Antibiotics, Vol. 8, Pages 129: Antibiotic Resistance: From the Bench to Patients Antibiotics doi: 10.3390/antibiotics8030129 Authors: Márió Gajdács Fernando Albericio The discovery and subsequent clinical introduction of antibiotics is one of the most important game-changers in the history of medicine [...]
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Antibiotics, Vol. 8, Pages 128: Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Malaysia: A Review of Antimicrobial Resistance and Characteristics of the Clinical Isolates, 1990–2017 Antibiotics doi: 10.3390/antibiotics8030128 Authors: Ainal Mardziah Che Hamzah Chew Chieng Yeo Suat Moi Puah Kek Heng Chua Ching Hoong Chew Staphylococcus aureus is an important nosocomial pathogen and its multidrug resistant strains, particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), poses a serious threat...
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An important step for assistive systems and robot companions operating in human environments is to learn the compositionality of human activities, i.e, recognize both activities and their comprising actions. Most existing approaches address action and activity recognition as separate tasks, i.e., actions need to be inferred before the activity labels, and are thus highly sensitive to the correct temporal segmentation of the activity sequences. In this paper, we present a novel learning approach...
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The existing machine learning algorithms for minimizing the convex function over a closed convex set suffer from slow convergence because their learning rates must be determined before running them. This paper proposes two machine learning algorithms incorporating the line search method, which automatically and algorithmically finds appropriate learning rates at run-time. One algorithm is based on the incremental subgradient algorithm, which sequentially and cyclically uses each of the parts...
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Impedance control has been widely used in robotic applications where a robot has physical interaction with its environment. However, how the impedance parameters are adapted according to the context of a task is still an open problem. In this paper, we focus on a physical training scenario, where the robot needs to adjust its impedance parameters according to the human user's performance so as to promote their learning. This is a challenging problem as humans' dynamic behaviours are difficult to...
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ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04384
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ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05168
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ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04179
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ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04200
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ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04967
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ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04031
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ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03397
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ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05605
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ACS NanoDOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b01740
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Critically ill children who present to emergency departments with lower pediatric readiness have a greater risk for death, a study found.Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Critical Care Headlines)MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
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How do survival outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest differ between men and women?Critical Care (Source: Medscape Critical Care Headlines)
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Abstract Clinical trial endpoints often take the form of bounded outcome scores (BOS) which report a discrete set of values on a finite range. Conceptually such endpoints are ordered categorical in nature, but in practice they are often analyzed as continuous variables, which may result in data range violations and difficulties to handle data skewness. Analysis methods dedicated for BOS data have been proposed; however, much confusion exists among pharmacometricians on how to...
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Abstract The effects of temperature on fatigue crack propagation in a pseudoelastic NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) were analyzed. Single edge crack specimens were used and near crack tip displacements were captured by in situ digital image correlation (DIC). The effective stress intensity range was estimated from displacement data by a fitting procedure involving the William’s solution. Stress intensity range was also estimated using a recent analytical model that accounts for the...
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Abstract Among all shape memory alloys, the iron-based FeMnNiAl has emerged as one of the most promising compositions with a huge superelasticity temperature window (> 400 °C). In this article, we first point to the high local transformation strains (> 10%) and high transformation stress levels (500–700 MPa) that result in a large work output. When subjected to either tensile or compressive loading, the transformation stress exhibits very small temperature dependence (Clausius–Clapeyron...
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Early defects in translation elongation factor 1α levels at excitatory synapses in α-synucleinopathy
Abstract Cognitive decline and dementia in neurodegenerative diseases are associated with synapse dysfunction and loss, which may precede neuron loss by several years. While misfolded and aggregated α-synuclein is recognized in the disease progression of synucleinopathies, the nature of glutamatergic synapse dysfunction and loss remains incompletely understood. Using fluorescence-activated synaptosome sorting (FASS), we enriched excitatory glutamatergic synaptosomes from mice overexpressing...
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Abstract Leiomyosarcomas are known to typically originate from smooth muscle cell. Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare mesenchymal tumor associated with delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis. We report a rare case of leiomyosarcoma arising from the left adrenal gland in a 27-year-old male who presented with left side back ache. It was a solid mass of \({9} \times 6.5 \times 7\) ...
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Abstract We examined whether vasopressin affects the distribution, anesthesia duration, and circulatory dynamics of lidocaine. Blood flow was measured after injecting 0.003, 0.03, or 0.3 U/mL vasopressin and 2% lidocaine (L) to the upper lip of rats. Radioactivity and distribution of 14C-labeled L (CL) in the palate, palatal mucosa, maxilla bone, and blood was measured by autoradiography after injecting CL and CL + 0.03 U/mL vasopressin. To evaluate anesthesia duration, somatosensory-evoked...
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The Fig. 20 is not from the study by Shiba et al., but is a courtesy from Dr. Stéphane Armand, Laboratory of Kinesiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Unfortunately, the affiliation for the following authors was incorrectly published in the original publication.
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This article investigated the role of semantic transparency in processing root compound nouns in Persian individuals with Broca's aphasia through picture confrontation naming and repetition tasks. The relationship between semantic transparency and affected constituents of nouns showed that semantic transparency had no role in processing compound nouns. The results showed that transparent, opaque and partially transparent compound nouns were processed by dual-routes (holistic and decomposing). Frequency...
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BACKGROUND: Childhood maltreatment (CM) is recognized as a non-specific risk factor for Eating Disorders (EDs), but the mechanisms explaining this association have been insufficiently assessed. We aim to explore the psychological pathways through which CM ... (Source: SafetyLit)MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
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Abstract Background Rhinoplasty is associated with intraoperative bleeding which affects the quality of the operation and may increase the time of surgery. The aim of this study was to assess the role of nasal spray of desmopressin on reduction in intraoperative bleeding during elective open rhinoplasty. Methods Conducting an interventional study in our hospital,...
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Abstract Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ReCell® autologous cell regeneration techniques combined with dermabrasion treatment on the therapy of acne scars. Methods We analyzed retrospectively 78 patients with acne scars who presented to the Department of Plastic Surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from May 2015 to May 2017; 30 patients...
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Abstract Introduction Whereas body-contouring surgery after massive weight loss in women receives much attention, little attention has been devoted to accentuating the male physique. Male patients after massive weight loss often suffer from redundant skin and soft tissue in the anterior and lateral chest region, causing various deformities of pseudogynecomastia. The authors present their approach to high-grade pseudogynecomastia correction...
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Abstract Introduction This systematic review aims to examine surgical and non-surgical treatments and identify those procedures that are most effective in terms of patient satisfaction. Materials and Methods A systematic review protocol was developed a priori in accordance with the Preferred Reporting for Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Protocols...
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Abstract Background Chest reconstruction (‘top surgery’) is an important component of transition in the transmasculine population that can substantially improve gender incongruence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic characteristics, surgical technique, and postoperative outcomes following transmasculine chest surgery. Methods Using ICD...
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Abstract Purpose The Stress-Prevention@Work implementation strategy has been demonstrated to be successful in reducing stress in employees. Now, we assess the economic return-on-investment to see if it would make for a favourable business case for employers. Methods Data were collected from 303 health-care workers assigned to either a waitlisted control condition...
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Abstract Purpose To examine if occupational lifting assessed as cumulative years as a baggage handler is associated with first-time hospital diagnosis or treatment for low back disorders. Methods This study is based on the Copenhagen Airport Cohort consisting of male baggage handlers performing heavy lifting every day and a reference group of unskilled men...
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AbstractTo investigate oral-feeding practices for infants and children receiving nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) respiratory support. A survey was sent to Neonatal (NICU) and Paediatric Intensive Care Units (PICU) in Australia and New Zealand to explore feeding practices for infants/children receiving nCPAP and HFNC, including criteria for commencing/recommencing oral feeding, frequency of oral feeding, strategies to assist oral feeding, assessment...
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by Richard J. Wang, Beth L. Dumont, Peicheng Jing, Bret A. Payseur The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a proteinaceous scaffold required for synapsis and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. Although the SC has been linked to differences in genome-wide crossover rates, the genetic basis of standing variation in SC structure remains unknown. To investigate the possibility that recombination evolves through changes to the SC, we characterized the genetic architecture of SC...
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by Nicolas Giguère, Benoît Delignat-Lavaud, Freja Herborg, Aurore Voisin, Yuan Li, Vincent Jacquemet, Madhu Anand-Srivastava, Ulrik Gether, Bruno Giros, Louis-Éric Trudeau Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Rare genetic mutations in genes such as Parkin, Pink1, DJ-1, α-synuclein, LRRK2 and GBA are found to be responsible for the disease in about 15% of the cases. A key unanswered...
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Abstract Purpose The induced membrane technique (IMT) is a two-stage procedure dedicated to reconstruction of bone defects of the limbs. The objective of this report was to evaluate employment of the IMT for the treatment of open tibia fractures managed in a military trauma center treating both wartime and peacetime injuries. Methods A retrospective study...
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Abstract Introduction Temporary abdominal closure is frequently used in several situations such as abbreviated surgery in damage control situations or when closing is impossible due to organ distention or increased abdominal pressure. The ultimate goal is to eventually close the fascia; however, little is known about factors predicting abdominal closure. The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics associated with the need...
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Abstract One major role of an accurate distribution of abdominal adipose tissue is to predict disease risk. This paper proposes a novel effective three-level convolutional neural network (CNN) approach to automate the selection of abdominal computed tomography (CT) images on large-scale CT scans and automatically quantify the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue. First, the proposed framework employs support vector machine (SVM) classifier with a configured parameter to cluster...
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Abstract Given the low self-healing capacity of fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage, tissue engineering holds great promise for the development of new regenerative therapies. However, dedifferentiation of cartilage cells during expansion leads to fibrous tissue instead of cartilage. The purpose of our study was to generate 3D microtissues, spheroids, mimicking the characteristics of native fibrocartilage or articular cartilage to use as modular units for implantation in meniscal...
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AbstractBackgroundPatients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and concomitant noncoronary atherosclerosis have a high risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and death. The impact of lipid lowering by proprotein convertase subtilisin–kexin type 9 inhibition in such patients is undetermined. ObjectivesThis pre-specified analysis from ODYSSEY OUTCOMES (Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes After an Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With Alirocumab) determined whether polyvascular...
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AbstractBackgroundPatients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and history of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are at high risk for recurrent cardiovascular events and death. ObjectivesThis study sought to determine the clinical benefit of adding alirocumab to statins in ACS patients with prior CABG in a pre-specified analysis of ODYSSEY OUTCOMES (Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes After an Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With Alirocumab). MethodsPatients (n = 18,924) 1 to 12 months...
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AbstractBackgroundThere is paucity of evidence on the impact of anticoagulation (AC) after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement (AVR) on valve hemodynamics and clinical outcomes. ObjectivesThe study aimed to assess the impact of AC after bioprosthetic AVR on valve hemodynamics and clinical outcomes. MethodsData on antiplatelet and antithrombotic therapy were collected. Echocardiograms were performed at 30 days and 1 year post-AVR. Linear regression model and propensity-score adjusted cox proportional...
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AbstractBackgroundArterial 18fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is considered a measure of atherosclerotic plaque macrophages and is used for quantification of disease activity in clinical trials, but the distribution profile of FDG across macrophages and other arterial cells has not been fully clarified. ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to analyze FDG uptake in different arterial tissues and their contribution to PET signal in normal and atherosclerotic arteries....
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AbstractA healthy aorta exerts a powerful cushioning function, which limits arterial pulsatility and protects the microvasculature from potentially harmful fluctuations in pressure and blood flow. Large-artery (aortic) stiffening, which occurs with aging and various pathologic states, impairs this cushioning function, and has important consequences on cardiovascular health, including isolated systolic hypertension, excessive penetration of pulsatile energy into the microvasculature of target organs...
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AbstractBackgroundThe GUIDE-IT (GUIDing Evidence Based Therapy Using Biomarker Intensified Treatment in Heart Failure) trial demonstrated that a strategy to "guide" application of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) by reducing amino-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was not superior to GDMT alone. ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the prognostic meaning of NT-proBNP changes following heart failure (HF) therapy intensification relative to the goal NT-proBNP...
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by Daniel T. Claiborne, Eileen P. Scully, Christine D. Palmer, Jessica L. Prince, Gladys N. Macharia, Jakub Kopycinski, Clive M. Michelo, Howard W. Wiener, Rachel Parker, Krystelle Nganou-Makamdop, Daniel Douek, Marcus Altfeld, Jill Gilmour, Matt A. Price, Jianming Tang, William Kilembe, Susan A. Allen, Eric Hunter Despite extensive research on the mechanisms of HLA-mediated immune control of HIV-1 pathogenesis, it is clear that much remains to be discovered, as exemplified by protective HLA...
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by William J. Pandori, Tatiane S. Lima, Sharmila Mallya, Tiffany H. Kao, Lanny Gov, Melissa B. Lodoen IL-1β is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine that promotes immunity and host defense, and its dysregulation is associated with immune pathology. Toxoplasma gondii infection of myeloid cells triggers the production and release of IL-1β; however, the mechanisms regulating this pathway, particularly in human immune cells, are incompletely understood. We have identified a novel pathway of T. gondii...
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by Jay Vornhagen, Yuang Sun, Paul Breen, Valerie Forsyth, Lili Zhao, Harry L. T. Mobley, Michael A. Bachman Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp), one of the most common causes of healthcare-associated infections, increases patient morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization costs. Kp must acquire nutrients from the host for successful infection; however, the host is able to prevent bacterial nutrient acquisition through multiple systems. This includes the innate immune protein lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), which...
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