BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Placement of a stent within a flow diverter has been described previously but its consequences have not been analyzed. We evaluated the clinical and angiographic results of stent placement within a flow diverter during the same treatment session. MATERIALS AND METHODS:All patients treated with a Surpass flow diverter were retrospectively evaluated. Patients with previously deployed stents and procedures in which scaffolding stents, a second flow diverter, or intrasaccular...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
SUMMARY:Desmoplastic infantile tumors are rare supratentorial brain tumors that occur in pediatric patients. Desmoplastic infantile tumors are made up of 2 subtypes: desmoplastic infantile gangliogliomas and desmoplastic infantile astrocytomas. Desmoplastic infantile tumors are often identifiable on imaging on the basis of multiple characteristics. Nevertheless, pathologic analysis is required to confirm the diagnosis, particularly when the imaging features are atypical. Here, the radiology findings,...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Early diagnosis and treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis are crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to investigate the role of 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling in herpes simplex encephalitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS:From 2014 to 2019, seventeen consecutive patients with herpes simplex encephalitis and 15 healthy volunteers were recruited in the study. Conventional MR imaging and 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling were performed in all subjects....
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors and pineoblastomas have traditionally been grouped together for treatment purposes. Molecular profiling of these tumors has revealed a number of distinct entities and has led to the term "CNS-primitive neuroectodermal tumors" being removed from the 2016 World Health Organization classification. The purpose of this study was to describe the MR imaging findings of histologically diagnosed primitive neuroectodermal tumors and pineoblastomas...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
SUMMARY:The use of transoral sonography–guided fine-needle aspiration for intraoperative localization of retropharyngeal masses has been described by Fornage et al. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of this technique. We reviewed the images and medical records of 26 patients with a retropharyngeal lesion suspicious for a metastatic lymph node of Rouviere identified on CT and/or PET/CT. There were 14 patients with a history of thyroid cancer, 7 with mucosal squamous cell carcinoma,...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Diffuse midline gliomas with histone H3 K27M mutation are biologically aggressive tumors with poor prognosis defined as a new diagnostic entity in the 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System. There are no qualitative imaging differences (enhancement, border, or central necrosis) between histone H3 wildtype and H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas. Herein, we evaluated the utility of diffusion-weighted imaging to distinguish H3...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In addition to the 4 histopathologically defined entities of medulloblastoma, 4 distinct genetically defined subgroups have been included in the World Health Organization classification of 2016. The smallest subgroup is the medulloblastoma with activated wingless pathway. The goal of this study was to identify a typical MR imaging morphology in a larger number of pediatric patients with wingless pathway medulloblastoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS:From January 2001 to October 2017,...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Postoperative rupture of intracranial aneurysm has been reported as a fatal complication after flow-diverter placement. We assessed several hemodynamic variables to explore risk factors in the postoperative rupture process. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We enrolled 10 patients with intracranial aneurysms, treated with flow diverters between September 2014 and December 2018, who experienced postoperative aneurysm rupture (postoperative aneurysm rupture group). We matched these subjects...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND:The detection of incidental findings on children's brain MR imaging poses various practical issues because the life-long implications of such findings may be profound. PURPOSE:Our aim was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of incidental brain MR imaging findings in children. DATA SOURCES:Electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane) were searched for articles published between 1985 to July 2018, with the following search terms: "incidental," "findings," "brain," "MR imaging."...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Despite several retrospective studies showing the safety and efficacy of transradial access for cerebral angiography, neurointerventionalists are apprehensive about implementing TRA for neurointerventions. This reluctance is mainly due to anatomic factors, technical factors, and a long learning curve (relative to transfemoral access). We present here our experience of TRA transition for cerebral aneurysm embolization. Our aim was to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Various pathologic and nonpathologic states result in brain parenchymal signal intensity changes on unenhanced T1-weighted MR imaging. However, the absence of quantitative data to characterize typical age-related signal intensity values limits evaluation. We sought to establish a range of age-dependent brain parenchymal signal intensity values on unenhanced T1WI in a sample of individuals (18 years of age or younger) with structurally normal brains. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
SUMMARY:Metal hardware serves as a common artifact source in spine CT imaging in the form of beam-hardening, photon starvation, and streaking. Postprocessing metal artifact reduction techniques have been developed to decrease these artifacts, which has been proved to improve visualization of soft-tissue structures and increase diagnostic confidence. However, metal artifact reduction reconstruction introduces its own novel artifacts that can mimic pathology.
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Research into memory deficits associated with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy has typically focused on the hippocampus, but there is emerging evidence that the medial diencephalon may also be compromised. We hypothesized that mammillary body damage occurs in perinatal asphyxia, potentially resulting in mammillary body atrophy and subsequent memory impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed brain MRIs of 235 clinically confirmed full-term patients with hypoxic-ischemic...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Vessel wall imaging can identify intracranial atherosclerotic plaque and give clues about its components. We aimed to investigate whether the plaque hyperintensity in the middle cerebral artery on T2-weighted vessel wall imaging is associated with ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed our institutional vessel wall MR imaging data base. Patients with an acute ischemic stroke within 7-day onset in the MCA territory were enrolled. Patients with stroke...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Objective and quantitative data to define cerebellar vermis and/or brain stem hypoplasia in children are lacking. Our aim was to provide MR imaging biometric references for the cerebellar vermis and brain stem from a large cohort of children with normal cerebellums. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The MR imaging data were retrospectively selected from our hospital data base from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2017. All MR imaging examinations of children between 1 day and 15 years...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:CBF analysis of DSC perfusion using the singular value decomposition algorithm is not accurate in patients with Moyamoya disease. This study compared the Bayesian estimation of CBF against the criterion standard PET and singular value decomposition methods in patients with Moyamoya disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Nineteen patients with Moyamoya disease (10 women; 22–52 years of age) were evaluated with both DSC and 15O-gas PET within 60 days. DSC-CBF maps were created using...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Imaging CBF is important for managing pediatric moyamoya. Traditional arterial spin-labeling MR imaging detects delayed transit thorough diseased arteries but is inaccurate for measuring perfusion because of these delays. Velocity-selective arterial spin-labeling is insensitive to transit delay and well-suited for imaging Moyamoya perfusion. This study assesses the accuracy of a combined velocity-selective arterial spin-labeling and traditional pulsed arterial spin-labeling...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Ketogenic diets are being explored as a possible treatment for several neurological diseases, but the physiologic impact on the brain is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of 3T MR spectroscopy to monitor brain ketone levels in patients with high-grade gliomas who were on a ketogenic diet (a modified Atkins diet) for 8 weeks. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Paired pre- and post-ketogenic diet MR spectroscopy data from both the lesion and contralateral...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Aspartylglucosaminuria is a rare lysosomal storage disorder that causes slowly progressive, childhood-onset intellectual disability and motor deterioration. Previous studies have shown, for example, hypointensity in the thalami in patients with aspartylglucosaminuria on T2WI, especially in the pulvinar nuclei. Susceptibility-weighted imaging is a neuroimaging technique that uses tissue magnetic susceptibility to generate contrast and is able to visualize iron and other mineral...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Unruptured intracranial vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysms with brain stem compression are difficult to treat. In the present study, the clinical and radiologic outcomes of unruptured intracranial vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysms with brain stem compression based on different treatment modalities were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This study included 28 patients with unruptured intracranial vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysms with brain stem compression treated from...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Despite the frequent use of unenhanced head CT for the detection of acute neurologic deficit, the radiation dose for this exam varies widely. Our aim was to evaluate the performance of lower-dose head CT for detection of intracranial findings resulting in acute neurologic deficit. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Projection data from 83 patients undergoing unenhanced spiral head CT for suspected neurologic deficits were collected. Cases positive for infarction, intra-axial hemorrhage,...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In patients with SAH with multiple intracranial aneurysms, often the hemorrhage pattern does not indicate the rupture source. Angiographic findings (intracranial aneurysm size and shape) could help but may not be reliable. Our purpose was to test whether existing parameters could identify the ruptured intracranial aneurysm in patients with multiple intracranial aneurysms and whether composite predictive models could improve the identification. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We retrospectively...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Iterative reconstruction has promise in lowering the radiation dose without compromising image quality, but its full potential has not yet been realized. While phantom studies cannot fully approximate the subjective effects on image quality, live animal models afford this assessment. We characterize dose reduction in head CT by applying advanced modeled iterative reconstruction (ADMIRE) in a live ovine model while evaluating preservation of gray-white matter detectability and...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:MR imaging is not routinely used to image the extracranial facial nerve. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which this nerve can be visualized with a CISS sequence and to determine the feasibility of using that sequence for locating the nerve relative to tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Thirty-two facial nerves in 16 healthy subjects and 4 facial nerves in 4 subjects with parotid gland tumors were imaged with an axial CISS sequence protocol that included...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Remyelination represents an area of great therapeutic interest in multiple sclerosis but currently lacks a robust imaging marker. The purpose of this study was to use high-gradient diffusion MRI and macromolecular tissue volume imaging to obtain estimates of axonal volume fraction, myelin volume fraction, and the imaging g-ratio in patients with MS and healthy controls and to explore their relationship to neurologic disability in MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Thirty individuals...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Burst fractures are characterized by middle column disruption and may feature posterior wall retropulsion. Indications for treatment remain controversial. Recently introduced vertebral augmentation techniques using intravertebral distraction devices, such as vertebral body stents and SpineJack, could be effective in fracture reduction and fixation and might obtain central canal clearance through ligamentotaxis. This study assesses the results of armed kyphoplasty using vertebral...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Widespread brain structural changes are seen following extended spaceflight missions. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether these structural changes are associated with alterations in motor or cognitive function. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Brain MR imaging scans of National Aeronautics and Space Administration astronauts were retrospectively analyzed to quantify pre- to postflight changes in brain structure. Local structural changes were assessed using the Jacobian...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
Wed Nov 13, 2019 18:00
Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in epilepsy is an in vivo technique that allows the localization of a possible seizure onset zone (SOZ) during the interictal period. Stereo-electro-encephalography (SEEG) is the gold standard to define the SOZ. The objective of this research was to evaluate the accuracy of PET imaging in localizing the site of SOZ compared with SEEG. Methods: Seven patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (Ep) and 2 healthy controls (HC) underwent 2 PET...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 17:49
Abstract Objective Otaplimastat is a neuroprotectant that inhibits matrix metalloproteases pathway, and reduces edema and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) induced by recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) in animal stroke models. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of otaplimastat in patients receiving rtPA. Methods This was a phase 2, two‐part, multicenter trial in stroke patients (19–80 years) receiving rtPA. Intravenous otaplimastat was administered <30 min after rtPA....
Wed Nov 13, 2019 17:58
Abstract Objective To investigate if midlife atherosclerosis is associated with different dementia subtypes and related underlying pathologies. Methods Participants comprised the cardiovascular cohort of the Swedish prospective population‐based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (n=6103). Carotid plaques and intima media thickness (IMT) were measured at baseline (1991‐1994). Dementia incidence until 2014 was obtained from national registers. Diagnoses were reviewed and validated in medical records....
Tue Nov 12, 2019 20:35
Abstract Objective To analyze why numerous acute stroke treatments were successful in the laboratory but failed in large clinical trials. Methods We searched all phase III trials of medical treatments for acute ischemic stroke and corresponding early clinical and experimental studies. We compared the overall efficacy and assessed the impact of publication bias and study design on the efficacy. Furthermore, we estimated power and true report probability of experimental studies. Results...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:11
Abstract Objective To examine whether genetic variation affecting the expression or function of lipid‐lowering drug targets is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk, to evaluate the potential impact of long‐term exposure to corresponding therapeutics. Methods We conducted Mendelian randomization analyses using variants in genes that encode the protein targets of several approved lipid‐lowering drug classes: HMGCR (encoding the target for statins); PCSK9 (encoding the target for...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:09
ABSTRACT Objective Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is widely established for older generation AEDs, whereas there is limited evidence about newer AEDs. Our aim is to assess the benefit of newer generation AEDs TDM in epilepsy. Methods We performed a randomised, controlled trial comparing systematic with rescue TDM of lamotrigine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, topiramate, brivaracetam, zonisamide, or pregabalin. Participants were adults with epilepsy, in whom...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:03
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2019Source: Clinical Neurology and NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Rahsan Kemerdere, Mehmet Yigit Akgun, Semih Can Cetintas, Tibet Kacira, Taner TanriverdiAbstractObjectiveTo share our experience related to clinic and radiologic outcomes of patients with Chiari I malformation.Patients and MethodsThis retrospective study evaluated surgical outcome of 48 patients who underwent posterior fossa decompression and duraplasty with arachnoid-preservation technique February...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 16:40
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2019Source: Clinical Neurology and NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Uttam Verma, Monika E. Grabowska, Prem P. Batchala, Solomon Abay, Manan Shah, Heather H. Haughey, Sankara Sethuraman, Fenwick T. Nichols, Joseph Donahue, Askiel BrunoAbstractObjectivesTo test the reliability of three simplified measurements made after decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) for malignant hemispheric infarction on computed tomography (CT) scan.Patients and MethodsWe defined new simple...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 16:40
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2019Source: Clinical Neurology and NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Vildan Binay Safer, Umut Safer
Wed Nov 13, 2019 16:40
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: Clinical Neurology and NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Tao Wang, Qi Jia, Xin Gao, Renjie Fan, Zheyu Wu, Wen Guo, Liang Tang, Ming Qian, Xiaopan Cai, Jian Zhao, Jianru XiaoAbstractObjectivesSpinal secondary aneurysmal bone cyst (SABC) is extremely rare with few published reports available at present. Our aim is to explore the clinicopathologic features, surgical modalities and outcomes of spinal SABC.Patients and methodsA retrospective study of 33...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 11:55
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: Clinical Neurology and NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Yucai Li, Zhifeng Wu, Dongze Guo, Hao You, Xing FanAbstractPosterolateral fusion (PLF) and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) are both frequently-used procedures for the surgical treatment of isthmic and degenerative spondylolisthesis. The current meta-analysis aimed to perform a comprehensive comparison between PLF and PLIF in terms of the therapeutic effects on spondylolisthesis. PubMed,...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 11:55
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: Clinical Neurology and NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): F. Jablawi, O. Nikoubashman, M. Dafotakis, G.A. Schubert, F.-J. Hans, M. MullAbstractObjectiveDeep lumbosacral dural arteriovenous fistulas (lsDAVF) are rare and present serious diagnostic and treatment difficulties. In our current analysis we present our treatment strategy and the long-term clinical outcome of nineteen patients with lsDAVF.Patients and methodsWe retrospectively analyzed our radiological...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 11:55
Abstract Purpose of Review Neurogenic stunned myocardium (NSM) is a poorly recognized cardiac manifestation of neurological illness. This review addresses the contemporary understanding of NSM pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and clinical management. Recent Findings While the precise pathophysiology and diagnosis remain unclear, NSM...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose of Review Neurocritical care combines the complexity of both medical and surgical disease states with the inherent limitations of assessing patients with neurologic injury. Artificial intelligence (AI) has garnered interest in the basic management of these complicated patients as data collection becomes increasingly automated. Recent Findings ...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose of Review To provide an overview of the current treatment strategies for common subtypes of post-stroke pain. Recent Findings There is growing research interest in non-pharmacological treatment approaches for chronic pain, including neurostimulation as well as lifestyle and psychosocial interventions. Newer pharmacotherapy research...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose of Review We aimed to review the sleep disorders described in Wilson’s disease (WD), focusing on their mechanisms and treatments. Recent Findings REM sleep behavior disorder or sleepiness can be warning signs of future WD. These early symptoms may significantly reduce the time to WD diagnosis. Early anti-copper therapies (chelators...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose of Review Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that affects nearly 1 million people in the USA and has the potential to profoundly affect physical ability and income potential at a young age. Since a landmark paper was published in 2014, few studies have looked at differences in MS disease characteristics between African-American and Caucasian patients. ...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose of Review For many years, exercise was controversial in multiple sclerosis (MS) and thought to exacerbate symptoms and fatigue. However, having been found to be safe and effective, exercise has become a cornerstone of MS rehabilitation and may have even more fundamental benefits in MS, with the potential to change clinical practice again. The aim of this review is to summarize the existing knowledge of the effects...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose of Review We summarize structural (s)MRI findings of gray matter (GM) atrophy related to cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) in light of new analytical approaches and recent longitudinal studies results. Recent Findings The hippocampus-to-cortex ratio seems to be the best sMRI biomarker...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose of Review There is emerging evidence that music therapy and other methods using music and rhythm may meaningfully improve a broad range of symptoms in neurological and non-neurological disorders. This review highlights the findings of recent studies utilizing music and rhythm-based interventions for gait impairment, other motor symptoms, and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson disease (PD) and other movement disorders....
Wed Nov 13, 2019 02:00
Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious health problem in the world. However, little is known about the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of TBI. Here, we show that TBI activates neuregulin 1 (NRG1)-ErbB4 signaling, with an increased expression of NRG1 and ErbB4 in the traumatic region. Specifically knocking out ErbB4 in parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons exacerbates motor function deficits in mice after TBI. Consistently, PV-ErbB4−/− mice showed larger necrotic...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 02:00
Abstract The mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) is an essential area for initiation of locomotion. Its functional roles and circuits underlying locomotion have been studied intensively in many species. Studies suggest that cuneiform nucleus and pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) are two core regions in the MLR for locomotion. However, it remains unclear about cellular components and morphological and intrinsic membrane properties of the neurons in these regions, especially the serotonergic...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2019Source: Journal of Neuroscience MethodsAuthor(s): Xiulin Wang, Wenya Liu, Petri Toiviainen, Tapani Ristaniemi, Fengyu CongAbstractBackgroundOngoing EEG data are recorded as mixtures of stimulus-elicited EEG, spontaneous EEG and noises, which require advanced signal processing techniques for separation and analysis. Existing methods cannot simultaneously consider common and individual characteristics among/within subjects when extracting stimulus-elicited...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 14:13
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2019Source: Journal of Neuroscience MethodsAuthor(s): Kristen A. Pickett, Nancy Schultz-Darken, Abigail F. Bradfield, Kerri Malicki, Bruce Pape, Karla K. Ausderau, Marina E. EmborgAbstractBackgroundObjective gait evaluation in humans is used as a predictive disability outcome measure as well as an indicator for intervention effectiveness. Parallel methods of gait analysis in nonhuman primate models are essential for clinical translation. The goal of...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 14:13
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2019Source: Journal of Neuroscience MethodsAuthor(s): Dror Cohen, Shuntaro Sasai, Naotsugu Tsuchiya, Masafumi OizumiAbstractBackgroundQuantifying interactions among many neurons is fundamental to understanding system-level phenomena such as attention, learning and even conscious experience. Causal influences in the brain, quantified as integrated information, are thought to support subjective conscious experience. Recent empirical work has shown that...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 14:13
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:00
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:00
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:00
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:00
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:00
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:00
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:00
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:00
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:00
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Juha Salmi, Mostafa Metwaly, Jussi Tohka, Kimmo Alho, Sami Leppämäki, Pekka Tani, Anniina Koski, Tamara Vanderwal, Matti LaineAbstractIndividuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have difficulties navigating dynamic everyday situations that contain multiple sensory inputs that need to either be attended to or ignored. As conventional experimental tasks lack this type of everyday complexity, we administered...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 17:45
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Kevin B. Wilkins, Jun YaoAbstractAlthough most activities of daily life require simultaneous coordination of both proximal and distal joints, motor preparation during such movements has not been well studied. Previous results for motor preparation have focused on hand/finger movements. For simple hand/finger movements, results have found that such movements typically evoke activity primarily in the contralateral motor...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 17:45
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Jaakko Paasonen, Hanne Laakso, Tiina Pirttimäki, Petteri Stenroos, Raimo A. Salo, Ekaterina Zhurakovskaya, Lauri J. Lehto, Heikki Tanila, Michael Garwood, Shalom Michaeli, Djaudat Idiyatullin, Silvia Mangia, Olli GröhnAbstractFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in animal models provide invaluable information regarding normal and abnormal brain function, especially when combined with complementary stimulation...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 17:45
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Yi-Fang Hsu, Weiyong Xu, Tiina Parviainen, Jarmo A. HämäläinenAbstractAccording to the predictive coding model of perception, the brain constantly generates predictions of the upcoming sensory inputs. Perception is realised through a hierarchical generative model which aims at minimising the discrepancy between predictions and the incoming sensory inputs (i.e., prediction errors). Notably, prediction errors are weighted...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:53
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): William Gaetz, Edward Rhodes, Luke Bloy, Lisa Blaskey, Carissa R. Jackel, Edward S. Brodkin, Amy Waldman, David Embick, Stephen Hall, Timothy PL. RobertsAbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is primarily characterized by impairments in social communication and the appearance of repetitive behaviors with restricted interests. Increasingly, evidence also points to a general deficit of motor tone and coordination in children...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:53
Abstract Purpose This study aimed to investigate the segment-specific progression of atherosclerotic carotid plaques using serial multi-contrast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Methods Symptomatic patients with carotid 30–70% stenosis were recruited and underwent carotid MR vessel wall imaging at baseline and follow-up time point (≥ 6 months after baseline)....
Wed Nov 13, 2019 02:00
Abstract Time-consuming reconstruction of volumetric data by area-detector-computed tomography (ADCT) scanning and narrow coverage of small-row ADCT may hinder volumetric scanning in acute stroke stage. To design a practical protocol of volumetric scanning for thrombectomy using an 80-row ADCT. An imaging protocol that focuses on the middle cerebral arteries by tilting the gantry of an 80-row ADCT with 0.5-mm-thick detectors can shorten the reconstruction time by 1.0-mm thickness...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose To compare the association of different measures of intracranial thrombus permeability on non-contrast computerized tomography (NCCT) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) with recanalization with or without intravenous alteplase. Methods Patients with anterior circulation occlusion from the INTERRSeCT study were included. Thrombus permeability...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose Myxoma-related intracranial diseases were rarely documented in history. The main purpose of our study is to provide a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of the pathogenesis, imaging features, surgical procedures and pathology of such patients through long-term follow-up. Methods From March 2012 to July 2018, baseline information...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Background Circular RNAs serve as key players in the development of tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. Circular RNA CEP128 has been reported to be involved in the development of chemoresistance. However, the role of circular RNA CEP128 in the resistance of glioma cells to temozolomide has not yet been characterized. Methods The expression of circular RNA CEP128, miR-145-5p, and ATP-binding cassette super-family G member 2 was evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. The...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
As a basic organizing principle of the human brain, hemispheric specialization is an important perspective to explore the pathology of schizophrenia. However, it remains unclearly whether the hemispheric specialization of functional connectivity plays a role in mediating auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia. In this study, 18 schizophrenic patients with auditory verbal hallucinations, 18 patients without auditory verbal hallucinations, and 18 matched healthy controls underwent resting-state...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
The aim of the study was to explore the effect of atorvastatin on improvement of the function of the spinal cord in rats with chronic fluorosis. Sixty 3-month-old Wistar rats were separated randomly into three groups: normal group (N group), control group (C group) and atorvastatin group (A group). The Basso Beattie and Bresnahan scale and oblique board test showed that the rats in A group got higher score and better hind-limb motor function than C group. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
Emotional expressions and attentional processes interact such that emotion increases perceptual sensitivity in modality-specific brain areas leading to more efficient processing of the stimulus. In the current study, we asked the question of whether the emotional expressions can be processed subliminally when faces are attended but the emotional expression is irrelevant. We presented angry and neutral male and female faces supraliminally and subliminally to participants in an attention-shifting paradigm....
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
The neuritogenicity and the neuroregenerative potential of asiaticoside (AS) and its aglycone, asiatic acid (AA), has been generally reported. We recently identified the participation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and protein kinase B (Akt) in the neuritogenic mechanism of AS and AA. In this study, we further investigated the possible upstream target molecule and the associated downstream signaling of both triterpenoids in mouse neuroblastoma Neuro-2a cells. Our immunoblotting...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
The present study examined the characteristics of somatosensory processing in healthy prepubescent children (mean age: 124.9 ± 3.8 months) compared with young adults. Somatosensory evoked potentials at the frontal (Fz) and centroparietal (C3′) electrodes were recorded by delivering an electrical stimulus to the right median nerve at a rate of 3 Hz. The characteristics of somatosensory evoked potential waveforms at C3′ were markedly different between the two groups, while those at Fz were similar....
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays critical roles in maintaining the stability of the brain's internal milieu, providing nutrients for the brain, and preventing toxic materials from the blood from entering the brain. The cellular structure of the BBB is mainly composed of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs), which are surrounded by astrocytic endfeet that are connected by tight junction proteins, pericytes and astrocytes. Recently, several studies have shown that aberrant increase in...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the attentional networks function characteristics of interceptive and strategic sports athletes from open-skill sports. Methods We used a revised lateralized attention network task to measure attentional networks efficiency and activation related to flanker conflict effects, alerting effects, and orienting effects changes on the right frontoparietal network using functional near-infrared spectroscopy in 20 strategic sports athletes, 20...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
Our previous studies showed that propane-2-sulfonic acid octadec-9-enyl-amide (N15), a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ (PPARα/γ) dual agonist, protected against ischaemia-induced acute brain damage in mice and improved cognitive ability in the chronic phase of ischaemic stroke. It is well known that hippocampal neurogenesis is closely related to cognitive function. In the present study, we investigated the effect of N15 on hippocampal neurogenesis and neuroplasticity in...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
Objective: We aimed to identify brain changes associated with preserved cognitive function in patients with chronic brainstem stroke. Methods: Twelve patients with chronic brainstem stroke and 24 age-matched healthy controls were included in this retrospective study. All participants underwent T1-weighted, diffusion tensor, and resting-state functional MRI. Gray matter density, fractional anisotropy, and mean diffusivity maps from diffusion tensor imaging and seven cognition-related independent...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
Serotonin modulates cognitive processes and is related to various psychiatric disorders, including major depression. Administration of citalopram reduces the amplitude of auditory evoked potentials in depressed people and animal models, suggesting that 5-HT has an inhibitory role. Here, we characterize the modulation of excitatory post-synaptic currents by application of either 5-HT or agonists of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors, or by endogenous 5-HT evoked by citalopram on pyramidal neurons from layer...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
Neuroimaging studies revealed that emotion and cognition dysfunction after sleep deprivation is associated with the disturbance of the salience network. However, the age effect on the functional connectivity changes of the network after sleep deprivation remains unclear. The current study investigated the functional connectivity changes of the right anterior insula after partial sleep deprivation in young and old adults by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We found a significant...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
Several studies have investigated possible role of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with disorder of consciousness (DOC). But the details of patients’ brain responses to the rTMS are yet to be disclosed. The aim of the study is to explore the neural electrical responses of DOC patients to rTMS modulation. DOC Patients [14 vegetative state, seven minimally conscious state (MCS)] and healthy subjects were enrolled and received one session of rTMS. The TMS-electroencephalogram...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
Torrance Test of Creative Thinking is the most widely used form of creativity test. Although creativity assessed using the figural form of Torrance Test of Creative Thinking has been considered non-unidimensional, the structural correlates for each separable dimension have yet to be explored. The present study investigated the underlying cortical structure of separable dimensions for creativity using the figural Torrance Test of Creative Thinking. To this end, we recruited healthy young adults and...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 10:09
Self-renewing neural stem cells and progenitor cells are cell populations that generate radial glial cells and neurons through asymmetric division. Regulation of intracellular pH in stem cells with high metabolic activity is critical for both cell signaling and proliferation. We have recently found that a S0859-inhibitable electrogenic Na+/HCO3− co-transporter (NBCe1, Slc4a4), is the primary pHi regulatory mechanism in stem cell-derived radial glial-like cells. Here we show, by using the voltage-sensitive...
Mon Nov 11, 2019 02:00
The long noncoding RNA, steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA), has been reported to be involved in the development of many types of disease in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether SRA was associated with poststroke depression (PSD). A PSD rat model was established, and depression-like behaviors and sucrose consumption in rats with PSD were analyzed. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-PCR), western blot and luciferase dual reporter assay analyses were performed to detect the...
Mon Nov 11, 2019 02:00
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease with few effective treatments. This study mainly explored the mechanism of TRPC5 gene in the treatment of spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury from the perspective of angiogenesis. Western blot, immunohistochemistry, hematoxylin and eosin, ELISA, and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) were used to detect the expression levels of related angiogenic proteins such as von Willebrend factor (vWF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD31, and...
Mon Nov 11, 2019 02:00
Background: Migraine is a common disabling neurological disorder where attacks have been recognized to consist of more than headache. The premonitory, headache, and postdromal phases are the various phases of the migraine cycle, where aura can occur before, during, or after the onset of pain. Migraine is also associated with photosensitivity and cranial autonomic symptoms, which includes lacrimation, conjunctival injection, periorbital edema, ptosis, nasal congestion, and rhinorrhoea. This review...
Wed Nov 06, 2019 02:00
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2019Source: Brain Research BulletinAuthor(s): Changwei Zhou, Rong Sun, Chongyi Sun, Minghao Gu, Chuan Guo, Jiyan Zhang, Yansheng Du, Huiying Gu, Qingpeng LiuAbstractUnconjugated bilirubin, the end product of heme catabolism and antioxidant, induced brain damage in human neonates is a well-recognized clinical syndrome. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying bilirubin neurotoxicity remain unclear. To characterize the sequence of events...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 14:42
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: Brain Research BulletinAuthor(s): Moran Guo, Huifang Chen, Weisong Duan, Zhongyao Li, Yuanyuan Li, Yanqin Ma, Xiangyang Xu, Le Yi, Yue Bi, Yakun Liu, Jie Zhang, Chunyan LiAbstractFibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family and is widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). However, it is not clear how the working mechanism of FGF9 is involved in cerebellar development. To address this question,...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:23
Publication date: February 2020Source: World Neurosurgery, Volume 134Author(s): Romina Argañaraz, Amparo Sáenz, Juan Manuel Liñares, Patricia Martinez, Marcela Bailez, Beatriz ManteseObjectiveTo present an attainable and realistic model for neuroendoscopic simulation which replicates exercises of tissue biopsy and coagulation and membrane fenestration.MethodsWe presented a stepwise method to create a neuroendoscopic simulation model using bovine brain and membrane units made by a soda cup covered...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 13:44
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2019Source: World NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Mitsuhiro Hasegawa, Toru Hatayama, Akinori Kondo, Shinji Nagahiro, Takamitsu Fujimaki, Kenichi Amagasaki, Kazunori Arita, Isao Date, Yukihiko Fujii, Takeo Goto, Ryosuke Hanaya, Yoshinori Higuchi, Kazuhiro Hongo, Toru Inoue, Hidetoshi Kasuya, Takamasa Kayama, Masatou Kawashima, Eiji Kohmura, Taketoshi Maehara, Toshio Matsushima
Wed Nov 13, 2019 13:44
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2019Source: World NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Giorgio Saraceno, Edoardo Agosti, Jimmy Qiu, Barbara Buffoli, Marco Ferrari, Elena Raffetti, Francesco Belotti, Marco Ravanelli, Davide Mattavelli, Alberto Schreiber, Lena Hirtler, Luigi F. Rodella, Roberto Maroldi, Piero Nicolai, Fred Gentili, Walter Kucharczyk, Marco M. Fontanella, Francesco DogliettoAbstractObjectTo quantitatively compare different microsurgical and endoscopic approaches to the middle cranial...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 13:44
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2019Source: World NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Saba Ahmadvand, Mojtaba Dayyani, Hamid Etemadrezaie, Ahmad Ghorbanpour, Reyhaneh Zarei, Ali Shahriyari, Maryam Emadzadeh, Babak Ganjeifar, Samira ZabihyanBackgroundCerebral shunts are the mainstay treatment of hydrocephalus. Because most previous studies have focused on factors related to long-term outcomes of shunt surgery, we aimed to assess the rates and causes of 30-day ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) failure...
Wed Nov 13, 2019 13:44
Publication date: February 2020Source: World Neurosurgery, Volume 134Author(s): Wataru Yanagihara, Takaaki Beppu, Yasushi Ogasawara, Shigeki Ito, Yuichi Sato, Tamotsu Sugai, Kuniaki OgasawaraBackgroundMost plasmacytomas arise in the bone marrow (intramedullary), as part of multiple myeloma (MM). In contrast, extramedullary plasmacytoma without MM is rare, and plasmacytoma primarily occurring in the brain parenchyma is extremely rare. Clinical behaviors of primary plasmacytoma in the brain have remained...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:37
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: World NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Jonathon Lebovitz, Christopher Storey, Ahmad Sweid, Stavropoula Tjoumakaris, M. Reid Gooch, Robert Rosenwasser, Pascal JabbourBackgroundSpinal arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are a rare entity that can have devastating neurologic outcomes. Currently, these lesions are treated via open microsurgical resection or transarterial embolization with good success. However, some patients cannot be treated with a minimally...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:37
Ruptured tentorial AV fistula: endoscopic-assisted microsurgical disconnection using ICG-VA guidance
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: World NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Raffaella Messina, Maria Teresa Bozzi, Luigi Chiumarulo, Leonello Tacconi, Francesco Signorelli
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:37
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: World NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): A.M. Alexandre, C. Ciardi
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:37
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: World NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Fernando Luiz Rolemberg Dantas, François Dantas, Antônio Carlos Vieira Caires, Gilberto de Almeida Fonseca Filho, Gustavo Agra Cariri, Ricardo Vieira BotelhoAbstractThe treatments described for spinal synovial cysts range from percutaneous puncture to arthrodesis. There is a fear of postoperative instability after surgical resection of cysts mainly when they are associated with degenerative spondylolisthesis....
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:37
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: World NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Zachary A. Smith, Kenneth A. Weber, Monica Paliwal, Benjamin S. Hopkins, Alexander J. Barry, Donald Cantrell, Aruna Ganju, Tyler R. Koski, Todd B. Parrish, Yasin DhaherBackgroundWhite matter volume loss may be an anatomic driver in the development of clinical symptoms in cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Considerably less attention has been devoted to gray matter (GM) injury. Newly developed atlas-based mapping...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:37
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: World NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Satoshi Ogihara, Takashi Yamazaki, Michio Shiibashi, Toru Maruyama, Hirotaka Chikuda, Kota Miyoshi, Hirohiko Inanami, Yasushi Oshima, Seiichi Azuma, Naohiro Kawamura, Kiyofumi Yamakawa, Nobuhiro Hara, Jiro Morii, Rentaro Okazaki, Yujiro Takeshita, Kei Sato, Sakae Tanaka, Kazuo SaitaBackgroundSurgical site infection (SSI) is a dire complication in spinal surgeries, resulting in reoperation, prolonged hospitalization,...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:37
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: World NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Florian Roser, Mohamed Samy Elhammady, Nader M. Hebela
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:37
Publication date: Available online 11 November 2019Source: World NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Sanne Emilie Detiger, Faiz Karim, Dominiek Monserez, Robert Verdijk, Martin van Hagen, Dion Paridaens, Jan van LaarBackgroundIgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated, systemic, fibroinflammatory disease. IgG4-RD may manifest in almost every part of the human body. Here, we describe 3 patients with a skull base manifestation of IgG4-RD that mimicked malignancy.Case DescriptionPatient 1, a 73-year-old...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 17:37
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