ABSTRACT Objective Gansu province is a region with the highest gastric cancer incidence and mortality in Northwest China. Epstein‐Barr Virus‐associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) is an important subtype of gastric cancer which shows specific clinicopathological features such as older‐age bias, male predominance, lower lymph‐node‐metastasis, and a better cancer‐related survival comparing to EBV‐negative gastric cancers. However, the prevalence of EBVaGC has never been studied in Gansu Province,...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 12:13
Abstract The Ebola virus is highly infectious and characterized of hemorrhagic fever, headache, etc. with high mortality rate. Currently there are neither therapeutic drugs or vaccines against Ebola virus nor fast diagnositic method for the detection of Ebola virus infection. This study reported the induction and isolation of two monoclonal antibodies that specifically recognized the glycoprotein (GP) and secreted glycoprotein (sGP) of Ebola virus. Plasmids encoding either GP or sGP were constructed...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 12:13
ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) through an analytical and quantitative meta‐regression methodology. For the most common genotypes 1, 3, and 4, country/subregion explained >77% of the variation in the distribution of each genotype. Genotype 1 was common across MENA, and was more present in high‐risk clinical populations than in the general population. Genotype 3 was much more present in Afghanistan,...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 12:09
ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03424 (Source: ACS Nano)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 05:00
Publication date: Available online 29 October 2019Source: Trends in Pharmacological SciencesAuthor(s): Lei Yang, Liangzhen Zheng, Wee Joo Chng, Jeak Ling DingRecent clinical and therapeutic success with RAF and MEK1/2 inhibitors has revolutionized the existing treatment schemes for previously incurable cancers like melanomas. However, the overall therapeutic efficacies are still largely compromised by the dose-limiting side effects and emerging drug resistance mechanisms. Accumulating evidence has...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 19:09
Publication date: Available online 18 October 2019Source: Biomedicine & PharmacotherapyAuthor(s): Tinghong Ye, Shirui Zhu, Yongxia Zhu, Qiang Feng, Bing He, Yiong Xiong, Lifeng Zhao, Yiwen Zhang, Luoting Yu, Li Yang (Source: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 19:09
In this study, four different solvents; water, ethanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate have been used to extract natural products from date palm fruit using a maceration method. The prepared extracts were investigated for antifibrotic (expression of fibronectin-1 and alpha-smooth muscle actin) and antiproliferative activity in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) stimulated PSCs in vitro. Based on the pharmacological test results, the ethyl acetate extract was subsequently partitioned into nine fractions based...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 19:09
Authors: Abel S, Renz P, Hasan S, White R, Dawodu D, Wegner RE, Fuhrer R Abstract Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels are routinely surveilled after oncologic intervention in patients with prostate cancer. Occasionally, PSA levels are elevated because of factors unrelated to disease recurrence, such as herbal supplement use. False-positive PSA elevations may confound the clinical picture and subsequent decision-making processes, potentially leading to unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 18:56
This nonrandomized controlled trial assesses whether bariatric surgery is associated with skin cancer incidence in patients with obesity. (Source: JAMA Dermatology)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 01:00
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Published online: 30 October 2019; doi:10.1038/s41575-019-0217-8Primary liver cancers are frequently accompanied by rearrangements of metabolic pathways. This Review discusses the role of metabolic liver disruptions and the implications of these processes, emphasizing their clinical relevance and value in early diagnosis and prognosis and as putative therapeutic targets. (Source: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome caused by pathogenic germline variants in DNA mismatch repair genes (MMR) MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2. LS accounts for 3 –5% of all colorectal cancers (CRC). LS associated CRC generally has microsatellite instability and lacks for MMR protein expression. The risk of CRC in LS patients is between 10 and 82% depending on the involved MMR gene. LS patients are at high risk to develop synchronous/metachronous cancer...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
ConclusionsTheMAPK14 gene SNP rs851023 was associated with PCa and aggressive PCa risk after multiple comparison adjustment. Further studies in other populations or functional studies are needed to validate the finding. (Source: Cancer Causes and Control)MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
ConclusionsLong-term prognosis in patients with stage II/III MCO after one-stage surgery without preoperative decompression was similar to that in patients without MCO. (Source: International Journal of Colorectal Disease)MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
ConclusionsThe longer the follow-up, the greater the risk of developing diffuse-type gastric cancer becomes in patients with mild-to-moderate gastric atrophy at baseline. Endoscopic surveillance should be continued beyond 10 years after cure ofH. pylori irrespective of the severity of gastric atrophy. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
This article reviews the main findings of four decades of clinical investigation based on these analytical approaches, focusing on the measurement of TXA2 metabolites to characterize the pathophysiologic role of transiently or persistently enhanced platelet activation and to describe the clinical pharmacology of COX-1 inhibition in health and disease. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Actinidia chinensis Planch. (A. chinensis), commonly known as Chinese kiwifruit, is a China native fruit, which becomes increasingly popular due to attractive economic, nutritional, and health benefits properties. The whole plant including fruits, leaves, vines, and roots of A. chinensis are used mainly as food or additive in food products and as folk medicine in China. It is a good source of triterpenoids, polyphenols, vitamin C, carbohydrate, amino acid, and minerals. These constituents render...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Authors: Muscarella Fabrizio De Bonis Mancini Balsamo Graziano Centra Sparaneo Trombetta Bonfitto Scagliusi Larizza Capoluongo Fazio Thanks to personalized medicine trends and collaborations between industry, clinical research groups and regulatory agencies, next generation sequencing (NGS) is turning into a common practice faster than one could have originally expected. When considering clinical applications of NGS in oncology, a rapid...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
AbstractCancer-specific defects in DNA repair pathways create the opportunity to employ synthetic lethality approach. Recently, GEMA (gene expression and mutation analysis) approach detected insufficient expression of BRCA or NHEJ (non-homologous end joining) to predict PARP inhibitors response. We evaluated a possible role of DNA repair pathways using gene expression of single-strand break (XPA,XPC, XPG/ERCC5, CSA/ERCC8, and CSB/ERCC6) and double-strand break (ATM,BRCA1,BRCA2,RAD51,XRCC5,XRCC6,LIG4)...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Publication date: November–December 2019Source: Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy, Volume 24, Issue 6Author(s): Haruka Oi, Satoshi Yamamoto, Yoshiharu Kono, Yukiyoshi MasakiAbstractLymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is histologically similar in form to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and is an epithelial tumor that is suggested to be involved in infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), but it is rare to occur in the colon. A 35-year-old woman was found to have a rectal wall thickening...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 18:11
ConclusionsStudies uniformly show a linear radiation dose-response relationship between mean absorbed dose to the heart (heart-Dmean) and the risk of dying as a result of cardiac disease, particularly when heart-Dmean exceeds 5 Gy. Limited data are available regarding dose-volume predictors for heart substructures and the risk of subsequent cardiac toxicity. An individual patient’s cardiotoxicity risk can be modified with advanced treatment planning techniques, including deep inspiration breath hold....
Wed Oct 30, 2019 18:11
ConclusionsWithin the limitations of the small sample size, there was no evidence of meaningful effect on PFS by metformin even though evidence of modulation of IGF-1 signaling axis was apparent. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 18:08
ConclusionsThe variant Y186C is prevalent among Brazilians of African ancestry and should be taken in account in targeted genotyping for fluoropyrimidine risk variants. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
Wed Oct 30, 2019 18:08
AbstractThe population pharmacokinetics of atezolizumab demonstrate that the trough concentrations are well above the putative target of 6 µg/ml. Thus, alternative dosing schedules are indeed of interest, focusing on reducing the frequency to allow greater patient convenience and reduced costs. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 18:08
(Source: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Conclusions: A considerable part of rare mutations that occur in addition to known driver mutations are likely to affect tumor development and progression. (Source: Cancers)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
(Source: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie)MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Conclusions: Taken together, the serum levels of COMP are elevated in the metastatic patients and may be a potential novel biomarker for the evaluation of the prognosis in this population. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Oncogene, Published online: 30 October 2019; doi:10.1038/s41388-019-1081-2Histone deacetylases, Mbd3/NuRD, and Tet2 hydroxylase are crucial regulators of epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity and tumor metastasis (Source: Oncogene)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Oncogene, Published online: 30 October 2019; doi:10.1038/s41388-019-1071-4WNT5B exerts oncogenic effects and is negatively regulated by miR-5587-3p in lung adenocarcinoma progression (Source: Oncogene)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
ConclusionsIn vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that the uptake of radiolabeled acetate was significantly higher in IDH-mutated cells than in IDH-wild-type cells. (Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
In conclusion, glucose-conjugated 1,4-naphthoquinones show potent activity and selectivity in human CRPC exerted via mitochondrial targeting. The compounds can overcome drug resistance against current standard therapies and suppress pro-survival mechanisms. This unique combination of properties makes them new promising candidates for the treatment of CRPC. (Source: Cancers)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
ConclusionRepeat SRS is a safe and effective novel therapeutic approach to consider in carefully selected patients. (Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Over the past 2 decades, major technical advances in radiation therapy planning and delivery have made it possible to deliver higher doses to select high-risk volumes. This has helped to expand the role of radiation therapy in the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies. Whereas dose escalation was previously limited by the radiosensitivity of normal tissues within and adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract, advances in target delineation, patient immobilization, treatment planning, and image-guided...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
In pediatric brain tumors, the intensification of chemotherapy has allowed for a reduction in radiotherapy (RT) volume to an involved field approach, particularly in patients with medulloblastoma. For patients with low-grade gliomas, the trend has remained to delay RT with chemotherapy; however, when RT is used, typically smaller clinical target volume margins are used. For patients with extracranial tumors, intensive chemotherapy to address systemic disease with local control is considered standard....
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
This article discusses the present use of radiation therapy for some of the most common benign conditions. (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Imaging in radiation oncology is essential for the evaluation of treatment response in tumors and organs at risk. This influences further treatment decisions and could possibly be used to adapt therapy. This review article focuses on the currently used imaging modalities for response assessment in radiation oncology and gives an overview of new and promising techniques within this field. (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Conclusion: Compared with ARH, LRH provided better intra-operative and post-operative outcomes, with no significant difference in oncologic outcomes and survival. Urinary retention remains a clinical issue to improve with LRH. The technology of LRH has been improved in China to address the inconsistent results of oncologic outcomes in previous studies. Whether these improvements could be effective needs to be investigated in the future. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 30 October 2019; doi:10.1038/s41571-019-0296-zPhase I trials form the foundations of evidence-based oncology. Here, we explore the ethical controversies surrounding how participation in such trials should be presented to patients. (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
Authors: Edoardo Giannini Andrea Aglitti Mauro Borzio Martina Gambato Maria Guarino Massimo Iavarone Quirino Lai Giovanni Levi Sandri Fabio Melandro Filomena Morisco Francesca Ponziani Maria Rendina Francesco Russo Rodolfo Sacco Mauro Viganò Alessandro Vitale Franco Trevisani on behalf of the Associazione Italiana per lo Studio del Fegato (AISF) HCC Special Interest Group Despite progress in our understanding of the biology of hepatocellular...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 00:00
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