Two tyrosine kinase inhibitors, lenvatinib and sorafenib, are available systemic therapies for patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma. However, the treatment options for carcinoma refractory to both lenvatinib and sorafenib are limited. Here, we present a case of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma that showed resensitization to rechallenge with lenvatinib. A 72-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma with multiple lymph node and lung metastases...
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Complete superior vena cava (SVC) and inferior vena cava (IVC) obstruction is not uncommon and most commonly associated with malignancy. The risk increases in patients with central lines and hypercoagulable states such as with malignancy, thrombophilia, or use of oral contraceptive pills. According to our knowledge, complete SVC and IVC obstruction associated with systemic-to-pulmonary venous shunts in patients with prothrombin G20210A gene mutation has not been reported in the literature. Here we...
19h
Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI)-based approaches have transformed the treatment landscape of numerous solid tumors. Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and almost universally fatal disease which is in need of novel treatment options, and combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors, including dual agent therapy, are starting to be explored in refractory GBM. Growing adoption of ICI-based approaches in solid tumors has been met with improved understanding of immune-related adverse events (IRAEs),...
19h
Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive cutaneous tumor, and the use of checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy is a recent indication in its metastatic setting, both first and second line. However, the widespread use of immunotherapy is associated with an increase of acute and late immune-mediated adverse events. We present a case of an elderly fit patient with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab who developed diabetic ketoacidosis, a severe immune-mediated adverse event....
19h
We report a case of a 51-year-old Caucasian female who presented with a ciliary body melanoma of the right eye leading to focal resorption of the crystalline lens and inducing posterior subcapsular cataract. She underwent successful enucleation, and histopathology demonstrated a ciliary body melanoma with a predominance of epithelioid cells and focal scleral extension. Genetic testing revealed a heterozygous, pathogenic mutation of BAP1 (c.1717delC, p.Leu573fs). Crystalline lens resorption is a rare...
19h
Digital patient monitoring gains importance for quality of clinical cancer care. Our case report provides insight into usability and acceptance of a smartphone app for monitoring of electronically captured patient-reported outcomes in patients undergoing immunotherapy. During 3 months, 6 patients with advanced or metastatic PD-L1-positive cancer of the lung, prostate, and bladder who underwent checkpoint immunotherapy were using the Consilium app for standardized and structured electronic reporting...
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Abstract Background Egg‐white ovomucoid, i.e. Gal d 1, is associated with IgE‐mediated allergic reactions in most egg allergic children. Epitope‐specific IgE levels have been correlated with the severity of egg allergy, while emerging evidence suggests that other antibodies, i.e. IgG1, IgG4, IgA1 and IgD, may have a protective function; yet, their epitope‐specific repertoires and associations with atopic comorbidities have not been studied. Methods Bead‐Based Epitope Assay (BBEA) was used...
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Abstract The present study aimed to examine the association between morningness‐eveningness preferences, sleep duration, weekend catch‐up sleep duration and depression among Korean high‐school students. A total of 8,655 high‐school students participated from 15 districts in South Korea and completed an online self‐report questionnaire. The following sleep characteristics were assessed: weekday and weekend sleep duration, weekend catch‐up sleep duration, morningness‐eveningness preference, perceived...
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Abstract This review discusses evidence for population based screening with contemporary screening tools. In Europe, PSA‐based screening led to a relative reduction of prostate cancer (PCa) mortality, but also to a substantial amount of overdiagnosis and unnecessarily biopsies. Risk stratification based on a single variable (a clinical variable or based on the presence of a lesion on prostate imaging) or based on multivariable approaches can aid in reducing unnecessary prostate biopsies and overdiagnosis...
20h
ABSTRACT Neuroblastoma is a sympathetic nervous system tumor, primarily presenting in children under 6 years of age. The long‐term prognosis for patients with high‐risk neuroblastoma (HRNB) remains poor despite aggressive multimodal therapy. This report provides an update to a phase II trial evaluating DFMO as maintenance therapy in HRNB. Event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of 81 subjects with HRNB treated with standard COG induction, consolidation, and immunotherapy followed by...
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ABSTRACT Lower pre‐diagnostic circulating 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D)—considered the best marker of total vitamin D exposure—is associated with higher mortality risk among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, it is unknown whether this association differs by the vitamin D‐binding protein (GC) isoform Gc2 (encoded by GC rs4588*C>A, Thr436Lys), which may substantially affect vitamin D metabolism and modify associations of 25(OH)D with colorectal neoplasm risk. Pre‐diagnostic 25(OH)D‐mortality...
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Abstract The use and maintenance of firearms is a common and often preventable source of adult lead exposure that is often poorly understood by medical professionals. This case describes an elevated blood lead level (BLL) in an adult man due to the exposure sources of ammunition reloading and indoor target shooting in the basement of his home and details the challenges involved in the diagnosis and management of such cases. The elevated BLL was reduced through strict attention to personal hygiene...
20h
Abstract Background Our metropolitan hospital provides a real‐time videoconference teledermatology clinic to enable patients in rural and remote Queensland to access a specialist for dermatology care. Methods Retrospective clinical audit of all patient referrals to the videoconference teledermatology clinic for a two‐year period. Results A total of 483 consultations for 178 patients were conducted by the teledermatology clinic. Most patients were from remote and very remote regions...
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Abstract Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles ranging from 30 to 150 nm, are secreted by various cell types, including tumour cells. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified to be encapsulated and hence protected from degradation within exosomes. These exosomal miRNAs can be horizontally transferred to target cells, in which they subsequently modulate biological processes. Increasing evidence indicates that exosomal miRNAs play a critical role in modifying the microenvironment of lung cancers,...
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Abstract Objectives Little is known about the roles of integral membrane proteins beyond channels, carriers or receptors in meiotic oocytes. The transmembrane protein Fam70A was previously identified as a likely “female fertility factor” in Fox3a‐knockout mouse ovaries where almost all follicles underwent synchronous activation and the mice became infertile very early. However, whether Fam70A functions in oocyte meiosis remains unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to address this question....
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Abstract The changes in physiochemical properties of flours obtained from the four selected grains after germination were investigated. After germination, the sprout length of sorghum and millet was substantially larger than that of brown rice and oat. Germination led to a decrease in the apparent amylose content and swelling factor of flours. Gelatinization onset and peak temperatures increased after germination, while a slight decrease was found in conclusion temperature. Compared...
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Abstract A combination of sous-vide (SV) and enzymatic treatment (one commercial, Neutrase (NE), and two fruit-extracted enzymes obtained from kiwifruit and pineapple, KE and PE, respectively) was applied to pork fore shanks prepared at different temperatures (45, 60, 70, and 100 °C) for 0.5, 4 or 8 h, and the properties of pork were compared. For the hardness, SV itself resulted in a 27% decrease; however, a significant softening effect could be obtained by the addition of enzymes...
20h
Abstract Escape of cancer cells from chemotherapy is a problem in the management of cancer patients. Chemotherapy resistance research has mainly been focused on the heterogeneity of cancer cells, multiple gene mutations, and quiescence of malignant cancer cells. However, some studies have indicated that interactions between cancer cells and vascular cells promote resistance to chemotherapy. Here, we established mouse leukemia models using the cell lines THP‐1 or MEG‐1. These are derived from acute...
20h
Abstract Innate immune system, the first line of defense against pathogens, gets activated by nucleic acids from microbial invaders that are recognized by nucleic acid‐sensing receptors. Recent evidence affirms the ability of these receptors to respond to nucleic acids released by damaged cancer cells. Innate immune system is also involved in cancer immunosurveillance, may hence be modulated for devising effective antitumor therapies by targeting nucleic acid–sensing pathways. A systematic, comprehensive...
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Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. It has a poor prognosis because it is often diagnosed in the advanced stage when treatments are limited. In addition, the pathogenesis of HCC is not fully understood, which has affected the early diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Human alkaline ceramidase 2 (ACER2), a key enzyme that regulates the hydrolysis of cellular ceramides, affects the survival of cancer cells; however, its role in HCC has not been well...
20h
Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Epidermal growth factor receptor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) have often good clinical activity against non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating EGFR mutations. Osimertinib, which is third‐generation EGFR‐TKI, provides clinical effect even on NSCLC harboring the threonine to methionine change at codon 790 of EGFR (EGFR T790M) mutation that cause TKI resistance. However, most NSCLC patients develop acquired...
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Abstract In this phase II multicenter study (JALSG AML209‐FLT3‐SCT), we aimed to prospectively elucidate the role of allo‐HSCT at CR1 for FLT3‐ITD‐positive AML. Newly diagnosed de novo AML patients with FLT3‐ITD were enrolled at the achievement of CR1 and received allo‐HSCT as soon as possible after the first consolidation therapy. Mutations of 57 genes in AML cells at diagnosis were also analyzed. Among 48 eligible patients with a median age of 38.5 (17‐49) years, 36 (75%) received allo‐HSCT at...
20h
Abstract A novel EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), osimertinib, has marked efficacy in patients with EGFR‐mutant lung cancer. While epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a role in the resistance to various targeted drugs, its involvement in EGFR‐inhibitor resistance remains largely unknown. Pre‐clinical experiments with osimertinib‐resistant lung cancer cells showed that EMT was associated with decreased miR‐200c and increased ZEB1 expression. In several resistant clone cells, pre‐treatment...
20h
Temporal modulation of calcium sensing in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by store‐operated calcium entry (SOCE) inhibitors SKF and 2‐aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2‐APB) could be used to expand HSCs ex vivo. Human bone marrow (BM)‐HSC and mPB‐HSC are highly responsive to modulation of calcium‐sensing pathways in comparison with UBC HSCs. SKF and 2‐APB significantly increases CFU‐GEMM colonies. Abstract Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are known to reside in a bone marrow (BM) niche, which is...
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Food allergy (FA) has emerged as a life‐threatening disease worldwide with gastrointestinal damage. The imbalance of intestinal flora and immune response are related to food sensitivities. It is found that the interleukin‐33/suppression of tumorigenicity 2 pathway may involve the occurrence and development of allergic diseases. This study aimed to examine the relationships among gut microbiota, immune function, and FA, and evaluate the potential of an oral exposure to Bifidobacterium breve M‐16V...
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Co‐NMS could disrupt the mitochondrial function, and subsequently leading to severe impairments in the irradiated glioma cells. Meanwhile, Co‐NMS at 5 μM did not induce the apparent neurotoxicity in the zebrafish normal brain. Abstract We investigated the radiosensitizing effects of Co‐NMS, a derivative of nimesulide based on a cobalt carbonyl complex, on malignant glioma cells. In the zebrafish exposed to Co‐NMS ranging from 5 to 20 μM, cell death and heat shock protein 70 expression in the...
20h
In late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, several patients with viral pneumonia were identified as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019‐nCoV). So far, there are no specific treatments for patients with coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19), and the treatments available today are based on previous experience with similar viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome‐related coronavirus (SARS‐CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV), and Influenza virus. In patients with COVID‐19, hydroxychloroquine...
20h
Abstract Oxidative stress refers to elevated levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS homeostasis functions as a signaling pathway for normal cell survival and appropriate cell signaling. Chronic inflammation induced by imbalanced levels of ROS contributes to many diseases and different types of cancer. ROS can alter the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes through epigenetic modifications, transcription factors, and non‐coding RNAs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non‐coding...
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This study identified the deleterious effects of miR‐127‐5p on granulosa cells function and its predictive value in premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) process. The target gene HMGB2 could be considered as a new candidate for POI. This study highlights the importance of DNA repair capacity for ovarian function and sheds light on the epigenetic mechanism in the pathogenicity of POI. Abstract Distinct microRNA (miRNA) profiles have been reported in premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), but...
20h
In this study, we described our novel finding that the overexpression of Forkhead box C1 promoted Schwann cell migration via the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway to improve facial function after nerve crush injury. Our findings may lead to new treatment strategies for facial nerve injury. Abstract Facial paralysis can result in severe implications for patients. A good prognosis depends on the degree of nerve regeneration. Schwann cells (SCs) play an important role in facial nerve development and regeneration...
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Summary Objective This analysis of previously published reports was performed to examine the effects of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist treatment on adult height and the factors associated with adult height outcomes. Context GnRH agonists are first‐line agents in the treatment of precocious puberty. However, studies regarding the treatment effect on subjects with early puberty have reported inconsistent results. Design A total of 14 studies identified from a search of...
20h
SEM, XRD, and EDX techniques were carried out for the characterization of CoO and CaO‐Al2O3 nano‐catalysts. Cobalt oxide demonstrates homogenous distribution along with sponge like morphology. SEM of CaO‐Al2O3showed random morphology. CaO‐Al2O3comprehend aluminum 7.45 wt% and 6.93 atomic percent. The aforementioned techniques were significantly efficient for the characterization of nano‐catalysts. Abstract The Cobalt Oxide and Calcium‐Aluminum Oxide nano‐catalysts were analyzed using...
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Abstract Background Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in staging of advanced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and at 3 months posttreatment (PETpost) is often utilized to assess response. The significance of lymph node vs primary site treatment response is incompletely understood. Methods We reviewed 230 patients treated with radiation therapy. PETpost response was graded at primary and nodal sites and correlated with survival. Results Median age...
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A hare's dream came out on top in the GDT Nature Photographer of the Year 2020 competition, while images of a Bavarian forest, a flock of snow geese and a crocodile were also winners
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Abstract In this study, the forest landscape in the Beijing mountain area is assessed using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs model. The results showed the natural forests have higher functional capital than the planted forests and different species contribute to different ecological functions. Specifically, Larix gmelinii forests have the highest water resources and soil conservation function which are about 334.14 m3 hm−2 year−1 and 115.92 t hm−2 year−1;...
21h
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