Introduction: Patients diagnosed with stage II nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) often receive chemotherapy as primary treatment which exposes patients to immediate and long-term risks of chemotherapy. These risks can be avoided by proceeding to primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) when a high suspicion of pure metastatic teratoma in the retroperitoneum (RP) exists. We propose that all stage II NSGCT patients with pure testicular teratoma, normal serum tumor markers,...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 03:00
Breast cancer affects women globally; the majority of breast cancer-related mortalities are due to metastasis. Acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype has been implicated in the progression of breast cancer cells to an invasive, metastatic state. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes have high rates of metastases, recurrence, and have poorer prognoses compared to other breast cancer types, partially due to lack of commonly targeted receptors. Kinases have diverse and pivotal functions in metastasis...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug in lung cancer treatment. Most cancer patients eventually develop cisplatin resistance, resulting in a poor prognosis. Previously, we identified a novel marker, family with sequence similarity 60A (FAM60A), that was responsible for resistance in cisplatin-resistant human lung adenocarcinoma A549 (A549/DDP) cells. Here, we investigated the biological effects of FAM60A in A549/DDP cells and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms to understand its...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Sarcopenia, the degenerative and systemic loss of skeletal muscle mass, is a multifactorial syndrome reflecting frailty, poor general health status, and the possible presence of cancer cachexia. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of sarcopenia on the efficacy of pembrolizumab in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC). This retrospective study included 28 patients with aUC treated with pembrolizumab as a second or later-line therapy. Sarcopenia was determined based on computed tomography...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Silibinin is a flavonoid extract isolated from milk thistle and has been proved to be a promising chemotherapeutic drug for cancer. However, most of those studies were performed on the human cancer cells, where the effects of silibinin could only be observed on an animal model with a deficient immune system. RenCa cells were isolated from a murine spontaneous renal cell carcinoma, which resembles many features of human renal cell carcinoma, and have been used to establish animal models with a sound...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
As an oxygenated tetracyclic triterpenoid, Cucurbitacin E (CuE) possesses potential antitumor properties in sorts of malignancies. However, its effect on human esophageal carcinoma cells has not been previously unearthed, and the mechanism underlying its anticarcinoma activity remains vague. Hence, this study was arranged to probe the function of CuE on esophageal carcinoma cells and its specific mechanism. Human esophageal carcinoma cells (ECA109 and EC9706) and human normal esophageal epithelial...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
A growing number of studies have revealed the critical roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Recently, next-generation sequencing technologies combined with bioinformatic have demonstrated that a great number of dysregulated lncRNAs are associated with diverse cancers. However, lots of lncRNAs’ function and their underlying molecular mechanisms in oral carcinoma (OC) cancer remain unclear. In this study, we performed integrative lncRNA profiling analysis...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Teratoma with malignant transformation is a rare type of malignant teratoma. In the present case, we describe a patient with salivary gland carcinoma (SGC) generating in mediastinal mature teratoma. Next-generation sequencing showed BRCA1 and KRAS somatic mutations, which might be associated with malignant transformation of the mediastinal mature teratomas. To our knowledge, the present case is the first report of coexistence of BRCA1 and KRAS mutations in mature cystic teratoma with malignant transformation...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Antibody-cytokine fusion proteins (also called ‘immunocytokines’) represent an emerging class of biopharmaceutical products, which are being considered for cancer immunotherapy. When used as single agents, pro-inflammatory immunocytokines are rarely capable of inducing complete and durable cancer regression in mouse models and in patients. However, the combination treatment with conventional chemotherapy or with other immune-stimulatory agents typically increases the therapeutic efficacy of immunocytokines....
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T (UBE2T) is overexpressed in several human cancer cells, but a role in cholangiocarcinoma (CAA) progression has not been investigated. We analyzed the expression of UBE2T in CAA tissues. Then, we generated UBE2T deregulation models in which it was overexpressed or silenced, and examined the effects on CAA malignant progression by flow cytometry, western blot, MTT assay, wound healing assay and transwell assay. We report the involvement of UBE2T in CAA malignant progression....
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Multiple myeloma is a blood cell cancer and can cause symptoms such as bone loss and fatigue. Recent studies have shown that the bone marrow microenvironment may mediate tumor proliferation, drug resistance, and migration of the multiple myeloma cells. Synthetic triterpenoids have been used for the treatment of cancer due to their antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of 2-cyano-3, 12 dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO) derivatives...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Magnesium wasting is a frequent side effect of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-antibody treatment as magnesium-absorption mechanisms are dependent on EGFR signaling. EGFR-inhibition results in decreased renal reabsorption. There is evidence that hypomagnesemia during cetuximab treatment correlates with response. The prognostic role of hypomagnesemia during bevacizumab treatment has not been studied yet. Here, we evaluate the prognostic value of hypomagnesemia in patients with metastatic colorectal...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Phytochemicals are important candidates for developing anticancer agents. Ziyuglycoside II is a major active compound of Sanguisorba officinalis, which exhibits antiproliferation activity in several cancers; however, its action in HCC remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the antitumor activity of ziyuglycoside II against HCC and explored the potential mechanisms. We found that ziyuglycoside II exerts significant...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Among advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in whom grade 2/3 immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that had developed during the initial immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy had been successfully controlled, we experienced three patients in whom ICI therapy was resumed at the diagnosis of progressive disease (PD group, n = 3) and four patients in whom it was resumed immediately after successful control of irAEs (non-PD group, n = 4). The tumor response rate, disease control rate...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Many homeobox (HOX) genes have been shown to be related to cancer progression. HOXB5, a member of the HOX genes, is overexpressed in retinoblastoma cancer and positively regulates the breast cancer cell proliferation as well as invasion. However, the role and underlying mechanism of HOXB5 in pancreatic cancer cells are still unclear. HOXB5 expression was measured in four pancreatic cancer cell lines, including PANC-1, ASPC-1, MIA-PaCa-2, and CFPAC-1. PANC-1 and ASPC-1 cells were selected for cell...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Uterine carcinosarcomas are biphasic neoplasms consisting of mixed epithelial and mesenchymal elements, representing less than 5% of all uterine malignancies. Carcinosarcomas are rare, although the most common cause of uterine cancer-specific death. Few information is available on the pathogenesis, and molecular characterization is poorly investigated. Consequently, the treatment has not changed over the last years and is far too being tailored, consisting of surgery and traditional chemotherapy...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 21:44
Background The treatment of advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a clinical challenge because it is unclear which therapeutic approaches are the best for this highly heterogeneous group of patients. Because TP53 mutations are the most common genetic event in these tumors, the authors investigated whether they could represent an ancillary biomarker in the management of advanced OSCC. Methods The TP53 gene was sequenced in 78 samples from patients with advanced OSCC who received treatment...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 19:10
Background In this series from the Transatlantic Australasian Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Working Group (TARPSWG), the authors examined longitudinal outcomes of patients with a second recurrence of retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) after complete resection of a first local recurrence (LR). Methods Data from patients undergoing resection of a first LR from January 2002 to December 2011were collected from 22 sarcoma centers. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) after second recurrence. ...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 19:08
Fri Aug 14, 2020 11:50
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 17 August 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-1022-4Galectin-3 favours tumour metastasis via the activation of β-catenin signalling in hepatocellular carcinoma
03:00
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
Fri Aug 14, 2020 10:00
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
Fri Aug 14, 2020 10:00
Lipid accumulation in macrophages confers protumorigenic polarization and immunity in gastric cancer
Abstract Heterotypic interactions between tumor cells and macrophages can enable tumor progression and hold the potential to develop therapeutic interventions. However, the communication between tumors and macrophages and mechanism is poorly defined. Here we find that TAMs from tumor‐bearing mice have high amounts of lipid as compared to macrophages from tumor‐free mice. Of note, TAMs also present high lipid content in clinical human gastric cancer patients. Functionally, TAMs with high lipid levels...
Sat Aug 15, 2020 11:56
Abstract Aerobic glycolysis metabolic reprogramming is one of the most important hallmarks of malignant tumors. Increasing evidence indicates that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are able to regulate glycolysis metabolic reprogramming and promote cancer progression by functioning as competing endogenous RNAs. LncARSR is a newly identified onco‐lncRNA in renal cancer, but its potential role in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. Here, we analyzed specimens from 89 patients with CRC...
Sat Aug 15, 2020 11:56
Abstract Accumulating evidence suggests that metformin reduces the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully clarified. The aim of this study is to examine the pathological characteristics of resected CRC from patients treated with metformin for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). A total of 267 patients with DM underwent curative colectomy for Stage I~III CRC and 53 (19.9%) patients had been treated medically including metformin. Pathological...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 12:42
Publication date: Available online 15 August 2020Source: Cancer/RadiothérapieAuthor(s): C. Pasquier, C. Gaudias, O. Lepouzé, C. Touchard, S. Bombard, C. Lafond, O. Dupuis
Sat Aug 15, 2020 19:59
Publication date: Available online 15 August 2020Source: Cancer/RadiothérapieAuthor(s): S. Boisbouvier, C. Tachin, A. Lecoeur, P. Le Tallec
Sat Aug 15, 2020 19:59
Publication date: Available online 15 August 2020Source: Cancer/RadiothérapieAuthor(s): C. Llacer-Moscardo, M. Terlizzi, S. Bonvalot, F. Le Loarer, S. Carrère, R. Tetrau, A. D’ascoli, D. Lerouge, C. Le Péchoux, J. Thariat
Sat Aug 15, 2020 19:59
Purpose: Preclinical studies suggest PARP inhibition (PARPi) induces immunostimulatory micromilieu in ovarian cancer thus complementing activity of immune checkpoint blockade. We conducted a phase II trial of PARPi olaparib and anti–PD-L1 durvalumab and collected paired fresh core biopsies and blood samples to test this hypothesis. Patients and Methods: In a single-center, proof-of-concept phase II study, we enrolled women aged ≥18 with recurrent ovarian cancer. All patients were immune...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 10:05
In this trial of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) blockade with toripalimab in previously treated Chinese patients with melanoma, unique histologic and molecular features may explain why the objective response rate is lower than those defined in Western populations. This work suggests future avenues for investigating mechanisms of melanoma formation and resistance to PD-1 blockade. See related article by Tang et al., p. 4250
Fri Aug 14, 2020 10:05
Purpose: Only a minority of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) truly benefits from single-agent PD-1 checkpoint blockade, and more robust predictive biomarkers are needed. Experimental Design: We assessed tumor samples from 67 immunotherapy-treated NSCLC cases represented in a tissue microarray, 53 of whom had pretreatment samples and received monotherapy. Using GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiling System (NanoString Technologies), we quantified 39 immune parameters simultaneously...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 10:05
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) inhibitors have clinical activity in acute myeloid leukemia, in part, by differentiating blasts to mature myeloid cells. In the largest systematic analysis to date, differentiation syndrome was seen in 19% of patients treated with IDH inhibitors. Early recognition with uniform diagnostic criteria, as utilized in acute promyelocytic leukemia, may reduce subsequent complications. See related article by Norsworthy et al., p. 4280
Fri Aug 14, 2020 10:05
Purpose: The cytokine IL22 promotes tumor progression in murine models of colorectal cancer. However, the clinical significance of IL22 in human colorectal cancer remains unclear. We sought to determine whether the IL22 pathway is associated with prognosis in human colorectal cancer, and to identify mechanisms by which IL22 can influence disease progression. Experimental Design: Transcriptomic data from stage II/III colon cancers in independent discovery (GSE39582 population-based cohort,...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 10:05
T-cell receptor β analysis can be exploited to monitor changes in the clonotypic composition of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) during ex vivo expansion in IL2. Oligoclonal TILs are often outgrown by infrequent clonotypes with greater proliferative capacity, and this could impact the antitumor reactivity of the expanded TILs. See related article by Poschke et al., p. 4289
Fri Aug 14, 2020 10:05
Purpose: Many rare ovarian cancer subtypes, such as small-cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT), have poor prognosis due to their aggressive nature and resistance to standard platinum- and taxane-based chemotherapy. The development of effective therapeutics has been hindered by the rarity of such tumors. We sought to identify targetable vulnerabilities in rare ovarian cancer subtypes. Experimental Design: We compared the global proteomic landscape of six cases each of...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 10:05
On May 3, 2019, the FDA granted regular approval to ado-trastuzumab emtansine (KADCYLA), for the adjuvant treatment of patients with HER2-positive early-breast cancer (EBC) who have residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant taxane-based chemotherapy and trastuzumab-based treatment. Approval was based on data from the KATHERINE trial, which randomized patients to receive ado-trastuzumab emtansine or trastuzumab. At 3 years, the event-free rate for invasive disease-free survival in the ado-trastuzumab...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 10:05
Purpose: During our efforts to develop tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy to counter the devastating recurrence rate in patients with primary resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), we found that PDA TILs can readily be expanded in vitro and that the majority of resulting TIL cultures show reactivity against the autologous tumor. However, the fraction of tumor-reactive T cells is low. We investigated to which extent this was related to the in vitro expansion. Experimental...
Fri Aug 14, 2020 10:05
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