The pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis involves B cells. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies that induce B-cell depletion, such as rituximab and ocrelizumab, are effective disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis. Ofatumumab, a fully human antibody that is used to treat chronic leukemia,…
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
Specialty drugs such as direct-acting antiviral agents for hepatitis C and biologic agents for multiple sclerosis or rheumatoid arthritis are important therapeutic advances because they are more effective and less toxic than previous treatments for these conditions. However, over the past decade,…
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
Zika virus is a flavivirus that is transmitted to humans primarily by the bite of an infected mosquito of the aedes genus. Sexual transmission and transmission of Zika virus from mother to fetus have also been reported. Congenital Zika virus infection can cause serious defects of the brain and eye…
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
Implantable cardioverter–defibrillators (ICDs) have been proven to be efficacious in the prevention of sudden cardiac death. Transvenous lead placement for cardiac sensing and defibrillation has been the standard for ICD design for several decades. However, important limitations of the technique…
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
Summative academic reports rarely change the trajectory of an entire health care conversation, but some do. Take the Flexner Report on medical education or the Surgeon General’s 1964 report on smoking, for example. To that short list, the Institute of Medicine (IOM, now the National Academy of…
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
"Last abortion clinic in Toledo shuts down," the Columbus Dispatch announced in a Facebook post on September 18, 2019. The clinic and its supporters responded on social media sites using the hashtag #ThisClinicStaysOpen. In fact, the Toledo, Ohio, clinic has remained continuously open since…
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
Foreword. This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the authors’ clinical recommendations. Stage. A 72-year-old…
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
Since the onset of the Covid-19 crisis in the United States, government action taken to "flatten" the curve of disease transmission has varied dramatically among states, counties, and cities. The early epicenters — New York City, Washington State, and the San Francisco Bay Area — implemented…
Wed Aug 05, 2020 03:00
Dozens of asylum seekers used to arrive at Puerto Fronterizo El Chaparral in Tijuana at the break of dawn each day, where they would be corralled within makeshift metal barriers. Children lay sprawled on the concrete, heads nestled in parents’ laps after the disorienting trip from the crowded…
Wed Aug 05, 2020 03:00
One Saturday morning, an ICU physician called and asked me to talk to a family with whom the team was having difficulty establishing care goals for the family’s loved one. The team knew I’d recently seen the patient for a neurosurgery consult and the family trusted me. The patient was a young Black…
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
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