• Pediatric Radiology
• Modification of chest radiography exposure parameters using a neonatal chest phantom

  Abstract Background The acquisition of chest radiographs in neonates is of critical importance in diagnostics because of the risk of respiratory distress syndrome and pneumothorax in preterm infants. Objective To achieve a dose reduction while preserving a diagnostic image quality for chest radiographs of

  Pediatric Radiology

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 17:00
• Odontology
• Periodontitis and vascular inflammatory biomarkers: an experimental in vivo study in rats

  Abstract The objective of this preclinical in vivo study was to determine changes in vascular inflammatory biomarkers in systemic circulation after injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) in rats. Experimental periodontitis was induced by injections of Pg-LPS. Gingival soft and hard tissues changes were analysed by means of magnetic resonance imaging and micro computed tomography. Serum levels o

  Odontology

  Wed Oct 02, 2019 17:00
• Maxillary sinus size and posterior tooth inclination in Japanese orthodontic patients with agenesis of maxillary second premolars

  Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the expansion of the maxillary sinus and the inclinations of posterior teeth in orthodontic patients with maxillary second premolar agenesis. A total of 30 subjects with one or two congenitally missing maxillary second premolars and retained maxillary deciduous second molars (a agenesis group) were selected and divided into a unilateral agenesis group (20 subjects with one m

  Odontology

  Wed Oct 02, 2019 17:00
• bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
• Polygenic adaptation after a sudden change in environment [NEW RESULTS]

  Polygenic adaptation in response to selection on quantitative traits is thought to be ubiquitous in humans and other species, yet this mode of adaptation remains poorly understood. We investigate the dynamics of this process, assuming that a sudden change in environment shifts the optimal value of a highly polygenic quantitative trait. We find that when the shift is not too large relative to the genetic variance in the trait and this variance ari

  bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology

  Wed Oct 02, 2019 17:00
• Hunting strategies and the lateral line of Astyanax mexicanus larva [NEW RESULTS]

  The lateral line is the primary modality fish use to create a hydrodynamic image of their environment. These images contribute to a variety of behaviors, from rheotaxis to escape responses. Here we discern the contributions of visual and lateral line modalities in hunting behavior of larvae that have developed under different photic conditions. In particular, cave animals have a hypertrophied sense of mechanosensation, and we studied the common a

  bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology

  Wed Oct 02, 2019 17:00
• Geographic variation in hemocyte diversity and phagocytic propensity shows a diffuse genomic signature in the green veined white butterfly [NEW RESULTS]

  Insects rely on their innate immune system to successfully mediate complex interactions with their internal microbiota, as well as the microbes present in the environment. Given the variation in microbes across habitats, the challenges to respond to them is likely to result in local adaptation in the immune system. Here we focus upon phagocytosis, a mechanism by which pathogens and foreign particles are engulfed in order to be contained, killed a

  bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology

  Wed Oct 02, 2019 17:00
• "Abnormal vertebral patterns in genetically heterogeneous deceased fetuses and neonates: evidence of selection against variations" [CONFIRMATORY RESULTS]

  ObjectiveTo assess the vertebral pattern in a cohort of deceased fetuses and neonates, and to study the possible impact of DNA Copy Number Variations (CNVs) in coding regions and/or disturbing enhancers on the development of the vertebral pattern. MethodRadiographs of 445 fetuses and infants, deceased between 2009 and 2015, were assessed. Terminations of pregnancies, stillbirths and neonatal deaths were included. Patients were excluded if the

  bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology

  Wed Oct 02, 2019 17:00
• Model-based assessments of differential introgression and linked natural selection during divergence and speciation [NEW RESULTS]

  Demographic changes such as fluctuating population size and differential introgression can mask the effects of natural selection, and affect rates of genome evolution, local adaptation, reproductive isolation, and eventual speciation. Besides identifying differentially introgressing genes (and genomic regions) that are "labeled" to be retroactively causal to adaptive evolution and speciation, there is significant impetus to understand, and perhap

  bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology

  Wed Oct 02, 2019 17:00
• Bacterial flagellar motor PL-ring disassembly Sub-complexes are widespread and ancient [NEW RESULTS]

  The bacterial flagellar motor is an amazing nanomachine. Understanding how such complex structures arose is crucial to our understanding of cellular evolution. We and others recently reported that in several Gammaproteobacterial species, a relic sub-complex comprising the decorated P- and L-rings persists in the outer membrane after flagellum disassembly. Imaging nine additional species with cryo-electron tomography, here we show that this sub-co

  bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology

  Wed Oct 02, 2019 17:00
• PeerJ Computer Science
• Effects of trapping effort and trap placement on estimating abundance of Humboldt’s flying squirrels

  Live trapping is a common tool used to assess demography of small mammals. However, live-trapping is often expensive and stressful to captured individuals. Thus, assessing the relative tradeoffs among study goals, project expenses, and animal well-being is necessary. Here, we evaluated how apparent bias and precision of estimates for apparent annual survival, abundance, capture probability, and recapture probability of Humboldt’s flying squirrels

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Wed Oct 02, 2019 17:00
• An application of PCR-RFLP species identification assay for environmental DNA detection

  Recent advancement of environmental DNA (eDNA) methods for surveying species in aquatic ecosystems has been used for various organisms and contributed to monitoring and conservation of species and environments. Amphibians are one of the promising taxa which could be monitored efficiently by applying quantitative PCR (qPCR) or next generation sequencing to eDNA. However, the cost of eDNA detection using these approaches can be quite high and requi

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Wed Oct 02, 2019 17:00
• Structural, functional and molecular dynamics analysis of cathepsin B gene SNPs associated with tropical calcific pancreatitis, a rare disease of tropics

  Tropical Calcific Pancreatitis (TCP) is a neglected juvenile form of chronic non-alcoholic pancreatitis. Cathepsin B (CTSB), a lysosomal protease involved in the cellular degradation process, has recently been studied as a potential candidate gene in the pathogenesis of TCP. According to the Cathepsin B hypothesis, mutated CTSB can lead to premature intracellular activation of trypsinogen, a key regulatory mechanism in pancreatitis. So far, CTSB

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Wed Oct 02, 2019 17:00
• Establishment of an in vitro model of cultured viable human, porcine and canine skin and comparison of different media supplements

  Transdermal drug delivery provides several advantages over conventional drug administration, such as the avoidance of first-pass metabolism and better patient compliance. In vitro research can abbreviate and facilitate the pharmaceutical development considerably compared to in vivo research as drug screening and clinical studies can be reduced. These advantages led to the development of corresponding skin models. Viable skin models are more use

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Wed Oct 02, 2019 17:00
• Head and Neck
• Early mortality after diagnosis of cancer of the head and neck - A population-based nationwide study.

  Related ArticlesEarly mortality after diagnosis of cancer of the head and neck - A population-based nationwide study. PLoS One. 2019;14(10):e0223154 Authors: Talani C, Mäkitie A, Beran M, Holmberg E, Laurell G, Farnebo L Abstract BACKGROUND: Cancers of the head and neck have a high mortality rate, and roughly 10% of the patients die within six months of diagnosis. To our knowledge little has been wri

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 04:20
• Associations between FDG-PET and Ki 67-index in head and neck cancer: A meta-analysis.

  Related ArticlesAssociations between FDG-PET and Ki 67-index in head and neck cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Oct;98(40):e17472 Authors: Meyer HJ, Gundermann P, Surov A Abstract BACKGROUND: FDG-PET might be able to reflect histopathology features of tumors. Ki 67 in head and neck carcinomas (HNSCC). The present study sought to elucidate the association between Ki 67 index and SUVm

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 04:20
• Appendectomy and rheumatoid arthritis: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort.

  Related ArticlesAppendectomy and rheumatoid arthritis: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Oct;98(40):e17153 Authors: Choi HG, Oh DJ, Kim M, Kim S, Min C, Kong IG Abstract The present study evaluated the association between appendectomy and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using a national sample cohort of the Korean population. In this cohort study, the

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 04:20
• Hypoxia with 18F-fluoroerythronitroimidazole integrated positron emission tomography and computed tomography (18F-FETNIM PET/CT) in locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer: Hypoxia changes during chemoradiotherapy and impact on clinical outcome.

  Related ArticlesHypoxia with 18F-fluoroerythronitroimidazole integrated positron emission tomography and computed tomography (18F-FETNIM PET/CT) in locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer: Hypoxia changes during chemoradiotherapy and impact on clinical outcome. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Oct;98(40):e17067 Authors: Hu M, Xie P, Lee NY, Li M, Ho F, Lian M, Zhao S, Yang G, Fu Z, Zheng J, Ma L, Yu J Abstract

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 04:20
• Peripheral osteoma of the nasal bone after laser treatment: A case report.

  Related ArticlesPeripheral osteoma of the nasal bone after laser treatment: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Oct;98(40):e17036 Authors: Hwang JH, Lee DG, Kim KS, Lee SY Abstract INTRODUCTION: Peripheral osteoma, which arises from the periosteum, commonly develops in the head and neck region and is found frequently in the mandible, maxilla, and paranasal sinuses. However, osteoma of the face,

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 04:20
• Musical Ear Syndrome and Cochlear Explantation: Case Report and Proposal for a Theoretical Framework.

  Related ArticlesMusical Ear Syndrome and Cochlear Explantation: Case Report and Proposal for a Theoretical Framework. Otol Neurotol. 2019 Oct 01;: Authors: Kompis M, Mantokoudis G, von Gunten B, Schmid C, Blaser D, Caversaccio M Abstract OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual case of musical ear syndrome, and to present a theoretical framework for this condition, merging information from the presented case

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 04:20
• Clinical Application of Two-Dimensional Scanning Digital Kymography in Discrimination of Diplophonia.

  Related ArticlesClinical Application of Two-Dimensional Scanning Digital Kymography in Discrimination of Diplophonia. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019 Oct 02;:1-12 Authors: Bae IH, Wang SG, Kwon SB, Kim ST, Sung ES, Lee JC Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of diplophonia using an auditory perception and multimodal simultaneous examination, which included so

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 04:20
• A bioactivatable self-quenched nanogel for targeted photodynamic therapy.

  Related ArticlesA bioactivatable self-quenched nanogel for targeted photodynamic therapy. Biomater Sci. 2019 Oct 02;: Authors: He H, Nieminen AL, Xu P Abstract Photodynamic therapy has attracted significant attention due to its localized treatment advantage. However, the non-specific distribution of photosensitizers and the subsequent potential toxicity caused by sunshine exposure hinder its wide ado

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• The Effect of Cleft Palate Repair on Polysomnography Results.

  Related ArticlesThe Effect of Cleft Palate Repair on Polysomnography Results. J Clin Sleep Med. 2019 Oct 02;: Authors: Bergeron M, Cohen AP, Maby A, Babiker HE, Pan BS, Ishman SL Abstract STUDY OBJECTIVES: In view of the risk that surgical repair of cleft palate may induce or worsen obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the goal of this study was to assess presurgical and postsurgical polysomnography (PSG)

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Safety and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in patients with preexisting antinuclear antibodies.

  Related ArticlesSafety and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in patients with preexisting antinuclear antibodies. Clin Transl Oncol. 2019 Oct 01;: Authors: Sakakida T, Ishikawa T, Chihara Y, Harita S, Uchino J, Tabuchi Y, Komori S, Asai J, Narukawa T, Arai A, Tsunezuka H, Kosuga T, Konishi H, Moriguchi M, Yasuda H, Hongo F, Inoue M, Hirano S, Ukimura O, Itoh Y, Taguchi T, Takayama K Abstract PURPOSE: I

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Key players of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer.

  Related ArticlesKey players of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer. Ann Transl Med. 2019 Jul;7(Suppl 3):S112 Authors: Santoni M, Aurilio G, Maccioni A, Nolè F, Battelli N PMID: 31576319 [PubMed]

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Depth of invasion for prognostic stratification in oral cavity cancer: do we need further validation?

  Related ArticlesDepth of invasion for prognostic stratification in oral cavity cancer: do we need further validation? Ann Transl Med. 2019 Jul;7(Suppl 3):S84 Authors: Piazza C, Bresciani L, Giannini L PMID: 31576293 [PubMed]

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Immunotherapy for head and neck cancer: where are we now and where are we going?

  Related ArticlesImmunotherapy for head and neck cancer: where are we now and where are we going? Ann Transl Med. 2019 Jul;7(Suppl 3):S75 Authors: Bauml JM, Aggarwal C, Cohen RB PMID: 31576284 [PubMed]

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• A Model-Based Method for Assessment of Salivary Gland and Planning Target Volume Dosimetry in Volumetric-Modulated Arc Therapy Planning on Head-and-Neck Cancer.

  Related ArticlesA Model-Based Method for Assessment of Salivary Gland and Planning Target Volume Dosimetry in Volumetric-Modulated Arc Therapy Planning on Head-and-Neck Cancer. J Med Phys. 2019 Jul-Sep;44(3):201-206 Authors: Zhang H, Cao Y, Antone J, Riegel AC, Ghaly M, Potters L, Jamshidi A Abstract This study examined the relationship of achievable mean dose and percent volumetric overlap of saliva

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Otology & Neurotology Published Ahead-of-Print
• Musical Ear Syndrome and Cochlear Explantation: Case Report and Proposal for a Theoretical Framework

  Objective: To report an unusual case of musical ear syndrome, and to present a theoretical framework for this condition, merging information from the presented case and from former case reports. Patient: A 67-year-old semi-professional musician, who underwent bilateral cochlear implantation and experienced musical ear syndrome, i.e., hearing music, where none was present. Interventions: Cochlear implantation with a bilateral cochlear

  Otology & Neurotology Published Ahead-of-Print

  Mon Sep 30, 2019 17:00
• Head and Neck
• Head and Neck Cancer Detection in Digitized Whole-Slide Histology Using Convolutional Neural Networks.

  Related ArticlesHead and Neck Cancer Detection in Digitized Whole-Slide Histology Using Convolutional Neural Networks. Sci Rep. 2019 Oct 01;9(1):14043 Authors: Halicek M, Shahedi M, Little JV, Chen AY, Myers LL, Sumer BD, Fei B Abstract Primary management for head and neck cancers, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), involves surgical resection with negative cancer margins. Pathologists guide su

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• A large-scale study reveals 24-h operational rhythms in hospital treatment.

  Related ArticlesA large-scale study reveals 24-h operational rhythms in hospital treatment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Oct 01;: Authors: Ruben MD, Francey LJ, Guo Y, Wu G, Cooper EB, Shah AS, Hogenesch JB, Smith DF Abstract Hospitals operate 24 h a day, and it is assumed that important clinical decisions occur continuously around the clock. However, many aspects of hospital operation occur at spe

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Temozolomide plus PARP Inhibition in Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Could Patient-Derived Xenografts Accelerate Discovery of Biomarker Candidates?

  Related ArticlesTemozolomide plus PARP Inhibition in Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Could Patient-Derived Xenografts Accelerate Discovery of Biomarker Candidates? Cancer Discov. 2019 Oct;9(10):1340-1342 Authors: Pacheco JM, Byers LA Abstract Effective options are limited for patients with small-cell lung cancer who develop progressive disease during or after etoposide plus platinum-based therapy. In this is

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Cytoskeleton of cells in vocal fold macula flava unphonated for a long period.

  Related ArticlesCytoskeleton of cells in vocal fold macula flava unphonated for a long period. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2019 Sep 28;: Authors: Sato K, Chitose SI, Ono T, Sato K, Sato F, Kurita T, Umeno H Abstract Cells in the maculae flavae (MFe) are inferred to be involved in the metabolism of extracellular matrices of the human vocal fold mucosa. The latest research has supported the hypothesis that the

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Intraoperative Neuromonitoring for Thyroid Surgery: The Proven Benefits and Limitations.

  Related ArticlesIntraoperative Neuromonitoring for Thyroid Surgery: The Proven Benefits and Limitations. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2019 Nov;12(4):335-336 Authors: Choi SY, Son YI PMID: 31575106 [PubMed]

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Virtual Reality for Vestibular Rehabilitation.

  Related ArticlesVirtual Reality for Vestibular Rehabilitation. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2019 Nov;12(4):329-330 Authors: Song JJ PMID: 31575103 [PubMed]

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Can Neutrophils Be a Cellular Biomarker in Asian Chronic Rhinosinusitis?

  Related ArticlesCan Neutrophils Be a Cellular Biomarker in Asian Chronic Rhinosinusitis? Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2019 Nov;12(4):325-326 Authors: Kim DW PMID: 31575102 [PubMed]

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Brusatol, a Nrf2 Inhibitor Targets STAT3 Signaling Cascade in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

  Related ArticlesBrusatol, a Nrf2 Inhibitor Targets STAT3 Signaling Cascade in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biomolecules. 2019 Sep 30;9(10): Authors: Lee JH, Rangappa S, Mohan CD, Basappa, Sethi G, Lin ZX, Rangappa KS, Ahn KS Abstract STAT3 is a latent transcription factor that plays a vital role in the transmission of extracellular signal from receptors to the nucleus. It has been regarded

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Orbital abscess treated by ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration and catheter drainage: A case report.

  Related ArticlesOrbital abscess treated by ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration and catheter drainage: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Sep;98(39):e17365 Authors: Wang Y, Zhang J, Dong L, Jiang H, Song X Abstract RATIONALE: Periorbital cellulitis or an orbital abscess caused by acute sinusitis is a serious acute infectious disease. If not treated in time, serious complications may occur.

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• A Consistent, Reliable Landmark to Assist in Placement of Orbital Floor Reconstruction Plates After Blowout Fractures.

  Related ArticlesA Consistent, Reliable Landmark to Assist in Placement of Orbital Floor Reconstruction Plates After Blowout Fractures. J Craniofac Surg. 2019 Oct;30(7):2277-2279 Authors: Amin JD, Rizzi CJ, Trent G, Greywoode J, Grumbine L, Raghavan P, Vakharia KT Abstract OBJECTIVE: To define a reliable and consistent landmark, the superior posterior wall of the maxillary sinus, and to describe how t

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Enhanced Interferon-β Response Contributes to Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

  Related ArticlesEnhanced Interferon-β Response Contributes to Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Front Immunol. 2018;9:2330 Authors: Jang YJ, Lim JY, Kim S, Lee Y, Kweon MN, Kim JH Abstract Type I interferon (IFN-I, including IFN-α and IFN-β) response has been implicated in eosinophilic inflammation, in addition to antiviral function. This study aimed to investigate the role of IFN-I in the pathoge

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Clinical Application of 3-Dimensional Printing Technology for Patients With Nasal Septal Deformities: A Multicenter Study.

  Related ArticlesClinical Application of 3-Dimensional Printing Technology for Patients With Nasal Septal Deformities: A Multicenter Study. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 12 01;144(12):1145-1152 Authors: Kim DH, Yun WS, Shim JH, Park KH, Choi D, Park MI, Hwang SH, Kim SW Abstract Importance: Studies have shown the controllability and porosity of polycaprolactone as well as the use of 3-dimensio

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• An Unusual Entity Presenting as Bilateral Cervical Lymphadenopathy.

  Related ArticlesAn Unusual Entity Presenting as Bilateral Cervical Lymphadenopathy. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 12 01;144(12):1176-1177 Authors: Shahi S, Gautam D, Pantha T PMID: 30326034 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Does Hospital Volume Affect Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery?

  Related ArticlesDoes Hospital Volume Affect Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery? Otol Neurotol. 2018 04;39(4):481-487 Authors: Hatch JL, Bauschard MJ, Nguyen SA, Lambert PR, Meyer TA, McRackan TR Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of hospital surgical case volume on the outcomes of vestibular schwannoma surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review.

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• Pleomorphic lipoma.

  Related ArticlesPleomorphic lipoma. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2018 Feb;16(2):208-210 Authors: Jäger M, Winkelmann R, Eichler K, Valesky E, Kaufmann R, Meissner M PMID: 29328546 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

  Head and Neck

  Thu Oct 03, 2019 03:20
• BMC Research Notes
• Preterm births and associated factors among mothers who gave birth in Axum and Adwa Town public hospitals, Northern Ethiopia, 2018

  The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of preterm births among mothers who gave birth in Axum and Adwa public hospitals, Tigray, North Ethiopia, 2018.

  BMC Research Notes

  Tue Oct 01, 2019 17:00