Targeting of endothelin system genes is a promising strategy in cancer therapy. The modulation of these genes was explored in a model of colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis and in a panel of CRC tumor cell lines that were exposed to the demethylating agent decitabine. The CC531 rat model mimicking CRC liver metastasis was used for tumor cell re-isolation and analysis of the endothelin system genes and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) by microarray. To mimic the effects caused by methylation changes,...
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Since the early studies of William J. McCormick in the 1950s, vitamin C has been proposed as a candidate for the treatment of cancer. A number of reports have shown that pharmacological concentrations of vitamin C selectively kill cancer cells in vitro and decrease the growth rates of a number of human tumor xenografts in immunodeficient mice. However, up to the date there is still doubt regarding this possible therapeutic role of vitamin C in cancer, mainly because high dose administration in cancer...
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Fat grafting is a well-established surgical technique used in plastic surgery to restore deficient tissue, and more recently, for its putative regenerative properties. Despite more frequent use of fat grafting, however, a scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying either survival or remedial benefits of grafted fat remain lacking. Clinical use of fat grafts for breast reconstruction in tissues damaged by radiotherapy first provided clues regarding the clinical potential of stem cells to...
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In this study, we found miR-362-5p was upregulated in bladder cancer tissues and we predicted that QKI is potential a target of miR-362-5p and MBNL1-AS1 might be able to directly target to miR-362-5p. We attempted to evaluate whether miR-362-5p could play its roles in bladder cancer through regulating QKI (quaking) and whether the expression and function of miR-362-5p could be mediated by lncRNA MBNL1-AS1. We performed the gain- and loss-function experiments to explore the association between miR-362-5p...
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Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP1) is a DNA repair enzyme highly expressed in the nuclei of mammalian cells, with a structure and function that have attracted interest since its discovery. PARP inhibitors, moreover, can be used to induce synthetic lethality in cells where the homologous recombination (HR) pathway is deficient. Several small molecule PARP inhibitors have been approved by the FDA for multiple cancers bearing this deficiency These PARP inhibitors also act as radiosensitizing agents...
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ConclusionThe combination of key targets based on the protein-protein interaction network that were built by the different gene expression of TCGA data to reposition the marketed drugs turned out to be a new approach to discover new antitumor drugs. Hypoglycemic drug linagliptin could potentially lead to novel therapeutics for the treatment of tumors, especially for colorectal cancer. Gene regulatory network is a valuable method for predicting and explaining the mechanism of drugs action. (Source:...
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5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an antimetabolite that interferes with DNA synthesis and has been widely used as a chemotherapeutic drug in various types of cancers. However, the development of drug resistance greatl... (Source: BMC Clinical Pharmacology)
Mon Mar 02, 2020 01:00
Kyasanur Forest Disease -- IndiaWith 9 persons testing positive for Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD), commonly known as monkey fever, in Wayanad over the past 2 months [January-February 2020], the Wayanad district administration has intensified the disease prevention and surveillance activities and has asked the people to maintain vigilance.District collector Dr. Adeela Abdulla said that 7 KFD cases were reported last year [2019] during the same period, including 2 deaths, and there have been 9 positive...
Sat Feb 29, 2020 17:32
COVID-19 -- ChinaConfirmed cases 2 Feb 2020 / 3 Feb 2020 / 4 Feb 2020 (early) / 4 Feb 2020 (end of day) / 5 Feb 2020 / 6 Feb 2020 / 7 Feb 2020 / 8 Feb 2020 / 9 Feb 2020 early / 9 Feb 2020 late / 10 Feb 2020 / 11 Feb 2020 / 12 Feb 2020 / 13 Feb 2020 / 14 Feb 2020 / 15 Feb 2020 / 16 Feb 2020 / 17 Feb 2020 / 18 Feb 2020 / 19 Feb 2020 / 20 Feb 2020 / 21 Feb 2020 / 22 Feb 2020 / 23 Feb 2020 / 24 Feb 2020 / 25 Feb 2020 / 26 Feb 2020/ 27 Feb 2020 / 28 Feb 2020 / Country / Region17 187 / 19 693 / 20 636...
Sat Feb 29, 2020 06:59
Other Plant Disease -- ThailandIncidence of begomoviruses infecting tomatoes, peppers, and cucurbits was investigated in major production fields in the north, northeastern, central, and southern regions of Thailand between January 2015 and June 2017.Of 585 samples subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 57% were positive for begomovirus infection. Nucleotide sequence analysis of coat protein (CP) and replication initiation protein (Rep) genes identified 15 previously known begomovirus species,...
Fri Feb 28, 2020 18:37
Coronavirus -- ChinaAt 04:00 on [27 Feb 2020], 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps reported 327 new confirmed cases and 44 new deaths (41 in Hubei, 2 in Beijing, and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, 1 case), and newly added 452 suspected cases.On the same day [27 Feb 2020], 3622 patients were cured and discharged, 10 525 close contacts were released from medical observation, and 394 severe cases improved.As of 24:00 on [27...
Fri Feb 28, 2020 12:47
Abstract Purpose Epidemiological data on acromegaly therapeutic outcomes in real-life conditions are scarce in Brazil. Information on the geographical accessibility to the dispensation of medicines and its impact on biochemical control is also poorly known. We aimed to describe the clinical outcomes of long-term therapy in patients with acromegaly at a referral medical centre in Brazil and to perform a spatial analysis of patients according...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
Abstract Purpose To evaluate the reliability of 18F-FDG PET/CT in distinguishing differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs) and follicular neoplasms (FNs) from nodular hyperplasias (NH) in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology according to the Italian consensus for the classification and reporting of thyroid cytology (ICCRTC). We also tested whether the 18F-FDG PET/CT result was an independent risk factor for DTCs or FNs when sex,...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background Insulinoma is a subtype of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Many patients with insulinoma are obese due to frequent food intake. Ghrelin is associated with obesity and blood levels of insulin. It is not clear if plasma levels of ghrelin in insulinoma patients correlate with hyperinsulinemia and obesity. Expression of ghrelin and its receptor has not been well demonstrated in insulinoma. ...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
Abstract Purpose The institutional database of the Thyroid Surgery Division in China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University was queried to audit time trend patterns in thyroid cancer (TC) management between 2008 and 2017. Methods Retrospective longitudinal analysis. Clinicopathological features and treatment strategies were analyzed. Frequencies...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
Abstract Purpose To compare the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological features of follicular (FVPTC) and classical (CVPTC) variants of papillary thyroid cancer and to correlate their outcomes according to different features. Methods Retrospective analysis of FVPTC and CVPTC patients selected at the moment of surgical treatment from 1999 to 2004,...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background/aims We assessed the levels of autophagy and mitophagy, that are linked to cancer development and drug resistance, in well differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) and correlated them with clinico-pathological parameters. Methods Fluorescent immunostaining for the autophagy markers LC3Β and p62/or LAMP1 was performed...
Sat Feb 29, 2020 02:00
Abstract Context To prepare for radioactive iodine therapy in post total thyroidectomy patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC), either thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) or administration of recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) can be performed. Objective Our objective is to compare quality of life (QoL) parameters using the SF-36v2 questionnaire...
Fri Feb 28, 2020 02:00
Abstract Purpose Little is known about the underlying physiology that contributes to Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the normal and pre-diabetic range. We determined the contribution of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose (2hPG), insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and endogenous glucose production to HbA1c levels in the normal and pre-diabetic range. Methods ...
Fri Feb 28, 2020 02:00
Abstract The complex three-dimensional architecture of the liver with its metabolically zonated lobules is a prerequisite to perform functions of metabolic conversion of endogenous and foreign substrates. The enzymatic competencies of hepatocytes differ between zones and dynamically adapt upon xenobiotic activation of the nuclear constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). Using the antibody-based DigiWest proteomics approach, the abundance and phosphorylation status of hepatocyte...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
Abstract The Hippo pathway participates in development of numerous tumors through regulating tissue growth and cell fate. This study aimed to detect the association between the genetic variants in Hippo pathway genes and bladder cancer risk in a Chinese population. A case–control study of 580 cases and 1101 controls was performed to evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 39 candidate genes involved in the Hippo pathway with bladder cancer risk. A...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
Abstract Activation of nuclear receptors (NR), for example the retinoid-X-receptors (RXR) or the liver-X-receptors (LXR), plays a crucial role as the molecular initiating event in the adverse outcome pathway for liver steatosis. The downstream biological consequences of NR interactions are still not fully understood, especially with multi-receptor-activating compounds and their mixtures. While the default assumption for mixture risk assessment is dose addition, the potential of...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
Abstract Polymorphisms in arsenic (+ 3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) have been shown to be related to interindividual variations in arsenic metabolism and to influence adverse health effects in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients treated with arsenic trioxide (As2O3). The occurrence of hyperleukocytosis with As2O3 treatment seriously affects the early survival rate of APL patients, but no definite explanation for such a complication has been clearly established....
Fri Feb 28, 2020 02:00
Abstract In addition to hepatocytes, the liver comprises a host of specialised non-parenchymal cells which are important to consider in the development of in vitro models which are both physiologically and toxicologically relevant. We have characterized a 3D co-culture system comprising primary human hepatocytes (PHH) and non-parenchymal cells (NPC) and applied it to the investigation of acetaminophen-induced toxicity. Firstly, we titrated ratios of PHH:NPC and confirmed the presence...
Fri Feb 28, 2020 02:00
Abstract Purpose Cyclocreatine, a creatine analog, is a candidate drug for treating patients with cerebral creatine deficiency syndromes (CCDSs) caused by creatine transporter (CRT, SLC6A8) deficiency, which reduces brain creatine level. The purpose of this study was to clarify the characteristics of cyclocreatine transport in HEK293 cells, which highly express endogenous CRT, in hCMEC/D3 cells, a human blood-brain barrier (BBB)...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
Abstract A series of short events, called A-phases, can be observed in the human electroencephalogram (EEG) during Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep. These events can be classified in three groups (A1, A2, and A3) according to their spectral contents, and are thought to play a role in the transitions between the different sleep stages. A-phase detection and classification is usually performed manually by a trained expert, but it is a tedious and time-consuming task. In the past...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
Abstract Histopathological whole slide images of haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained biopsies contain valuable information with relation to cancer disease and its clinical outcomes. Still, there are no highly accurate automated methods to correlate histolopathological images with brain cancer patients’ survival, which can help in scheduling patients therapeutic treatment and allocate time for preclinical studies to guide personalized treatments. We now propose a new classifier,...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
Abstract The common CT imaging signs of lung diseases (CISLs) which frequently appear in lung CT images are widely used in the diagnosis of lung diseases. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) based on the CISLs can improve radiologists’ performance in the diagnosis of lung diseases. Since similarity measure is important for CAD, we propose a multi-level method to measure the similarity between the CISLs. The CISLs are characterized in the low-level visual scale, mid-level attribute scale,...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
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