Abstract Extending the natalizumab interval after the 24th administration could reduce the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). The objective is to evaluate the noninferiority of the efficacy of an extended interval dosing (EID) compared with the standard interval dosing (SID) of natalizumab. It is an observational, multicenter (14 Italian centers), retrospective cohort study, starting from the 24th natalizumab infusion to the loss of follow-up or 2 years after...
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Abstract Studies comparing the effects of natalizumab and fingolimod in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) are limited. We aimed to compare natalizumab and fingolimod effects on clinical, neuropsychological, and MRI measures in RRMS patients after 2 years of treatment. RRMS patients starting natalizumab (n = 30) or fingolimod (n = 25) underwent neurologic, neuropsychological, and brain MRI assessments at baseline, month (M) 6, M12, and M24. Volumes of lesions, brain,...
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Abstract Alcohol use disorders remain one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity across the world, yet despite this impact, there are few treatment options for patients suffering from these disorders. To this end, non-invasive brain stimulation, most commonly utilizing technologies including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), has recently emerged as promising potential treatments for alcohol use disorders. Enthusiasm...
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Abstract Infective endocarditis is one of the complications encountered in patients with uncorrected tetralogy of Fallot; however, there have been only limited reports on surgical treatment of this condition. A 38-year-old man with uncorrected tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia previously palliated with modified Blalock–Taussig shunt was diagnosed with aortic valve infective endocarditis and developed severe aortic regurgitation. He underwent urgent aortic valve replacement,...
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AbstractThere is an extensive modification of the functional organization of the brain in the congenital blind human, although there is little understanding of the structural underpinnings of these changes. The visual system of macaque has been extensively characterized both anatomically and functionally. We have taken advantage of this to examine the influence of congenital blindness in a macaque model of developmental anophthalmia. Developmental anophthalmia in macaque effectively removes the normal...
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AbstractWhile a lot is known about classical, anterograde neurotransmission, less is known about the mechanisms and molecules involved in retrograde neurotransmission. Our hypothesis is that N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), the most abundant dipeptide in the brain, may act as a retrograde transmitter in the brain. NAAG was predominantly localized in dendritic compartments of glutamatergic synapses in the intact hippocampus, where it was present in close proximity to synaptic-like vesicles. In acute...
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ABSTRACTThe brain operates at a critical point that is balanced between order and disorder. Even during rest, unstable periods of random behavior are interspersed with stable periods of balanced activity patterns that support optimal information processing. Being born preterm may cause deviations from this normal pattern of development. We compared 33 extremely preterm (EPT) children born at < 27 weeks of gestation and 28 full-term controls. Two approaches were adopted in both groups, when they...
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This Viewpoint explores the potential for plant-based meat alternatives to improve human diets, alleviate concern about the contamination that industrial meat production creates, and create a healthy and sustainable food source for the increasing global population but cautions that the health and environmental benefits remain to be proven.
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Conditions: Living-Donor Kidney Transplant; Kidney Transplant Recipients Interventions: Biological: lulizumab pegol; Biological: antithymocyte globulin (rabbit); Drug: methylprednisolone; Biological: tocilizumab; Drug: Prednisone; Drug: everolimus; Biological: belatacept; Drug: mycophenolate mofetil; Drug: mycophenolic acid Sponsors: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); Bristol-Myers Squibb; Clinical Trials in Organ Transplantation Not yet recruiting...
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Condition: HIV-1-infection Intervention: Other: This is an observational study only. Sponsors: Massachusetts General Hospital; Africa Health Research Institute; Mbarara University of Science and Technology; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); Wellcome Trust; ViiV Healthcare; Harvard Medical School; University of KwaZulu; E mory University Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful...
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Conditions: HIV/AIDS; Adherence, Medication Intervention: Device: Digital Pill Sponsors: University of Colorado, Denver; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Condition: Chronic Eustachian Salpingitis Intervention: Device: Balloon dilation of the Eustachian tubes Sponsors: Piedmont Ear, Nose, Throat and Related Allergy, PC; Acclarent Not yet recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
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Conditions: Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura; Splenectomy; Status Intervention: Procedure: Immunolabeling Sponsor: University Hospital, Bordeaux Completed (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Condition: Hen Egg Allergy Interventions: Biological: AR201 Powder; Biological: Placebo powder Sponsor: Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc. Recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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An NCI-funded clinical trial is testing the immunotherapy drug nivolumab (Opdivo) in people who have advanced cancer and an autoimmune disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or multiple sclerosis, who are often excluded from such trials.
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Abstract A novel feature dimensionality reduction strategy based on kernel regularized relevance weighted discriminant analysis is proposed in this paper with some interesting characteristics. First, the proposed method has shown its effectiveness in dealing with a small sample size problem when using the regularized linear discriminant analysis (RLDA) technique and Kernel theory. Second, a new computation method is proposed to solve the complicated and inefficient computation...
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Publication date: Available online 26 August 2019Source: Journal of Surgical EducationAuthor(s): Holly Yong, Qiaoling Chen, Edward Yoo, Stanley Lau, Walter Vazquez, Donald Shaul, Roman SydorakBackgroundGeneral surgery resident participation in the operating room is critical in training the next generation of surgeons. As of yet, the impact of resident participation on outcomes of surgery for pectus excavatum and many complex subspecialty operations has not been well studied.MethodsA multi-institutional...
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BackgroundThe primary cause of traumatic injury in older adults is fall. Recent reports suggest that cognitive function contributes significantly to fall risk. Therefore, by targeting cognitive function for intervention, we could potentially reduce the incidence of fall and injury.Primary objectiveTo explore the effectiveness of a 16-week cognitive training (CT) intervention to reduce risk and incidence of fall in community-dwelling older adults at risk for fall.OutcomesPrimary outcome is number...
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IntroductionText mining to support screening in large-scale systematic reviews has been recommended; however, their suitability for reviews in injury research is not known. We examined the performance of text mining in supporting the second reviewer in a systematic review examining associations between fault attribution and health and work-related outcomes after transport injury.MethodsCitations were independently screened in Abstrackr in full (reviewer 1; 10 559 citations), and until no more citations...
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Abstract In this prospective study we investigated whether the pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform (POP) could be used to identify return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Tweleve pigs (28 ± 2 kg) were randomly assigned to two groups: Group I (non-arrested with compressions) (n = 6); Group II (arrested with CPR and defibrillation) (n = 6). Hemodynamic parameters and POP were collected and analyzed. POP was analyzed using both...
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Abstract Venous air-embolism (VAE) potentially catastrophic complication surgery. Based on previous data using changes in end-tidal nitrogen as an indicator of VAE, we surmised that changes in end-tidal argon (EtAr) may be an indicator of VAE. We sought to determine if a commercial mass-spectrometer (PCT Proline Analyzer 61700-8 Class 85, Ametek, Pittsburgh, PA 15238) could be used to detect changes in EtAr in an invitro model. A Drager Apollo™ (Drager, Lubeck, Germany) anesthesia...
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Abstract Quantitative neuromuscular block (NMB) assessment is an internationally recognised necessity in anesthesia care whenever neuromuscular blocking agents are administered. Despite this, the incidence of residual neuromuscular block and its associated major respiratory morbidity and mortality remain unacceptably high considering its preventable nature. Recent surveys show that quantitative NMB assessment is not consistently employed by anesthesiologists. Availability, price...
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Abstract In critical illness hypo-and hyperglycemia have a negative influence on patient outcome. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) could help in early detection of hypo-and hyperglycemia. A requirement for these new methods is an acceptable accuracy and precision in clinical practice. In this pilot study we prospectively evaluated the accuracy and precision of two CGM sensors (subcutaneous sensor: Sentrino®, Medtronic and intravasal sensor: Glucoclear®, Edwards) in 20 patients...
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Abstract The mesenteric traction syndrome (MTS) is associated with prostacyclin (PGI2) facilitated systemic vasodilatation during surgery and is identified by facial flushing. We hypothesized that severe facial flushing would be related to the highest concentrations of plasma PGI2 and accordingly to the highest levels of skin blood flow measured by laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI). Patients scheduled for major upper abdominal surgery were consecutively included. Within the...
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Abstract The use of machine learning (ML) in healthcare has enormous potential for improving disease detection, clinical decision support, and workflow efficiencies. In this commentary, we review published and potential applications for the use of ML for monitoring within the hospital environment. We present use cases as well as several questions regarding the application of ML to the analysis of the vast amount of complex data that clinicians must interpret in the realm of continuous...
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Abstract To compare the accuracy and trending ability of the cardiac index (CI) measured by FloTrac/Vigileo™ (CIFT) or derived by the Fick equation (CIFick) using E-CAiOVX (enables continuous monitoring of oxygen consumption) with that measured by thermodilution (CITD) in patients with off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. Twenty-two patients undergoing elective off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery were included. CIFT and CIFick were determined simultaneously at six time-points...
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Abstract Hypotension in patients under general anesthesia is prevalent and causes unfavorable outcomes. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a surrogate marker for atherosclerosis and useful for evaluating the risk of cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the usefulness of preoperative CIMT measurement as a predictor of post-induction hypotension (PIH). The ultrasonographic measurement of CIMT was performed preoperatively on 82 patients scheduled for elective surgery under...
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Abstract Epidural maintenance technique for labour analgesia updates constantly. Thanks to infusion pumps, the recently developed programmed intermittent epidural bolus (PIEB) may reduce the use of anesthetic drugs and minimize unintended consequences such as cardio or neurotoxicity. Nevertheless, it is not yet a general practice. So far, there are no comparative studies in the literature that address levobupivacaine-based CEI + PCEA versus CEI + PIEB + PCEA. A randomized double-blind...
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Abstract Background The ideal local anesthetic for use in ambulatory spinal anesthesia is safe, with minimal adverse effects, and of a duration that does not impede post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) discharge. Since its approval for use in spinal anesthesia in Europe in 2012, chloroprocaine has seen a resurgence. Recent studies have investigated the safety and efficacy of preservative-free chloroprocaine for use in spinal anesthesia, but...
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Conditions: Pediatric Cancer; Palliative Intervention: Other: Palliative home visit Sponsor: Indonesia University Active, not recruiting (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
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