ABSTRACT Whereas neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumour of childhood, less than 5% of cases occur in adults. Pediatric neuroblastoma shows marked heterogeneity of histology and molecular biology. Information about this tumour in adults is limited, especially regarding molecular biology. We report a series of 9 neuroblastoma cases diagnosed in adulthood (18 to 40 years old) with molecular biologic characterization in 7. All tumours were Schwannian stroma‐poor, and mostly poorly...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 21:50
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1830: Does an Alternative Sunitinib Dosing Schedule Really Improve Survival Outcomes over a Conventional Dosing Schedule in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma? An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11121830 Authors: Chung Kang Kim Kim Lee Hong Cho Treatment-related adverse events (AEs) can obfuscate the maintenance of a conventional schedule of sunitinib in patients with metastatic renal...
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Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1829: Prospective Evaluation of the Concordance of Commercial Circulating Tumor DNA Alterations with Tumor-Based Sequencing across Multiple Soft Tissue Sarcoma Subtypes Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11121829 Authors: Bryce Demoret Jeff Gregg David A. Liebner Gabriel Tinoco Scott Lenobel James L. Chen Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are diverse tumors with heterogenous alterations. Platforms to detect circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) have rapidly increased...
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Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1831: The Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Staging and Prognostication of Mantle Cell Lymphoma: An Italian Multicentric Study Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11121831 Authors: Domenico Albano Riccardo Laudicella Paola Ferro Michela Allocca Elisabetta Abenavoli Ambra Buschiazzo Alessia Castellino Agostino Chiaravalloti Annarosa Cuccaro Lea Cuppari Rexhep Durmo Laura Evangelista Viviana Frantellizzi Sofya Kovalchuk Flavia Linguanti Giulia...
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Background Although several prospective studies have reported the efficacy of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), treatment‐related toxicity varies and has not been determined. Therefore, the authors evaluated the safety and efficacy of SBRT for patients with HCC in a hepatitis B virus‐endemic area. Methods This multicenter phase 2 trial enrolled patients with unresectable HCC. Patients received SBRT with 45 to 60 Gy in 3 fractions. To evaluate gastroduodenal...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 20:59
Background The current study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab‐mediated programmed cell death protein 1 inhibition plus radiotherapy (RT) in patients with metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer who were unselected for programmed death‐ligand 1 expression. Methods The current study was a single‐arm, Simon 2‐stage, phase 2 clinical trial that enrolled a total of 17 patients with a median age of 52 years (range, 37‐73 years). An RT dose of 3000 centigrays (cGy) was...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 15:33
Biochemical recurrence (BCR) occurs in up to 40% of prostate cancer patients after prostatectomy. In this study, we performed an immune monitoring study in 20 prostate cancer patients with BCR previously treated with metronomic cyclophosphamide (mCTX). We observed a decrease of regulatory T cells (Tregs) from 2 months and this was more pronounced after 6 months of mCTX treatment. This drop of Tregs was associated with increased level of activated HLADR+ CD45R0+ T cells in peripheral blood. Furthermore,...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 18:18
Less frequent cervical cancer screening in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccinated birth cohorts could produce considerable savings without increasing cervical cancer incidence and loss of life‐years. We report here the baseline findings and interim results of safety and accuracy of infrequent screening among HPV16/18 vaccinated females. The entire 1992‐94 birth‐cohorts (30139 females) were invited to a community‐randomized HPV16/18‐vaccination trial. A total of 9,482 female trial participants received...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 18:14
Myotonic dystrophy Type I (DM1) is an autosomal dominant multi‐system disorder characterized by myotonia and muscle weakness. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cancer have been shown to be part of the DM1 phenotype. Metformin, a well‐established agent for the management of T2D, is thought to have cancer‐preventive effects in the general population. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between T2D, metformin use, and the risk of cancer in DM1 patients. We identified a cohort of 913 DM1 patients...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 18:04
SMAC mimetics (SMs) targeting inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) activate cell death pathways, and are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Their successful therapeutic implementation requires upfront identification of patients who could benefit from a SM‐based treatment but biomarkers for SM sensitivity have not yet been described. Here, we analyzed the intrinsic activity of two monovalent (AT406 and LCL161) and two bivalent (Birinapant and BV6) SMs on unselected patient‐derived pediatric...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 17:48
Accumulation evidence indicates the vital role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis and the progression of malignant tumors, including pancreatic cancer (PC). However, the role and the molecular ...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 02:00
Opinion statement Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive subtype of breast cancer. TNBC is a heterogenous subtype of breast cancer that is beginning to be refined by its molecular characteristics and clinical response to a targeted therapeutic approach. Until recently the backbone of therapy against TNBC has been cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, the breast oncology community is now seeing encouraging clinical activity from molecularly targeted approaches...
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Opinion statement Among gynecologic malignancies, mismatch repair–deficient endometrial cancers show the greatest response to anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibodies, such as pembrolizumab. Routine immunohistochemical (IHC) and molecular testing should be performed on all endometrial cancers at the time of diagnosis in order to identify endometrial cancers with mismatch repair deficiency that may show improved response to anti-PD-1 therapy in the progressive or metastatic...
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Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
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Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
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Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of pentoxifylline and vitamin E on the incidence and severity of radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis and dysphagia in head and neck cancer patients. This is a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Head and neck cancer patients receiving 30–35 radiotherapy fractions with or without concurrent chemotherapy excluding those intolerant to xanthines, with any bleeding tendency were included. Sixty patients were enrolled;...
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The RAS-regulated RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signalling pathway is frequently deregulated in cancer due to activating mutations of growth factor receptors, RAS or BRAF. Both RAF and MEK1/2 inhibitors are clinically approved and various ERK1/2 inhibitors (ERKi) are currently undergoing clinical trials. To date ERKi display two distinct mechanisms of action (MoA); catalytic ERKi solely inhibit ERK1/2 catalytic activity, whereas dual mechanism ERKi additionally prevent the activating phosphorylation of ERK1/2...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 16:50
Compensatory mutations are crucial for functional RNA because they maintain RNA configuration and thus function. Compensatory mutation has traditionally been considered to be a two-step substitution through the GU-base-pair intermediate. We tested for an alternative AC-mediated compensatory mutation (ACCM). We investigated ACCMs by using a comprehensive sampling of ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) from 3934 angiosperm species in 80 genera and 55 families. We predicted ITS2 consensus...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 21:01
Purpose:Prognostic value of Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score (RS) in male patients with breast cancer is understudied. We evaluated associations of RS with overall mortality in male patients with breast cancer and compared it with female counterparts.Experimental Design:With a cohort of 848 male and 110,898 female patients with breast cancer identified from the National Cancer Database (2010–2014), we estimated HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall mortality associated with RS using...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 10:05
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 21 November 2019; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0636-xStudy of the antitumour effects and the modulation of immune response by histamine in breast cancer
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Abstract Immune checkpoint blockade has demonstrated significant anti-tumor immunity in an array of cancer types, yet the underlying regulatory mechanism of it is still obscure, and many problems remain to be solved. As an inhibitory costimulatory signal of T-cells, the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway can paralyze T-cells at the tumor site, enabling the immune escape of tumor cells. Although many antibodies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 have...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 02:00
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Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for more than 90% of all oral cancers and has been listed as sixth most common human cancer. Due to late diagnosis and insufficient therapeutic response among patients, the survival rate remains very low accentuating the importance of early diagnostic markers. The study aimed to identify differentially expressed proteins in search for putative serum biomarkers and drug targets. Serum samples (n = 45) were depleted and resolved...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 02:00
Abstract Previous studies indicated that cyclin D1 shown the potential as a tumor biomarker. However, the prognostic value of cyclin D1 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains controversial. This study investigated the correlation of cyclin D1 expression with the prognostic and clinicopathological features in RCC patients. We systematically searched the database of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science updated on November 26, 2017. Eighteen studies with 2282 patients satisfied...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 02:00
Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 20, 2019 23:07
Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 20, 2019 23:07
Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 20, 2019 23:07
Abstract Purpose Although local inflammatory response (LIR) is a reliable survival marker in colon cancers (CCs), there is no consensus on its use in daily practice. We investigated the prognostic value of LIR in a highly homogeneous population with a well-designed methodology. Methods Eighty stage-IIB CC patients operated between 2002 and 2012 were included...
Wed Nov 20, 2019 02:00
Background Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA), a minimally invasive and cost‐effective procedure, often is used in the initial diagnosis of thymic lesions. However, the diagnosis can be challenging. Knowledge of the diagnostic pitfalls is important to improve diagnostic accuracy. Methods The authors retrospectively searched the pathology database of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center for FNA cases using the keywords “thymoma” or “thymic” in cytologic diagnoses or in corresponding...
Tue Nov 19, 2019 16:13
Tue Nov 19, 2019 16:10
Background Basaloid salivary gland neoplasms (BSNs), which include benign primary tumors and primary or metastatic malignancies, show overlapping morphology in fine‐needle aspiration (FNA). The Milan system recommends assigning a grade (low or high) to malignant salivary neoplasms because of the impact on surgical planning. This study investigated cytomorphologic features of BSNs on FNA that would help to favor a high‐grade malignancy over a low‐grade malignancy or a benign tumor. Methods Two...
Tue Nov 19, 2019 16:09
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 20, 2019 18:58
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 20, 2019 18:49
Publication date: January 2020Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America, Volume 29, Issue 1Author(s): Chia-Cheng Li, Zhen Shen, Roxanne Bavarian, Fan Yang, Aditi Bhattacharya
Wed Nov 20, 2019 18:19
Publication date: January 2020Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America, Volume 29, Issue 1Author(s): Jennifer L. Crombie, Philippe Armand
Wed Nov 20, 2019 18:19
Publication date: January 2020Source: Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America, Volume 29, Issue 1Author(s): Logan Corey, Ana Valente, Katrina Wade
Wed Nov 20, 2019 18:19
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