Topography of the central retinal artery relevant to retrobulbar reperfusion in filler complications
Background: Vision loss due to retrograde occlusion of the central retinal artery is a serious complication of cosmetic filler injections. Salvation methods that involve applying hyaluronidases in the retrobulbar space to degrade filler materials have been proposed recently for rescuing the retinal circulation in an ophthalmic emergency. Methods: Sixty-six eyeballs and orbital contents were extracted from formalin-embalmed cadavers and dissected carefully to examine the topographic relationship...
Tue Aug 27, 2019 03:00
Introduction: Despite rapid growth, gluteal fat transplantation has a dismal safety record and often results in inadequate domal projection. Implants alone for gluteal augmentation have also been reported to be less than ideal, with significant complication rates. The idea of combining both implants and fat, as has been described in the breast, was therefore applied to surgery of the buttocks. Materials and Methods: 147 consecutive cases of buttock augmentation were reviewed. Average follow-up...
Tue Aug 27, 2019 03:00
Background: The occlusal plane angle is an important factor in lateral facial aesthetics. Low occlusal plane facial profiles appear planar and long-faced, while high occlusal plane facial profiles are considered more attractive, especially in Asian regions. Clockwise rotation of the occlusal plane for truly aesthetic purposes can be accomplished with double jaw surgery, without need for orthodontic treatments. Methods: Patients with normal occlusion who desired to improve their lateral facial...
Tue Aug 27, 2019 03:00
Introduction: Acellular Dermal Matrix (ADM) is used in most post-mastectomy implant-based breast reconstructions in the United States. It is believed to be safe, despite a slightly increased complication rate. Though never established in a unifying study, the primary advantage of ADM is believed to be an enhanced aesthetic result, thus justifying the added expense. The purpose of this study was to assess the aesthetic benefits of ADM in expander-to-implant breast reconstruction. Methods: A...
Tue Aug 27, 2019 03:00
Introduction: Surgical site infection (SSI) after implant-based breast reconstruction adversely affects surgical outcomes and increases health care costs. This 11-year case-control study examines risk factors specific for SSI after immediate tissue-expander (TE)/implant-based breast reconstruction. Methods: We performed a retrospective review to identify all consecutive patients with breast implant infections between 2006 and 2016. Patients who developed SSI after immediate TE/implant-based...
Tue Aug 27, 2019 03:00
Purpose: Patients undergoing autologous breast reconstruction have higher rates of patient reported satisfaction compared to patients undergoing prosthetic reconstruction. Obesity has been shown to increase postoperative complications in both microsurgical and implant reconstructions. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of microsurgical breast reconstruction and prosthetic breast reconstruction on patient reported outcomes and quality of life in obese patients. Methods:...
Tue Aug 27, 2019 03:00
Background: Nerve transfers are planned based on the following parameters: location; number of branches and axon count matching of the donor and recipient nerves. We have previously defined the former two in upper limb muscles. Axon counts in literature are obtained from various sources, using different methods of histomorphometry. This study describes the axon counts of the same primary motor nerve branches from our previous study using a uniform method of manual histomorphometry and completes...
Tue Aug 27, 2019 03:00
The optimization of ventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a broad field of research. Recent physiological observations in this field challenge the current understanding of respiratory and circulatory interactions. Thanks to different models available (bench, animal, human), the understanding of physiological phenomena occurring during CPR has progressed. In this review, we describe the clinical observations that have led to the emerging concept of lung volume reduction and associated...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:The use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in the emergency setting to reverse hypercapnic coma in frail patients with end-stage chronic respiratory failure and do-not-intubate orders remains a questionable issue given the poor outcome of this vulnerable population. We aimed to answer this issue by assessing not only subjects' outcome with NIV but also subjects' point of view regarding NIV for this indication.METHODS:A prospective observational case-control study was conducted in 3 French...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:Endotracheal tubes with standard polyvinyl chloride cuffs create folds on inflation into the trachea, which lead to potential leakage of subglottic secretions into the lower airways and cause lung colonization and pneumonia. The use of a double-layer prototype leak-proof cuff has shown effective prevention of the fluid leakage across the cuff. We hypothesized that the use of such a leak-proof cuff could prevent lung bacterial colonization in vivo.METHODS:To simulate patients in the ICU,...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:Studies on the association of obesity with mortality in subjects with ARDS have yielded inconsistent results.METHODS:In a sub-analysis of the Oscillation for ARDS Treated Early (OSCILLATE) randomized controlled trial, 451 subjects were divided into 5 strata based on their body mass index (BMI) using the World Health Organization definitions: underweight < 18.5 kg/m2; normal weight 18.5–24.99 kg/m2; overweight 25–29.99 kg/m2; obese 30–39.99 kg/m2; severely obese > 40 kg/m2. The primary...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:This study sought to explore factors in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) that predicted whether (i) someone was engaged in full-time paid work, and (ii) those engaged in paid work reported problems with absenteeism and/or presenteeism.METHODS:Adults with cystic fibrosis who live in Western Australia completed absenteeism and presenteeism questions from the World Health Organization's Health Performance Questionnaire. The participants were grouped by work status (full time vs part time...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:The gas mask constitutes the main respiratory protective equipment in a chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear environment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the gas mask on respiratory pattern, gas exchange, and indexes of respiratory effort in patients with moderate to severe stable COPD.METHODS:Crossover evaluation with 3 randomized-order, 10-min conditions: at rest and with and without a gas mask using 2 different filtered cartridges, each with a distinct inspiratory...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:Studies on the effect of transitional care on hospital readmissions have reported inconsistent findings, and the effect on mortality has not been reviewed systematically. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aims to examine the effect of transitional care interventions on COPD-related readmissions, all-cause hospital readmissions, and all-cause mortality rates in subjects with COPD.METHODS:Electronic databases (CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, MEDLINE, Cochrane,...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:Using telehealth in pulmonary rehabilitation (telerehabilitation) is a new field of health-care practice. To successfully implement a telerehabilitation program, measures of acceptance of this new type of program need to be assessed among potential users. The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to measure acceptance of using telerehabilitation by health-care practitioners and patients.METHODS:Three objectives were met (a) constructing a modified scale of the technology acceptance...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:Self-management of patients with COPD has received increasing attention in recent years given its association with improved outcomes. There is a scarcity of feasible interventions that can improve self-management abilities. We recently reported the positive effect of health coaching, started at the time of hospital discharge, on re-hospitalizations and emergency department visits for patients with COPD admitted for an exacerbation. In this substudy, we aimed to investigate the effects...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:Pediatric airway management is a challenging process at community emergency departments (CEDs) due to lower pediatric volume, a lack of pediatric expertise among staff, and a lack of pediatric-specific equipment and resources. This has contributed to increased mortality in pediatric patients presenting to CEDs in comparison to pediatric academic medical centers (AMCs). We hypothesized that a collaborative program between CEDs and the state AMC would improve the quality of pediatric airway...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:Respiratory complications remain a major cause of morbidity in cardiac surgery patients. This study aimed to determine the prognostic parameters associated with the application of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for the treatment of acute respiratory failure, along with the possible predictors associated with NIV failure, among the subjects who underwent cardiac surgery.METHODS:This was a retrospective cohort study. Data on all adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery in a single center...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:Because both dyspnea and pain have common features from a clinical and physiologic point of view, we hypothesized that stellate ganglion irradiation by using a linear polarized near-infrared ray device, which is often used for pain management, might be applicable for dyspnea relief. To evaluate the use of stellate ganglion irradiation as a novel noninvasive treatment for dyspnea, we investigated the influence of stellate ganglion irradiation on dyspnea.METHODS:Perceptions of dyspnea were...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
Noninvasive respiratory support refers to strategies aimed at providing oxygenation and/or ventilation without the use of an artificial airway. These strategies include the use of standard oxygen delivery devices (face masks, low-flow nasal cannulas), noninvasive ventilation, and high-flow nasal cannula. Considerable interest has been generated recently as to which therapy provides the optimum noninvasive support. This review examined the important literature related to noninvasive respiratory support...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is considered a multisystem degenerative disease due to its autonomic dysfunction effects. Autonomic cardiac control disorders can be seen in ALS and influence the quality of life and the life expectancy of affected individuals. We evaluated heart rate variability in subjects with ALS and with variable lung capacity.METHODS:We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study performed in 42 subjects with ALS. The subjects were classified into 2 groups according...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:Users of home mechanical ventilation encounter major psychological and physiologic challenges. To ensure well-functioning home mechanical ventilation, users' experiences of care and treatment are important knowledge to supplement clinical perspectives. This systematic review aimed to summarize current qualitative evidence regarding experiences of home mechanical ventilation users.METHODS:By following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines, 9 databases...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:Apnea time allows the clinician to set a minimum spontaneous respiratory frequency when using noninvasive neurally-adjusted ventilatory assist (NIV-NAVA). Short apnea times may provide backup ventilation during periods of physiologic variability causing overventilation and suppression of spontaneous respiratory drive. Longer apnea times may allow more spontaneous ventilation but can result in insufficient respiratory support. The purpose of this study was to evaluate various apnea times...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:ARDS is a highly morbid condition characterized by diffuse pulmonary inflammation, which results in hypoxemic respiratory failure. Approximately 25% of patients with ARDS develop right ventricular dysfunction, with cor pulmonale being a common final pathway in a significant number of non-survivors. ARDS-related right ventricular dysfunction occurs due to acute elevation in ventricular afterload caused by mechanisms that are associated with increased pulmonary dead space fraction. Thus,...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
BACKGROUND:Chronic lung disease is the most common morbidity affecting very low birthweight (VLBW) infants. Many of these infants are discharged home on oxygen, placing significant emotional and financial burdens on families. We sought to reduce the proportion of VLBW infants requiring discharge home on oxygen by improving convalescent respiratory practices.METHODS:We performed a prospective quality-improvement project for infants with birth weights ≤ 1,500 g in a single neonatal ICU. Using Plan-Do-Study-Act...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 17:05
Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, Ahead of Print. Background:Melanoma incidence increases with socioeconomic status but the effect of rurality and access to primary care or dermatology on patient outcomes is unclear.Objectives:The objectives of this study were to determine whether access to care, rurality, or socioeconomic status are associated with melanoma stage at presentation and prognosis.Methods:Linked administrative databases from Ontario, Canada, were retrospectively analyzed to...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 08:49
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Wed Aug 28, 2019 12:50
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Wed Aug 28, 2019 12:19
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Wed Aug 28, 2019 12:18
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Wed Aug 28, 2019 12:13
The composition of Earth’s atmosphere depends on the redox state of the mantle, which became more oxidizing at some stage after Earth’s core started to form. Through high-pressure experiments, we found that Fe2+ in a deep magma ocean would disproportionate to Fe3+ plus metallic iron at high pressures. The separation of this metallic iron to the core raised the oxidation state of the upper mantle, changing the chemistry of degassing volatiles that formed the atmosphere to more oxidized species. Additionally,...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 20:34
Rhizobial infection and root nodule formation in legumes require recognition of signal molecules produced by the bacteria and their hosts. Here, we show that rhizobial transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNA fragments (tRFs) are signal molecules that modulate host nodulation. Three families of rhizobial tRFs were confirmed to regulate host genes associated with nodule initiation and development through hijacking the host RNA-interference machinery that involves ARGONAUTE 1. Silencing individual tRFs...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 20:34
Twin and family studies have shown that same-sex sexual behavior is partly genetically influenced, but previous searches for specific genes involved have been underpowered. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 477,522 individuals, revealing five loci significantly associated with same-sex sexual behavior. In aggregate, all tested genetic variants accounted for 8 to 25% of variation in same-sex sexual behavior, only partially overlapped between males and females, and do not allow...
Thu Aug 29, 2019 20:34
Thu Aug 29, 2019 20:34
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