Abstract Background Previous studies have reported an increased fracture risk after bariatric surgery. Objective To investigate the association between different bariatric surgery procedures and fracture risk. Methods Incidence rates and hazard ratios for fracture events were analysed in the Swedish Obese Subjects study; an ongoing, nonrandomized, prospective, controlled intervention study. Hazard ratios were adjusted for risk factors for osteoporosis and year of inclusion....
07:11
Abstract Pathology is the cornerstone of cancer care. The need for accuracy in histopathologic diagnosis of cancer is increasing as personalized cancer therapy requires accurate biomarker assessment. The appearance of digital image analysis holds promise to improve both the volume and precision of histomorphological evaluation. Recently, machine learning, and particularly deep learning, has enabled rapid advances in computational pathology. The integration of machine learning into routine...
05:13
Abstract Gliomas are the most common malignant tumor in the central nervous system and are also one of the leading causes of death in cancer patients. Recently, mounting evidence suggested that both long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs play important roles in the proliferation and invasion of cancers, including gliomas. However, the role of lncRNA RP11‐626G11.3 in glioma‐genesis is still uncovered. Results indicated that lncRNA RP11‐626G11.3 was up‐regulated in glioma tissues and cell lines,...
06:49
Abstract Overexpression of RAD51 is found in many cancers including breast cancer and is associated with poor survival. Compared with normal cells, RAD51 promoter is hyperactive in cancer cells indicating that RAD51 is transcriptionally activated. However, little is known about the mechanisms and factors involved in RAD51 transcription regulation. Transcription corepressor, C‐terminal binding protein 1 (CtBP1), is an oncogene repressing a panel of tumor suppressors transcription, which contributes...
Tue Mar 03, 2020 12:45
Abstract Objective Illness uncertainty is a significant source of psychological distress that affects cancer patients' quality of life (QOL). Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Theory (UIT) proposes that illness uncertainty influences an individual's use of coping strategies, and directly and indirectly influences their QOL. This study tested the relationships depicted in the adapted UIT in cancer patients. Methods This cross‐sectional study is a secondary analysis of the baseline data...
06:41
Abstract Objectives The impact of religion/spirituality (R/S) on cancer outcomes, including health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), has been the topic of much investigation. Reports of the opposite, i.e., the impact of cancer on R/S and associations with HRQoL, are few. The current study sought to explore the positive and negative impacts of cancer on the religious faith of survivors as well as the associations of such impacts with HRQoL. Methods Participants included 2309 9‐year...
06:41
06:26
Abstract Purpose To report acute toxicities in breast cancer (BC) patients (pts) recruited in a prospective trial and treated with accelerated partial-breast irradiation (APBI) using Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) delivered with a hypofractionated schedule. Methods From March 2014 to June 2019, pts with early-stage BC (Stage I), who underwent...
02:00
Chemo-radiotherapy integration in unresectable locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a review
Abstract Approximately one-third of all non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are locally-advanced at diagnosis, and 15–17% of these tumors are unresectable at presentation. Definitive chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) represents the standard therapeutic approach. However, the literature has shown that only 15% of patients are alive at 5 years and this percentage has remained unchanged despite various attempts of improvement. The recent introduction of immunotherapy has not only strongly...
02:00
Abstract Background Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) have a high risk of relapse in spite of the use of (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy. In this context, looking for new prognostic biomarkers is an interesting field of research. Our aim is to analyze the prognostic impact of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and other serum markers in patients with STS who received chemotherapy with curative intent. ...
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Abstract Purpose Research indicates that rheumatic disorders are accompanied by decreased chemosensory function. The present study aimed to specifically evaluate this issue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods 212 RA patients (43 men, 169 women, mean age 59 ± 13.3 years), and 30 healthy controls (10 men, 20 women, mean age 40 ± 15.3 years),...
02:00
Abstract Purpose We aimed to ascertain whether using an aggressive initial surgical protocol would reduce the need for repeated sinus surgery in patients with acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS). Methods Patients with AIFS prospectively underwent clinicoradiological assessment followed by bilateral functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and debridement...
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Abstract Oral positioning radiotherapy stents are devices that protect healthy structures adjacent to the target volume of head and neck radiotherapy treatment, leading to reduced acute and chronic side effects. It is described here a digital workflow to produce an oral positioning radiotherapy stent and analyze its efficacy by measuring dosimetric variations with and without this stent. An oral positioning radiotherapy stent was created according to a digital workflow that included intraoral scanning,...
06:02
Abstract Purpose To compare in vitro fracture load, surface wear, and roughness after thermal cycling and cyclic mechanical fatigue loading among cemented microhybrid resin‐based composite and ceramic occlusal veneers fabricated at two thicknesses (1.5 and 2.5 mm). Materials and Methods Sixty‐four extracted premolars without root canal treatment were prepared and restored with occlusal veneers of two thicknesses (1.5 and 2.5 mm), using four different materials: microhybrid composite...
Tue Mar 03, 2020 14:06
Abstract Glutathione S-transferase Pi (GSTP1) was originally identified as one of the cytosolic phase II detoxification enzymes and was also considered to function via its non-catalytic, ligand-binding activity. Autophagy is a self-protective mechanism of the cell to remove unnecessary or dysfunctional components, which plays a crucial role in balancing the beneficial and detrimental effects of immunity and inflammation. However, little...
02:00
Abstract Although the E3 ubiquitin ligase Zinc and ring finger 3 (ZNRF3) negatively regulates the Wnt signaling pathway, its function in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is elusive. Here, the effects and the mechanism of ZNRF3 on a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) obtained from RA patients were determined. Our results showed that ZNRF3 was highly expressed in tissues and FLSs compared...
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Abstract Sodium butyrate (NaBu), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has shown to exert beneficial actions attenuating inflammation in a number of intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. However, the effects of NaBu on persistent inflammatory processes as in a response to implantation of foreign material have not been investigated. Synthetic matrix of polyether-polyurethane sponge was implanted in mice’s subcutaneous layer of the dorsal...
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Summary Ichthyoses comprise a heterogeneous group of hereditary disorders of keratinization characterized by a highly varied clinical picture. A distinction is made between common hereditary ichthyoses (ichthyosis vulgaris and X‐linked ichthyosis), which usually manifest themselves in the first year of life, and rare, sometimes severe congenital ichthyoses. Patients with very mild symptoms often do not even realize they have ichthyosis. The diagnosis is usually based on clinical evaluation. Molecular...
05:45
Abstract Background & objective Tracheostomy patients often have cough and early post‐operative pain problems. Typically, patients will receive a normal sterile saline (NSS) nebulizer via a tracheostomy tube. The goal of this research was to establish whether the use of lidocaine together with NSS nebulization through a tracheostoma would be more effective at reducing the cough and pain symptoms compared to the standard NSS nebulization. Materials & methods This prospective, cross‐over...
05:34
Abstract The authors provide an updated, systematic and comprehensive summary of the literature concerning management of the N0 neck in patients for whom primary irradiation for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx has been unsuccessful and salvage surgery in the form of total laryngectomy (TL) advocated. Bibliographic databases MEDLINE, Cochrane, Pubmed and EMBASE were searched from inception to April 2019, with no language restrictions. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and...
05:34
Hypoxia is a hallmark of solid cancers, supporting proliferation, angiogenesis and escape from apoptosis. There is still limited understanding of how cancer cells adapt to hypoxic conditions and survive. We analyzed transcriptome changes of human lung and breast cancer cells under chronic hypoxia. Hypoxia induced highly concordant changes in transcript abundance, but divergent splicing responses, underlining the cell type-specificity of alternative splicing programs. While RNA-binding proteins were...
Tue Mar 03, 2020 22:32
Group II introns are mobile genetic elements that perform both self-splicing and intron mobility reactions. These ribozymes are comprised of a catalytic RNA core that binds to an intron-encoded protein (IEP) to form a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. Splicing proceeds through two competing reactions: hydrolysis or branching. Group IIC intron ribozymes have a minimal RNA architecture, and splice almost exclusively through hydrolysis in ribozyme reactions. Addition of the IEP allows the splicing reaction...
Tue Mar 03, 2020 18:30
Abstract Background Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are released in response to stress situations, such as heat, inflammation, infection. They are also involved in the tumor cell proliferation and prevention of apoptosis. Heat shock protein 105 (Hsp105/110) is a high‐molecular‐weight protein which has been reported in many cancer types but few studies have been carried out on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In the current study we have focused on HSP105 expression on OSCC and evaluated their...
05:22
AbstractBenign myofibroblastic lesions can clinically and histologically be mistaken for sarcoma. Excessive and potentially disfiguring surgical treatment can be avoided by ruling out malignancy. We present the case of a low-grade, myofibroblastic lesion of the lip, which shows how detailed clinical examination rather than reliance on histopathological information alone helped to achieve this. Differential diagnoses of myofibroblastic lesions are also discussed.
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
AbstractWe are reporting a case of internal herniation of the bowel through the foramen of Winslow. This is a very rare condition that prompts an urgent operative intervention due to its potential fatal complications, as it is usually accompanied by bowel strangulation and ischemia. Due to the vague clinical picture, the diagnosis only reached using imaging techniques such as computed tomography or as a surgical surprise during the operation. Key aspects of surgical interventions are hernia reduction,...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
AbstractAlthough osteochondritis dissecans (OD) is well-described in the bibliography, cases of OD in the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP) are rare clinical situations. We present a 25-year-old male who presented to our department for big toe pain on the left side. Clinical and radiological examination showed the typical findings of OD lesion on the 1st metatarsal head (MH), establishing the diagnosis of OD. Intraoperatively the articular cartilage of the partially detached part of the MH was...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
AbstractThe atlas (C1) and axis (C2) have distinct morphologies to support the skull and facilitate head rotation and neck flexion. Congenital defects of C1 posterior arch are rare. We present a case of a 59-year-old man with both an absent C1 posterior arch with concomitant os odontoideum. The patient presented with neck crepitus, moderate neck pain and progressive worsening upper limbs paraesthesia and pain. Computed tomography (CT) revealed non-union between the odontoid process and body of axis...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
AbstractAcute appendicitis is the most common surgical pathology worldwide, frequently, the patient history and clinical examination are so similar to other appendicular pathologies that preoperative diagnosis is almost impossible for the medical team. Neuroma of the appendix is a rare tumor of neural origin that usually resembles the symptoms of acute appendicitis. Pathology along with close follow-ups are key, as the diagnosis is based on the presence of nerve neuronal cells in the appendicular...
Mon Mar 02, 2020 02:00
Abstract Objectives Conventional guided bone regeneration (GBR) limits the amount of bone graft due to limited soft tissue expansion. We hypothesize that the use of tissue expander will successfully augment soft tissue prior to bone graft, allowing for sufficient amount of grafting which will lead to a more stable and effective vertical bone graft. The authors aimed to evaluate effectiveness of the novel self‐inflating tissue expander for vertical augmentation in terms of soft tissue expansion,...
04:54
Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between OHRQoL and General health‐related quality of life (GHRQoL) in partially edentulous patients before and after implant placement. Material and methods After obtaining informed consent, using convenient sampling method, 102 participants (64 female and 38 male participants with an age range of 18‐81 years) were included in the study. Participants were required to fill EuroQol‐5D (EQ‐5D) and The Oral Health...
04:54
Purpose. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were evaluated in the phase 3 IMmotion151 trial (NCT02420821) to inform overall treatment/disease burden of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab versus sunitinib in patients with previously untreated metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Experimental design. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive atezolizumab 1200 mg IV q3w plus bevacizumab 15 mg/kg IV q3w or sunitinib 50 mg PO QD 4 weeks on/2 weeks off. Patients completed the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI),...
Tue Mar 03, 2020 17:29
The adoptive transfer of genetically engineered Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells has opened a new frontier in cancer therapy. Unlike the paradigm of targeted therapies, the efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy depends not only on the choice of target, but also on a complex interplay of tumor, immune, and stromal cell communication. This presents both challenges and opportunities from a discovery standpoint. Whereas cancer consortia have traditionally focused on the genomic, transcriptomic, epigenomic,...
Tue Mar 03, 2020 17:29
Purpose: Inter-patient clinical variability in soft tissue sarcomas (STS) highlights the need for novel prognostic markers supporting patient risk stratification. As sarcomas might exhibit a more mesenchymal or a more epithelial state, we focused on epithelial-mesenchymal and mesenchymal-epithelial transitions (EMT/MET) for prognostic clues, and selected three histotypes with variable aggressiveness. Experimental Design: The expression of EMT/MET-related factors was measured by qRT-PCR in 55 tumor...
Tue Mar 03, 2020 17:29
Gene drives use genetic engineering to create a desired mutation in a few individuals that then spreads via mating throughout a population in fewer than 10 generations.
00:53
In animals, releasing eggs in a timely manner is vital to maximize the chances of successful fertilization. However, how this process evolved and is controlled in different species is poorly understood. A new regulator of egg release has been identified in jellyfish. The finding sheds light on how the complex hormonal control of sexual reproduction in animals evolved.
Tue Mar 03, 2020 22:56
Abstract Patient‐specific medical image‐based computational fluid dynamics has been widely used to reveal fundamental insight into mechanisms of cardiovascular disease, for instance, correlating morphology to adverse vascular remodeling. However, segmentation of medical images is laborious, error‐prone, and a bottleneck in the development of large databases that are needed to capture the natural variability in morphology. Instead, idealized models, where morphological features are parameterized,...
04:38
Abstract The current gold standard diagnostic test for colorectal cancer remains histological inspections of endoluminal neoplasia in biopsy specimens. However, biopsy site selection requires visual inspection of the bowel, typically with a white‐light endoscope. Therefore, this technique is poorly suited to detect small or innocuous‐appearing lesions. We hypothesize that an alternative modality – multi‐wavelength spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) – would be able to differentiate various...
04:30
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