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Πέμπτη 6 Αυγούστου 2020

 

DNA from an ancient, unidentified ancestor was passed down to humans living today
A new analysis of ancient genomes suggests that different branches of the human family tree interbred multiple times, and that some humans carry DNA from an archaic, unknown ancestor.
Evolutionary Biology News -- ScienceDaily
Thu Aug 06, 2020 22:35
[ASAP] Photochemically Crushable and Regenerative Metal–Organic Framework
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06615
Journal of the American Chemical Society: Latest Articles (ACS Publications)
Thu Aug 06, 2020 07:00
[ASAP] Chiral and SHG-Active Metal–Organic Frameworks Formed in Solution and on Surfaces: Uniformity, Morphology Control, Oriented Growth, and Postassembly Functionalization
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05384
Journal of the American Chemical Society: Latest Articles (ACS Publications)
Thu Aug 06, 2020 07:00
[ASAP] Woven Polymer Networks via the Topological Transformation of a [2]Catenane
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06416
Journal of the American Chemical Society: Latest Articles (ACS Publications)
Thu Aug 06, 2020 07:00
[ASAP] Synthesis of Vinylene-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks from Acetonitrile: Combining Cyclotrimerization and Aldol Condensation in One Pot
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04570
Journal of the American Chemical Society: Latest Articles (ACS Publications)
Thu Aug 06, 2020 07:00
[ASAP] Reversible Formation of Alkyl Radicals at [Fe<sub>4</sub>S<sub>4</sub>] Clusters and Its Implications for Selectivity in Radical SAM Enzymes
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05590
Journal of the American Chemical Society: Latest Articles (ACS Publications)
Thu Aug 06, 2020 07:00
[ASAP] An [Fe<sub>4</sub>S<sub>4</sub>]<sup>3+</sup>–Alkyl Cluster Stabilized by an Expanded Scorpionate Ligand
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06334
Journal of the American Chemical Society: Latest Articles (ACS Publications)
Thu Aug 06, 2020 07:00
Outcomes of Femtosecond Laser Arcuate Incisions in the Treatment of Low Corneal Astigmatism
Clinical Ophthalmology
02:26
Human Frequency Following Responses to Filtered Speech
Objectives: There is increasing interest in using the frequency following response (FFR) to describe the effects of varying different aspects of hearing aid signal processing on brainstem neural representation of speech. To this end, recent studies have examined the effects of filtering on brainstem neural representation of the speech fundamental frequency (f0) in listeners with normal hearing sensitivity by measuring FFRs to low- and high-pass filtered signals. However, the stimuli used in these...
Ear and Hearing - Published Ahead-of-Print
Tue Aug 04, 2020 03:00
Diagnostic Accuracy of Intracochlear Test Electrode for Acoustic Nerve Monitoring in Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery
Objectives: Cochlear implants (CIs) are a well-known hearing restoration option for patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS) in cases of neurofibromatosis type-2 and, more recently, for patients with sporadic VS. One of the main limitations when performing CI during VS surgery is the capability to preserve the acoustic nerve (AN) anatomically and functionally. Significant efforts have been directed toward developing an intraoperative testing method for monitoring the AN function to determine if,...
Ear and Hearing - Published Ahead-of-Print
Tue Aug 04, 2020 03:00
The Challenge of Listening at Home: Speech and Noise Levels in Homes of Young Children With Hearing Loss
Objectives: The objective of this study was to characterize the acoustics of the home environment of young children with hearing loss. Specifically, we aimed to quantify the range of speech levels, noise levels, and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) encountered by children with hearing loss in their homes. Design: Nine families participated in the study. The children with hearing loss in these families were between 2 and 5 years of age. Acoustic recordings were made in the children’s homes over...
Ear and Hearing - Published Ahead-of-Print
Tue Aug 04, 2020 03:00
Covid-19 Lockdown Affects Hearing Disability and Handicap in Diverse Ways: A Rapid Online Survey Study
Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the perceived effects of Covid-19 social distancing restrictions and safety measures on people with hearing loss. Design: Participants were 129 adults (48.1% female, mean age 64.4 years) with an audiometric hearing loss, living in Glasgow, Scotland. A rapidly deployed 24-item online questionnaire asked about the effects of certain aspects of lockdown, including face masks, social distancing, and video calling, on participants’ behaviour, emotions,...
Ear and Hearing - Published Ahead-of-Print
Tue Aug 04, 2020 03:00
Place-Pitch Interval Perception With a Cochlear Implant
Objectives: Pitch is poorly perceived by cochlear implant (CI) users. However, as it is not well understood how pitch is encoded with electric stimulation, improving pitch representation with a CI is challenging. Changes in place of stimulation along the cochlea have been described as changes in pitch and can be accurately ranked by CI users. However, it remains unknown if place-pitch can be used to encode musical intervals, which are a necessary attribute of pitch. The objective of these experiments...
Ear and Hearing - Published Ahead-of-Print
Tue Aug 04, 2020 03:00
Pseudohypertriglyceridemia: A Novel Case with Important Clinical Implications
Pseudohypertriglyceridemia is an overestimation of serum triglyceride levels that may incorrectly lead to a diagnosis of hypertriglyceridemia. Glycerol kinase deficiency is a condition in which glycerol cannot be phosphorylated to glycerol-3-phosphate, resulting in elevated levels of serum glycerol. Laboratory assays that measure triglycerides indirectly may be affected by elevated glyerol levels and incorrectly report serum tryglyceride levels. We present a case of a novel missense mutation in the...
Case Reports in Pediatrics
Thu Aug 06, 2020 17:05
Reduction of SCUBE3 by a new marine-derived asterosaponin leads to arrest of glioma cells in G1/S
Oncogenesis, Published online: 06 August 2020; doi:10.1038/s41389-020-00252-4Reduction of SCUBE3 by a new marine-derived asterosaponin leads to arrest of glioma cells in G1/S
Oncogenesis - nature.com science feeds
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
Reduction of SCUBE3 by a new marine-derived asterosaponin leads to arrest of glioma cells in G1/S
Oncogenesis - nature.com science feeds
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Hong Kong-Chinese Version of Children's Voice Handicap Index
This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and validate a Hong Kong Chinese version of the Children's Voice Handicap Index (CVHI-10(HK)) and to examine its psychometric properties as a measure of quality of life in dysphonic children.
Journal of Voice
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
COVID-19 After Effects: Concerns for Singers
Many discussions about assessing the risk of COVID-19 center around three possible outcomes: 1) avoiding infection altogether, 2) contracting COVID-19 illness and recovering, and 3) contracting COVID-19 illness and dying. Another outcome must be considered: contracting COVID-19 illness, surviving, and living with its sequelae, or aftereffects.
Journal of Voice
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
N-acetylcysteine as an adjunctive treatment for bipolar depression and major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trials
Abstract Rationale It remains unclear whether using N-acetylcysteine as an adjunctive treatment has any benefit for bipolar depression and major depressive disorder. Objectives A systematic review and random-effect meta-analysis of double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trials was conducted to explore the clinical question. ...
Latest Results for Psychopharmacology
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
New Labels for Old Ideas: Predictive Processing and the Interpretation of Neural Signals
Abstract Philosophical proponents of predictive processing cast the novelty of predictive models of perception in terms of differences in the functional role and information content of neural signals. However, they fail to provide constraints on how the crucial semantic mapping from signals to their informational contents is determined. Beyond a novel interpretative gloss on neural signals, they have little new to say about the causal structure of the system,...
Latest Results for Review of Philosophy and Psychology
Thu Aug 06, 2020 03:00
Unraveling the proteomic changes involved in the resistance response of Cajanus platycarpus to herbivory by Helicoverpa armigera
Abstract The pigeonpea wild relative Cajanus platycarpus is resistant to Helicoverpa armigera, one of the major pests responsible for yield losses in Cajanus cajan. Deciphering the molecular mechanism underlying host plant resistance is pertinent to identify proteins that aid in the mitigation of the insect pest. The present study adopted comparative proteomics as a tool to interpret the resistance mechanism(s) in C. platycarpus vis-à-vis C. cajan during...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Construction and characterization of a class-specific single-chain variable fragment against pyrethroid metabolites
Abstract Pyrethroids are insecticides that are widely used in rural and urban areas worldwide. After entering the environment, pyrethroids are rapidly metabolized or degraded by various biological or abiotic methods. In this study, a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) which could simultaneously detect three pyrethroid metabolites was constructed based on a hybridoma raised against 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA). By molecular docking, it showed that...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Loss of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inner core increases the electrocompetence of Escherichia coli
Abstract Mutations that shorten the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Escherichia coli were found to significantly increase the number of transformants after electroporation. The loss of the LPS outer core increased the number of transformants with plasmid pAmCyan (3.3 kb) from 5.0 × 105 colony-forming units (CFU)/μg in the wild-type E. coli BW25113 to 3.3 × 107 CFU/μg in a ΔwaaG background, a 66.2-fold increase in efficiency. Truncation of the inner core...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Surfactin and fengycin B extracted from Bacillus pumilus W-7 provide protection against potato late blight via distinct and synergistic mechanisms
Abstract Potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is one of the most serious plant diseases worldwide. Cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) extracted from Bacillus strains exhibit a promising effect in the biocontrol of a variety of phytopathogens. However, the specific inhibitory effects and underlying mechanisms of CLPs against P. infestans are poorly understood. In this study, we showed that Bacillus pumilus W-7 can inhibit the growth of P. infestans...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Microbiota composition of captive bluestreak cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus (Valenciennes, 1839)
Abstract The Labroides dimidiatus is one of the most traded marine ornamental fishes worldwide, yet not much is known about the microflora associated with this fish. This study is designed to investigate the bacteria composition associated with captive L. dimidiatus and its surrounding aquarium water. The fish and carriage water were obtained from well-known ornamental fish suppliers in Terengganu Malaysia. Bacteria present on the skin and in the stomach...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius Ren prevent dimethylhydrazine-induced colorectal cancer through protein kinase B inhibition
Abstract Probiotics are known to be a potential agent for colorectal cancer (CRC) inhibition, but the precise mechanisms by which probiotic exert anti-tumorigenic effects remain to be explored. Lactobacillus salivarius (LS) Ren was isolated from centenarians living in Bama of China, which showed an anticancer potent in animal model of oral cancer. Here, we investigated the effect of LS on colorectal carcinogenesis and its putative mechanism. Oral administration of LS effectively...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
A novel lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase for soybean oil refining provides higher yields and extra nutritional value with a cleaner process
Abstract The growing demand for food and biofuels urges the vegetable oil processing industry to adopt cleaner technologies to mitigate the environmental pollution caused by chemical refining processes. Over the past decade, several enzymatic methods have proven to be efficient at reducing the generated waste, but improving the benefit-cost ratio is still necessary for the widespread adoption of this technology. In this work, we show that lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Identification and characterization of a novel bifunctional cellulase/hemicellulase from a soil metagenomic library
Abstract Microbes, especially the uncultured microbes, have been considered as an important resource for discovery of novel cellulases. In this study, a novel bifunctional cellulase/hemicellulase (ZFYN184) was identified by functional screening of a soil metagenomic library. Sequence analysis indicated that ZFYN184 shared at best 39% identity with glycoside hydrolase family 44 (GH44) proteins and contained a glutamic acid residue at 235 acting as the...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
A novel AA10 from Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus and its synergistic action on crystalline and complex polysaccharides
Abstract Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) play an important role in the degradation of complex polysaccharides in lignocellulosic biomass. In the present study, we characterized a modular LPMO (PcAA10A), consisting of a family 10 auxiliary activity of LPMO (AA10) catalytic domain, and non-catalytic domains including a family 5 carbohydrate-binding module, two fibronectin type-3 domains, and a family 3 carbohydrate-binding module from Paenibacillus...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
fat-1 transgenic zebrafish are protected from abnormal lipid deposition induced by high-vegetable oil feeding
Abstract High dietary concentration of vegetable oil, particularly those rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), can induce negative physiological effects including excessive lipid deposition in teleost fish. Omega-3 desaturase (Fat-1) of Caenorhabditis elegans is able to convert n-6 PUFAs to n-3 PUFAs and thus induces a low n-6/n-3 PUFAs ratio alleviating lipid deposition. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary n-6 PUFAs on lipid...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Catalytically-active inclusion bodies for biotechnology—general concepts, optimization, and application
Abstract Bacterial inclusion bodies (IBs) have long been considered as inactive, unfolded waste material produced by heterologous overexpression of recombinant genes. In industrial applications, they are occasionally used as an alternative in cases where a protein cannot be expressed in soluble form and in high enough amounts. Then, however, refolding approaches are needed to transform inactive IBs into active soluble protein. While anecdotal reports...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Perspectives for the microbial production of ethyl acetate
Abstract Ethyl acetate is one of the short-chain esters and widely used in the food, beverage, and solvent areas. The ethyl acetate production currently proceeds through unsustainable and energy intensive processes, which are based on natural gas and crude oil. Microbial conversion of biomass-derived sugars into ethyl acetate may provide a sustainable alternative. In this review, the perspectives of bio-catalyzing ethanol and acetic acid to ethyl acetate...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Transcriptional regulatory proteins in central carbon metabolism of Pichia pastoris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Abstract System-wide interactions in living cells and discovery of the diverse roles of transcriptional regulatory proteins that are mediator proteins with catalytic domains and regulatory subunits and transcription factors in the cellular pathways have become crucial for understanding the cellular response to environmental conditions. This review provides information for future metabolic engineering strategies through analyses on the highly interconnected...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Assessment of ethanol tolerance of Kluyveromyces marxianus CCT 7735 selected by adaptive laboratory evolution
Abstract Kluyveromyces marxianus CCT 7735 shows potential for producing ethanol from lactose; however, its low ethanol tolerance is a drawback for its industrial application. The first aim of this study was to obtain four ethanol-tolerant K. marxianus CCT 7735 strains (ETS1, ETS2, ETS3, and ETS4) by adaptive laboratory evolution. The second aim was to select among them the strain that stood out and to evaluate metabolic changes associated with the improved...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Uncovering mechanisms of greengage wine fermentation against acidic stress via genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolic analyses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Abstract Acid stress is one of the most common adverse conditions during fermentation of fruit wines, and the acid tolerance of yeasts is, therefore, critical for fruit wine production. However, the biological mechanism underlying the acquired tolerance of yeasts against acid stress is poorly understood. We have previously obtained an evolved Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain ET008-c54 with increased tolerance against acid stress, and potentially, it serves...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Effect of quorum sensing and quorum sensing inhibitors on the expression of serine protease gene in Hafnia alvei H4
Abstract The serp gene codes for a protease that is considered to be an important factor associated with quorum sensing (QS)–based food spoilage caused by microorganisms. In this study, we evaluated the effect of temperature (4–37 °C) and QS inhibitors on the production of N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones (AHLs) and relative expression of the luxR/I, as well as serp in Hafnia alvei H4. Production of AHLs and expression of luxR/I were found to reach maximum levels at 10 °C, suggesting...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Lactobacillus salivarius LI01 encapsulated in alginate-pectin microgels ameliorates d -galactosamine-induced acute liver injury in rats
Abstract Acute liver failure is a clinical emergency associated with high mortality. Accumulating evidence indicates that gut microbiota participates in the progression of liver injury, and preventive therapies based on altering gut microbiota are of great interest. Previous studies demonstrated that Lactobacillus salivarius LI01 attenuates hepatic injury, though efficiency in curtailed in the harsh environment in the gastrointestinal tract. In this...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Biofilm-based fermentation: a novel immobilisation strategy for Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle progression during ethanol production
Abstract Biofilm-based fermentation, as a new immobilisation strategy, is beneficial for industrial fermentation due to its excellent environmental resistance, high productivity and continuous fermentation relative to calcium alginate-immobilised fermentation. These two techniques differ mainly regarding cell stages. Here, we describe the cell phenotype of Saccharomyces cerevisiae biofilm-based fermentation and compare cell cycle stages with those during...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42
Reductive soil disinfestation incorporated with organic residue combination significantly improves soil microbial activity and functional diversity than sole residue incorporation
Abstract Reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) is an effective agricultural practice to eliminate soil-borne pathogens that heavily relies on the organic substrate used. However, the influences of combined application of organic residues on disinfestation efficiency, soil microbiomes, and their associated functional characteristics are still not well-characterized. In this work, four treatments, i.e., untreated soil (CK), RSD with 15 t ha−1 sugarcane bagasse...
Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
09:42

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