabh Sharma, Sompal Singh, Namrata Sarin, Sonam Kumar PruthiIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):98-101 Middle ear adenoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (MEA-ND) is also called as neuroendocrine adenoma. Neuroendocrine tumors are rarely seen in the head and neck region and are even more rare in the middle ear. Clinical and radiological findings are non-specific and seldom suggest this diagnosis. Nomenclature and behavior of this tumor has been historically...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Asawari Ambekar, Vishal Rao, Sanjay A Pai, MR Bindhu, Divya Midha, Seema Kaushal, Sachin Patil, Rakhi Jagdale, Shailesh Soni, Bijal Kulkarni, Sandhya Sundaram, Ramani Manoj Kumar, Sangeeta Desai, Santosh MenonIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):7-12The majority of testicular tumors are germ cell tumors (GCTs), but there are numerous other types, making testicular tumors one of the most diverse areas of human pathology, despite their relative rarity. Testicular tumors are usually diagnosed only after...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Manikandan Venkatasubramaniyan, Suhas Kodasoge Rajappa, Mudit Agarwal, Anshu Chopra, Abhishek Singh, Rajiv PaulIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):62-69 Purpose: In India, head and neck cancer contributes to about 35% of all malignancies. Among head and neck squamous cell cancers, buccal mucosa and tongue are the most common subsites. Reconstruction of defects after resection of primary in these subsites with acceptable cosmetic and functional outcomes remains a challenging task. In the era of...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Jian Li, Xiwen Tong, Hongtao LiIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):13-17 Objective: No effective and definitive chemotherapeutic regimen has been established in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who failed second-line treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate apatinib, a VEGFR-2 inhibitor, as monotherapy in elderly patients with advanced metastatic NSCLC. Methods: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of apatinib in elderly patients (≥65 years old) with advanced metastatic...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Amul K Butti, Shakti K Yadav, Alekh Verma, Abhijit Das, Roshina Naeem, Ratna Chopra, Sompal Singh, Namrata SarinIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):89-92 Background: Carcinoma of the gall bladder (GB) is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. One percent of cholecystectomy specimens show incidental gall bladder cancers (GBCs). Aim: Our aim of the study to was evaluate the utility of routine histopathology of cholecystectomy specimens removed with a diagnosis of gall bladder...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Jai Prakash Agarwal, Avinash Pilar, Naveen Mummudi, Meetakshi Gupta, Sarbani Ghosh Laskar, Rima S Pathak, Anil R Tibdewal, Rajesh Kinhikar, Yogesh Ghadi, Sandeep Tandon, Nilendu Purandare, Kumar Prabhash, Vijay PatilIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):18-24 Background: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is now considered the standard treatment for medically inoperable early-stage non-small lung cell cancer (ES-NSCLC). Purpose: There is a paucity of data related to outcomes with SBRT in...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Kalaivani S Subramanian, Sree Rekha Jinkala, Rakhee Kar, Debdatta Basu, Biswajit DubashiIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):105-108
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
HS Darling, S Jayalakshmi, Pradeep JaiswalIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):25-26
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Min Yan, Xiang-Tao Pan, Xu Cheng, Ye LuIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):27-30 Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the changes and clinical significance of thrombomodulin (TM) and plasma protein C (PC) in patients with cancer before and after peripherally inserted central catheter placement (PICC). Materials and Methods: The levels of plasma TM and PC in 35 patients with cancer before and after PICC were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the significance of the differences...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Halil Cumhur Yildirim, Sefika Arzu Ergen, Emine Sedef, Merve Sahin, Songul Cavdar Karacam, Mustafa Sukru Senocak, Fazilet Oner DincbasIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):70-75 Background: Sexual dysfunction is an important side-effect after radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this study was to compare sexual functions of PCa patients before and after intensity-modulated RT and to analyze their correlation with penile bulb (PB) doses and patient characteristics. Materials...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Barbara Suchonska, Małgorzata Gajewska, Anna Madej, Mirosław WielgośIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):31-35 Objectives: The aim was to analyze the unaffected course of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in pregnant women and to compare the rates of lesion persistence, progression, and regression. Materials and Methods: Patients with abnormal cytology included in the study underwent colposcopy, followed by a biopsy of the cervix. At the end of the postpartum period, all patients underwent...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Janaki Gururajachar Manur, M G John Sebastian, Savitha Mary DavidIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):84-88 Introduction: Most esophageal cancer patients present with poor nutritional status and may not tolerate radical treatment. Aim: We aim to identify patients who are good candidates for chemo-radiation (CTRT). Materials and Methods: Fifty-four patients treated with CTRT were followed up for a mean period of 28 months and factors affecting the outcome were analyzed along with the...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
KL Surendra, Sriram Patwari, Shishir Agrawal, Harsha Chadaga, Anita NagadiIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):36-43 Context: Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and percentage signal recovery (PSR) obtained from T2* dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging are important parameters for brain tumor assessment. Aim: To study the accuracy of PSR in the differentiation of low-grade glioma, high-grade glioma, lymphoma, and metastases particularly in comparison to rCBV. ...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Deepti Ahuja, Sachidanand Jee Bharati, Nishkarsh Gupta, Vinod Kumar, Sushma BhatnagarIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):93-97 Scrambler therapy (ST) is a novel noninvasive modality for treatment of chronic neuropathic and cancer pain using 5 artificial neurons. The principle with Scrambler Therapy is that synthetic “non-pain” information is transmitted by C fiber surface receptors. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy can markedly deteriorate patient's quality of life and can also negatively...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Ali Enshaei, Afshin Mohammadi, Seyed Babak Moosavi Toomatari, Zahra Yekta, Seyed Ehsan Moosavi Toomatari, Mohammad Ghasemi-Rad, Saber Zafar Shamspour, Zahra Karimi Sarabi, Nariman SepehrvandIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):44-48 Background: Power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) can provide useful information regarding the vascularity of breast lesions. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of a new PDUS-driven malignancy index in differentiating between malignant and...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Rushabh Shah, Pradeep Vaideeswar, Tasneem CochinIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):102-104 Cancer is an uncommon event in pregnancy. The most common gestational cancers arise from the breast and cervix. Although lung cancer is the most common malignancy, its occurrence in pregnancy is a distinctly rare event. Diagnosing it during pregnancy is an additional challenge as the pregnancy, common respiratory ailments, and the lung cancer can have overlapping symptoms. We report an uncommon histological...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
Beena Kunheri, Rhaina V Raj, DK Vijaykumar, K PavithranIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(1):49-54 Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous group of disease, and recently, intrinsic sub-typing on the basis of gene expression profiling is found to be a predictor of breast cancer clinical course. The St. Gallen has released surrogate classification for breast cancer sub-types depending on immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers. Aim: The aim of our study was to analyze the distribution of sub-types...
Wed Feb 26, 2020 00:00
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