Abstract The current experiment aims to highlight the regenerative capacity of bone marrow c‐kit positive cells in the restoration of asthmatic pulmonary function in the rat model. Data showed that these cells were successfully recruited to the asthmatic niche after intra‐tracheal administration and accelerate the regeneration of asthmatic lungs by the modulation of inflammation via the control of GATA‐3 and T‐bet expression, leading to decreased tracheal responsiveness to methacholine and reduction...
Mon Jul 27, 2020 11:15
New Findings What is the central question of this study? The role of cerebral hemodynamic response to either normobaric or hypobaric hypoxia in people susceptible to acute mountain sickness (AMS) is still under debate. Prefrontal cortex NIRS‐derived parameters were monitored in normobaric hypoxia at rest and during moderate intensity exercise in AMS‐prone and non‐AMS individuals. What is the main finding and its importance? AMS‐prone individuals did not increase microvascular...
Mon Jul 27, 2020 11:14
Abstract Task‐switching paradigms, which involve task repetitions and between‐task switches, have long been used as a benchmark of cognitive control processes. When mixed and single‐task blocks are presented, two types of costs usually occur: the switch cost , measured by contrasting performance on switch and repeat trials during the mixed‐task blocks, and the mixing cost , calculated as the performance difference between the all‐ repeat trials from the single‐task blocks and the repeat trials from...
Tue Jul 28, 2020 12:12
Abstract Children's self‐regulation is a core adaptive system in child development. Physiological indices of regulation, particularly the autonomic nervous system (ANS), have garnered increased attention as an informative level of analysis in regulation research. Cardiography supports the simultaneous examination of both ANS branches via measures of pre‐ejection period (PEP) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) as indicators of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, respectively. However, despite...
Mon Jul 27, 2020 22:00
Abstract While proactive inhibition (PI) frequently occurs in response to novel stimuli due to interference from previously learned information, shifts in semantic category on a preceding trial lead to the attenuation of learning interference effects such as PI, resulting in significantly improved performance on short‐term memory tasks. This study examined how the release from PI also leads to a reduction in semantic inhibition, as measured primarily through an event‐related potential (ERP) electroencephalography...
Mon Jul 27, 2020 16:37
Mon Jul 27, 2020 22:54
Abstract By secreting insulin and glucagon, the β‐ and α‐cells of the pancreatic islets play a central role in the regulation of systemic metabolism. Both cells are equipped with ATP‐regulated potassium (KATP) channels that are regulated by the intracellular ATP/ADP ratio. In β‐cells, KATP channels are active at low (non‐insulin‐releasing) glucose concentrations. An increase in glucose leads to KATP channel closure, membrane depolarization and electrical activity that culminates in elevation of...
Mon Jul 27, 2020 16:43
Key points Although in vitro recordings using neonatal preparations from mouse models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) suggest increased motoneurone excitability, in vivo recordings in adult ALS mouse models have been conflicting. In adult G93A SOD1 models, spinal motoneurones have previously been shown to have deficits in repetitive firing, in contrast to the G127X SOD1 mouse model. Our in vivo intracellular recordings in barbiturate‐anaesthetised adult male G93A SOD1 mice reveal that...
Mon Jul 27, 2020 16:42
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