Abstract Immunotherapy targeting programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) has become a standard pharmacological therapy. Although tumor mutation burden level was reported to depend on the tumor location in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), predictive impact of the tumor location on the response to anti‐PD‐1 therapy is unknown. Two hundred and seventeen advanced or recurrent NSCLC patients treated with anti‐PD‐1 therapy at Kyushu University Hospital and National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center...
Fri May 01, 2020 14:04
Abstract Smoking and second‐hand smoke (SHS) exposure have been recently linked to a higher risk of breast cancer in women. The aim of this work is to estimate the number of deaths and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) from breast cancer attributable to these two risk factors in the European Union (EU‐28) in 2017. The comparative risk assessment method was used. Data on prevalence of smoking and SHS exposure were extracted from the Eurobarometer surveys, relative risks from a recent meta‐analysis,...
Sat May 02, 2020 16:32
Abstract We examined whether automated visual evaluation (AVE), a deep learning computer application for cervical cancer screening, can be used on cervix images taken by a contemporary smartphone camera. A large number of cervix images acquired by the commercial MobileODT EVA system® were filtered for acceptable visual quality and then 7,587 filtered images from 3,221 women were annotated by a group of gynecologic oncologists (so the gold standard is expert impression, not histopathology). We tested...
Thu Apr 30, 2020 20:26
Abstract Colorectal cancer is a multifactorial disease involving inherited DNA mutations, environmental factors, gut inflammation, and intestinal microbiota. Certain germline mutations within the DNA mismatch repair system are associated with Lynch syndrome tumors including right‐sided colorectal cancer with mucinous phenotype and presence of an inflammatory infiltrate. Such tumors are more often associated with bacterial biofilms, which may contribute to disease onset and progression. Inflammatory...
Wed Apr 29, 2020 20:35
Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been reported to be associated with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). However, the evidence is limited to the sero‐epidemiological study. There is a lack of evidence showing the HBV infection and integration in NHL cells. Here, we reported that in Shanghai area, the positive rates of serum HBsAg (OR: 3.11; 95% CI: 2.20‐4.41) and HBeAg (OR: 3.99; 95% CI: 1.73‐9.91) were significantly higher in patients with NHL. HBsAg, HBcAg, and HBV DNA were detected in...
Wed Apr 29, 2020 19:20
Abstract Obesity has been associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer. However, most studies have been conducted among North American and European populations. Prostate cancer mortality appears elevated in West Africa, yet risk factors for prostate cancer in this region are unknown. We thus examined the relationship between obesity and prostate cancer using a case‐control study conducted in Accra, Ghana in 2004‐2012. Cases and controls were drawn from a population‐based sample...
Wed Apr 29, 2020 19:09
Abstract Purpose Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common and aggressive malignancy associated with poor prognosis. Characteristics and treatment of long-term survivors are of particular interest in efforts to improve outcomes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine trends and prognostic factors for 3-year survival from a national database. Methods ...
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Abstract Introduction The orbital contents, afferent and efferent visual pathways, and the cranial nerves involved in eye movement, corneal sensation and eyelid closure traverse the skull base, a region bounded by the intracranial cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the deep spaces of the face and head. As such, tumors from above or below have potential to affect some aspect of the visual system. ...
Sat May 02, 2020 03:00
Abstract Objective Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor; survival is typically 12–18 months after diagnosis. We sought to study the effects of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) using 5-Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (5-ALA) and high frequency focused ultrasound (FUS) on 2 glioblastoma cell lines. Procedure Rat C6 and human U87 glioblastoma...
Sat May 02, 2020 03:00
Abstract Background The optimal radiotherapy regimen in elderly patients with glioblastoma treated by chemoradiation needs to be addressed. We provide the results of a comparison between conventionally fractionated standard radiotherapy (CRT) and short-course radiotherapy (SRT) in those patients treated by temozolomide-based chemoradiation. Methods ...
Sat May 02, 2020 03:00
Abstract Objective Dose escalation via stereotactic radiation therapy techniques has been necessary for hepatobiliary malignancies in the primary and oligometastatic setting, but such dose escalation is challenging for spine metastases due to spinal cord proximity. Here, we investigate the role of spine stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS) in the management of such metastases. ...
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
Abstract Introduction Central nervous system hemangioblastoma is a benign tumor associated with or without von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease which is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease that results from a germline mutation in the VHL gene. A main axis of signaling pathways in central nervous system hemangioblastoma is VHL-HIF signaling pathway. Here, we propose an alternative VHL-JAK-STAT signaling pathway in hemangioblastoma and...
Thu Apr 30, 2020 03:00
Abstract Objectives To recognize the national trends in management of pediatric craniopharyngioma and to address the significant predictors of discharge disposition. Methods We utilized the Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID), a pediatric inpatient sample generated by the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) triennially from 1997 to 2016. ...
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Abstract Intracranial dermoid cysts are benign congenital slow growing masses. They account for less than 1% of all primary intracranial lesions. They can be asymptomatic and appear incidentally on brain images. However, there are some dermoid cysts that, depending on the location, can cause a variety of symptoms, especially if they compress vital structures. Rupture of intracranial dermoid cysts is relatively uncommon; the incidence is 0.18%. Dermoid cyst in children appears...
Sat May 02, 2020 03:00
Abstract Stingray injuries are rare, mostly causing injuries to the lower extremities but occasionally fatal if there is direct puncture of the thorax, abdomen, or neck. Direct combined stingray injury to the central nervous system has not been reported in the literature. Herein we present the case of a 12-year-old boy who, while wading at the seashore of the Costa Rica’s Pacific Ocean, sustained a combined oblique penetrating injury to the C6 vertebra caused by a Stingray. He...
Sat May 02, 2020 03:00
Abstract Objective Vagal nerve stimulator (VNS) implantation at an early age seems to lead to improved quality of life and cognitive outcome. The aim of this analysis is to evaluate whether specific patient or seizure characteristics might lead to better seizure control, cognitive outcome, and higher quality of life in children undergoing VNS implantation. Methods ...
Sat May 02, 2020 03:00
Abstract Purpose Endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation (ESPAL) is known as an effective treatment for posterior epistaxis. Anatomical variations of the intranasal branching may result in long operative time and possible inadequate cauterization. A modification of ESPAL by cauterization at the sphenopalatine foramen (SPF), has been performed by our group. Our study assessed the clinical benefit of endoscopic sphenopalatine foramen cauterization...
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Abstract Objective To perform a systematic review of the literature available about the posterior pharyngeal wall squamous cell carcinomas, with a special focus on oncologic outcomes. Methods A comprehensive research was performed on PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library datasets for published studies meeting the established criteria. The last...
Sat May 02, 2020 03:00
Abstract Background Reprocessing of endoscopes becomes increasingly complex, due to rising demands of hygiene. Established methods are often expensive/time-consuming. Recent studies suggest beneficial aspects of disinfection by UV light. In this study we analyzed the efficiency of UV light disinfection of rigid otorhinolaryngological endoscopes. Materials and methods ...
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports, Volume 8, Issue , January-December 2020. Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare type of blood cancer characterized by infiltration of the body tissues by pathologic histiocytes, leading to widespread inflammation and damage. Clinical presentations range widely, from asymptomatic infiltration of bone to multiple organ system damage and resultant dysfunction. This report describes a case of a patient with several unusual imaging findings...
Sat May 02, 2020 04:17
Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports, Volume 8, Issue , January-December 2020. This study was about a 70-year-old man with progressive dysphagia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a 1.2-cm circumferential ulcerative mass at the level of 23 cm from the upper incisors in the upper esophagus. The mass was first diagnosed as a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. McKeown esophagogastrectomy was performed with intention to treat the lesion. The pathological examination...
Sat May 02, 2020 04:17
Abstract Purpose Hepatobilliary surgery is nowadays increasingly done throughout the world with advent of newer liver imaging modalities. Considering recent interest for accurate interpretation of different radiological images and performing surgical procedures, a precise understanding of hepatic surface anatomy is challenging due to high prevalence of previously identified morphological variations. Accordingly, a cadaveric study was...
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Abstract Purpose To study the anatomical features of the ankle joint in Chinese northeast healthy adults and provide accurate data for the design of the total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) prosthesis. Methods Computer tomography (CT) images from 156 healthy subjects, 86 males and 70 females, were collected and reconstructed through Mimics software. The...
Sat May 02, 2020 03:00
Abstract Purpose Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) systems are increasingly used to non-invasively treat tremor; consensus on imaging follow-up is poor in these patients. This study aims to elucidate how MRgFUS lesions evolve for a radiological readership with regard to clinical outcome. Methods MRgFUS-induced lesions and oedema...
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Abstract Purpose Although the treatment of intracranial cerebral aneurysms with detachable coils is now widely accepted, the problem of coil compaction and recanalization remains unsolved. If the vessel wall can be regenerated at the neck orifice of an aneurysm, thereby reducing the blood flow into the aneurysm, the recurrence rate of the aneurysm would decrease. Accordingly, we aimed to insert cellulose porous beads (CPBs) into rat...
Fri May 01, 2020 03:00
Cotton workers are exposed to various hazards in the textile industry that might result in different ailments including hypertension (HTN). However, few attempts have been made to systematically review the pre...
Sat May 02, 2020 03:00
Gasless laparoscopy, developed in the early 1990s, was a means to minimize the clinical and financial challenges of pneumoperitoneum and general anaesthesia. It has been used in a variety of procedures such as...
Thu Apr 30, 2020 03:00
Network meta-analysis (NMA) has rapidly grown in use during the past decade for the comparison of healthcare interventions. While its general use in the comparison of conventional medicines has been studied pr...
Thu Apr 30, 2020 03:00
Abstract Purpose To describe the role of anti-angiogenic agents that have been used as a treatment approach for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancers and to propose future directions. Methods PubMed/MEDLINE was searched for articles related to VEGF inhibition and locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer. ...
Sat May 02, 2020 03:00
84 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: "In Vivo"[jour] These pubmed results were generated on 2020/05/02PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
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The liver is the organ for iron storage and regulation; it senses circulating iron concentrations in the body through the BMP-SMAD pathway and regulates the iron intake from food and erythrocyte recovery into the bloodstream by secreting hepcidin. Under iron deficiency, hypoxia, and hemorrhage, the liver reduces the expression of hepcidin to ensure the erythropoiesis but increases the excretion of hepcidin during infection and inflammation to reduce the usage of iron by pathogens. Excessive iron...
Sat May 02, 2020 16:20
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common respiratory virus and is associated with pediatric pneumonia, causing bronchiolitis and significant mortality in infants and young children. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous noncoding small RNAs that function in gene regulation and are associated with host immune response and disease progression. In the present study, we profiled the global transcriptome and miRNAome of whole blood samples from children with mild or severe RSV-associated pneumonia,...
Fri May 01, 2020 04:50
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a well-known mediator of sepsis. In many cases, sepsis results in multiple organ injury including the lung with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). More than 20-year-old studies have suggested that TNF may be directly responsible for organ injury during sepsis. However, these old studies are inconclusive, because they relied on human rather than conspecific TNF, which was contaminated with endotoxin in most studies. In this study, we characterized the direct...
Fri May 01, 2020 04:20
Introduction. Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a chronic disease in which persistent inflammation leads to obstruction and obliteration of the small airways. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of calprotectin as an inflammatory marker in induced sputum. Methods. Twenty-eight patients suffering from BO and 18 healthy controls were examined. Lung function was measured by spirometry, body plethysmography, and lung clearance index (LCI). The induced sputum was obtained, cell counts were...
Fri May 01, 2020 04:05
Abstract Purpose Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been related to an increased risk of liver injury. Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death implicated in multiple physiological and pathological processes. This study aimed to explore the role of ferroptosis in chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-induced liver injury as well as to uncover the underlying mechanisms using a CIH rat model. ...
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Convention thinking says that the root of all fear lies in our brains. But what comes before then? (The National Museum in Oslo/)Excerpt from Nerve: Adventures in the Science of Fear by Eva Holland. Reprinted with permission of The Experiment. Fear, it seems at first, should be easy to identify and define. To borrow from that old judicial decision about the definition of obscenity: we know it when we feel it.Putting that feeling into words can be harder. G. Stanley Hall, the nineteenth-century founder...
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(From top to bottom) American chestnut, black cherry, tigerwood, and snakewood. (Jonathon Kambouris/)Experienced artisans can fashion almost anything from wood—as long as they have the right material. These four options offer them increasing levels of hardness.American chestnutCarpenters once used this hardwood for everything from construction to furniture. That changed in the early 1900s, when a fungus decimated the native population—but you can still find choice boards that have been reclaimed...
Sat May 02, 2020 18:00
Many moms would be delighted to receive a wine rack like this. (Jose Mendoza/)Mother’s Day is coming up, and you’re probably looking for a way to show Mom how much you appreciate her. Homemade gifts go a long way in that department, but if you’re older than seven, you’re going to have to do better than a macaroni “painting” of your family.Each of these five projects can come together easily in a weekend, leaving you enough time to pick a lovely wildflower bouquet or bake a cake in time for the holiday.Bath...
Sat May 02, 2020 12:00
Controllers, head phones, and more. (Screen Post via Unsplash/)The insidious nature of mobile gaming means that once you’ve found an app that suits your fancy you’re probably well beyond hooked. Sure, you could do the noble thing and try to find a more “productive” hobby, but sometimes you just need to relax. For those times, we suggest a few pieces of gear that make playing on your cell phone a more wholesome experience. Give your touchscreen a break with a controller. Hook up headphones so your...
Sat May 02, 2020 03:57
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