Abstract The effects of the secondary metabolite biosynthesis on the metabolism and morphology of the Monascus purpureus were investigated in this study. Hypha and septum length became longer after deletion of genes pigR and pksCT in M. purpureus LQ-6 by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation technology, highly branched hyphae, much smaller and freely dispersed mycelial pellets were observed in M. purpureus. Compared with that in the wild-type, the level of intracellular...
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Abstract When Bacillus subtilis NB-NUC1 associated with Cheonggukjang fermentation was aerobically grown in a synthetic medium containing 1 to 2% glycine (w/v), cell growth was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. Subsequently, different concentrations of glycine (0, 1, and 2%) were used in Cheonggukjang fermentation for 96 h at 40 °C. Supplementation of 1% glycine increased extracellular γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTPase), responsible for the production of viscous substance....
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To assess maternal health care service utilisation and associated factors in Somali pastoral communities of eastern Ethiopia.; Community-based cross-sectional study complemented by qualitative assessments in Adadle district, Somali region, eastern Ethiopia, among 450 women in six kebeles from August to September 2016. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with antenatal care use and skilled delivery care use, controlling for confounders.; About 27% [95%CI 22.8-31.2%] of women...
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The Thinking Healthy Programme (THP) is recommended to treat perinatal depression in resource-limited settings, but scale-up is hampered by a paucity of community health workers. THP was adapted for peer-delivery (THPP) and evaluated in two randomized controlled trials in India and Pakistan. Our aim was to estimate the effectiveness of THPP on maternal outcomes across these two settings, and evaluate effect-modification by country and other pre-defined covariates.; Participants were pregnant women...
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Suramin is 100 years old and is still being used to treat the first stage of acute human sleeping sickness, caused by; Trypanosoma brucei; rhodesiense; Suramin is a multifunctional molecule with a wide array of potential applications, from parasitic and viral diseases to cancer, snakebite, and autism. Suramin is also an enigmatic molecule: What are its targets? How does it get into cells in the first place? Here, we provide an overview of the many different candidate targets of suramin and discuss...
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Physical inactivity is a worldwide pandemic associated with major chronic diseases. Given limited resources, policy makers are in need of physical activity interventions that provide best value for money.; To summarize evidence from RCT-based economic evaluations of primary prevention physical activity interventions in adult populations outside the workplace setting.; Systematic review of health economic evaluations. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) in US$ per MET-hour gained were estimated...
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Colloidal transformations in MS2 virus particles: driven by pH, influenced by natural organic matter
Enteric viruses, such as enterovirus, norovirus, and rotavirus, are among the leading causes of disease outbreaks due to contaminated drinking and recreational water. Viruses are difficult to remove from water through filtration based on physical size exclusion-for example by gravity-driven filters-due to their nanoscale size. To understand virus removal in drinking water treatment systems, the colloidal nanostructure of a model virus, the MS2 bacteriophage, has been investigated in relation to the...
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Land use regression (LUR) models for Ultrafine Particles (UFP) have been developed to assess health effects of long-term average UFP exposure in epidemiological studies. Associations between LUR modeled residential outdoor and measured long-term personal exposure to UFP have never been evaluated, adding uncertainty in interpretation of epidemiological studies of UFP. Our aim was to assess how predictions of recently developed LUR models for UFP compared to measured average personal UFP exposure in...
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microRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of non-coding RNA species with important regulatory roles in gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. The helminth; Acanthocheilonema viteae; serves as model organism for research on parasitic filarial nematodes. Total RNA secreted or excreted; in vitro; by 1500 adult female and male; A. viteae; over 3 weeks was isolated from culture media previously processed by differential ultracentrifugation. miRNA sequencing revealed the presence of 360 unique...
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Health workers in low-resource settings often lack the support and tools to follow evidence-based clinical recommendations for diagnosing, treating and managing sick patients. Digital technologies, by combining patient health information and point-of-care diagnostics with evidence-based clinical protocols, can help improve the quality of care and the rational use of resources, and save patient lives. A growing number of electronic clinical decision support algorithms (CDSAs) on mobile devices are...
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Most health systems provide the most specialized, and presumably also the highest quality of care at a central level. This study assessed parental satisfaction and its determinants in the context of neonatal care in a provincial as well as a national hospital of Vietnam.; In this cross-sectional quantitative study, parents of 340 preterm infants admitted to neonatal care units of a national and a provincial hospital in 2018 were interviewed using structured questionnaires. Unadjusted and adjusted...
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Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the most sustainable and effective malaria control tool currently available. Global targets are for 80% of the population living in malaria endemic areas to have access to (own) and use a LLIN. However, current access to LLINs in endemic areas is 56% due to system inefficiencies and budget limitations. Thus, cost-effective approaches to maximize access to effective LLINs in endemic areas are required. This study evaluated whether LLINs that had been stored...
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Preterm birth and shorter duration of pregnancy are associated with increased morbidity in neonatal and later life. As the epigenome is known to have an important role during fetal development, we investigated associations between gestational age and blood DNA methylation in children.; We performed meta-analysis of Illumina's HumanMethylation450-array associations between gestational age and cord blood DNA methylation in 3648 newborns from 17 cohorts without common pregnancy complications, induced...
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Global environmental change has degraded ecosystems. Challenges such as climate change, resource depletion (with its huge implications for human health and wellbeing), and persistent social inequalities in health have been identified as global public health issues with implications for both communicable and noncommunicable diseases. This contributes to pressure on healthcare systems, as well as societal systems that affect health. A novel strategy to tackle these multiple, interacting and interdependent...
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Despite Social Networking Sites (SNS) having a minimum age of 13, younger adolescents are using them. In this study, we examine self-reported overall SNS use and SNS use if awake at night in relation to Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL, measured by KIDSCREEN-10) and behaviour (measured by Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ) in 5229 adolescents aged 11-12 in the Study of Cognition, Adolescents and Mobile Phones (SCAMP) cohort. Two-thirds of the study population used SNS. Weekday and...
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Preventive chemotherapy with praziquantel (PZQ) is the cornerstone of schistosomiasis control. However, a single dose of PZQ (40 mg/kg) does not cure all infections. Repeated doses of PZQ at short intervals might increase efficacy in terms of cure rate (CR) and intensity reduction rate (IRR). Here, we determined the efficacy of a single versus four repeated treatments with PZQ on Schistosoma mansoni infection in school-aged children from Côte d'Ivoire, using two different diagnostic tests.; An open-label,...
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Insect-borne parasite Trypanosoma brucei plagues humans and other animals, eliciting the disease Human African trypanosomiasis, also known as African sleeping sickness. This disease poses the biggest threat to the people in Sub-Saharan Africa. Given the high toxicity and difficulties with administration of currently available drugs, a novel treatment is needed. Building on known Human African trypanosomiasis structure-activity relationship (SAR), we now describe a number of functionally simple diphenyl...
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Little is known about the presence of vector-borne bacteria in southwest Madagascar. Anthropogenic alteration of natural habitats represents an important driver for the emergence of new diseases. Especially the involvement of livestock and the involuntary maintaining of invasive synanthropic animals (particularly rats) facilitate disease transmission from wildlife to humans and associated animals and vice versa. The dissemination or acquisition of ectoparasites is most likely in regions where human/wildlife...
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Electronic media use is increasing in low- and middle-income countries, thus we aim to investigate the prevalence of different aspects of e-media use and its association to symptoms and neurocognitive outcomes in rural South Africa.; In the cohort study, "Child health Agricultural Pesticide study in South Africa (CapSA)", of 1001 children and adolescents, aged 9-16 years, we enquired at baseline about the following aspects of e-media use: (1) call duration (2) total screen time (3) night-time awakenings...
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Emerging drug resistance and high-attrition rates in early and late stage drug development necessitate accelerated development of antimalarial compounds. However, systematic and meaningful translation of drug efficacy and host-parasite dynamics between preclinical testing stages is missing. We developed an ensemble of mathematical within-host parasite growth and antimalarial action models, fitted to extensive data from four antimalarials with different modes of action, to assess host-parasite interactions...
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Die im Titel angesprochene Wechselseitigkeit von Veränderung und Stetigkeit kann in der Lehre der Medizinethnologie ohne weiteres auch als die Kontinuität der Umgestaltung wahrgenommen werden. So wie sich die Medizinethnologie als bedeutsamer Teilbereich der kontemporären Ethnologie wandelt, so bewegt sich auch ihre Unterrichtung mit. Sowohl gesellschaftliche Veränderungen als auch neue Erkenntnisse in der Ethnologie und Nachbarsdisziplinen sowie gesundheitsbezogene Umgestaltungen von globalem und/oder...
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Publication date: Available online 28 March 2020Source: Experimental Cell ResearchAuthor(s): Shengjun Luo, Lan Shao, Zhixiong Chen, Daixing Hu, Li Jiang, Wei Tang
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Publication date: Available online 28 March 2020Source: Experimental Cell ResearchAuthor(s): Mingxing Chen, Zhiyan Ding, Fengyu Zhang, Hui Shen, Linlin Zhu, Hongfeng Yang, Shaoliang Chen
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Publication date: Available online 27 March 2020Source: Experimental Cell ResearchAuthor(s): Osychenko Alina, Zalessky Alexandr, Astafiev Artyom, Shakhov Aleksander, Kostrov Andrey, Krivokharchenko Alexandr, Nadtochenko Viktor
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Publication date: Available online 27 March 2020Source: Experimental Cell ResearchAuthor(s): Hong-Ce Chen, Wen Rui, Si-Yuan You, Xia-Wan Liu, Jun Huang, Hong-Yuan Chen
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Publication date: Available online 27 March 2020Source: Experimental Cell ResearchAuthor(s): Qing Li, Leifeng Chen, Chen Luo, ChenYan, Jin Ge, Zhengming Zhu, Kai Wang, Xin Yu, Jun Lei, Tiande Liu, Xiaogang Peng, Xiuxia Liu, Rongfa Yuan
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Unfortunately, the word ”Group” is missed in the article title of the original publication. It has been corrected by this erratum.
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Abstract Purpose Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the leading cause of gastric cancer. High antibody levels to H. pylori virulence factors Vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) and Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) have been suggested as gastric cancer risk markers. In the USA, H. pylori sero-prevalence is twofold higher in African Americans compared to whites. We sought to assess whether African Americans also exhibit higher antibody levels...
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Abstract Purpose Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common viral infection that shapes lifelong immunity. A history of infection with HCMV has been associated with many chronic diseases, including cancer. In addition, prospective cohort studies have established that HCMV is associated with all-cause mortality. However, there are limited data regarding HCMV and cancer mortality. Methods...
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Publication date: Available online 28 March 2020Source: Cancer LettersAuthor(s): Mengnan Zhang, Yuehua Wang, Lilya V. Matyunina, Amber Akbar, John F. McDonald
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Publication date: Available online 27 March 2020Source: Cancer LettersAuthor(s): Jin-Yu Sun, Xiao-Jie Lu
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Publication date: Available online 27 March 2020Source: Cancer LettersAuthor(s): Keith CK. Lau, Shivali S. Joshi, Shan Gao, Elizabeth Giles, Ken Swidinsky, Guido van Marle, Oliver F. Bathe, Stefan J. Urbanski, Norah A. Terrault, Kelly W. Burak, Carla Osiowy, Carla S. Coffin
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Publication date: Available online 27 March 2020Source: Cancer LettersAuthor(s): Chang-Ching Lin, Miao-Chia Lo, Rebecca Moody, Hui Jiang, Ramdane Harouaka, Nicholas Stevers, Samantha Tinsley, Mari Gasparyan, Max Wicha, Duxin Sun
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Publication date: Available online 27 March 2020Source: Cancer LettersAuthor(s): Emilie Le Rhun, Joan Seoane, Michel Salzet, Riccardo Soffietti, Michael Weller
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Publication date: Available online 29 March 2020Source: The Journal of Emergency MedicineAuthor(s): Reuben J. Strayer, Kathryn Hawk, Bryan D. Hayes, Andrew A. Herring, Eric Ketcham, Alexis M. LaPietra, Joshua J. Lynch, Sergey Motov, Zachary Repanshek, Scott G. Weiner, Lewis S. Nelson
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Publication date: Available online 28 March 2020Source: The Journal of Emergency MedicineAuthor(s): Joseph Portale
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