IntroductionSurgery is one of the primary treatments for lung cancer. The postoperative symptom burden experienced by patients with lung cancer is substantial, seriously delaying their recovery from surgery and impairing their quality of life. Patient-reported outcome (PRO)-based symptom management is increasingly regarded as an optimal model for patient-centred care. Currently, clinical trial-based evidence involving early-phase (immediately after surgery for up to 1 month) symptom management of...
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ObjectivesThe aims of our study were to describe current hepatitis B prevalence among Vietnamese Americans and to examine predictors of hepatitis B risk in this specific ethnic community. DesignCross-sectional analysis of data from a community-based screening program. SettingThis analysis was based on hepatitis screening community events in Southern California. Participants2508 Vietnamese Americans in Southern California. Outcome measuresSerological tests for hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis...
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ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the association between positive roadside tests for delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and other driving-impairing substances and THC concentrations and the age and gender of THC-positive drivers. DesignThis study is based on administrative data. Setting, participants and exposuresNational administrative data on drivers who tested positive in confirmation analysis of driving-impairing substances in oral fluid were assessed (2011–2016, 179 645 tests). Primary...
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IntroductionRefractory gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (rGORD) is a common disease, affecting patients’ quality of life. Since conventional medicines have limitations, like low effective rates and adverse events, acupuncture may be a promising therapy for rGORD. While no related systematic review has been published, the present study is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for rGORD. Methods and analysisPubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Chinese...
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IntroductionObstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is common among older surgical patients, and delirium is a frequent and serious postoperative complication. Emerging evidence suggests that OSA increases the risk for postoperative delirium. We hypothesise that OSA is an independent risk factor for postoperative delirium, and that in patients with OSA, perioperative adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy decreases the incidence of postoperative delirium and its sequelae. The proposed retrospective...
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IntroductionOver 30% of Canadians between the ages of 16 and 24 years attend university. This period of life coincides with the onset of common mental illnesses. Yet, data to inform university-based mental health prevention and early intervention initiatives are limited. The U-Flourish longitudinal study based out of Queen’s University, Canada and involving Oxford University in the UK, is a student informed study funded by the Canadian Institute for Health Research Strategy for Patient Oriented Research...
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IntroductionThe increasing number of children and young people entering statutory care in the UK is a significant social, health and educational priority. Development of effective approaches to safely reduce this number remains a complex but critical issue. Despite a proliferation in interventions, evidence summaries are limited. The present protocol outlines a scoping review of research evidence to identify what works in safely reducing the number of children and young people (aged ≤18 years) entering...
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PurposeThe Early Life Exposure in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) Project is a mother–child pregnancy and birth cohort originally initiated in the mid-1990s to explore: (1) whether enhanced mobilisation of lead from maternal bone stores during pregnancy poses a risk to fetal and subsequent offspring neurodevelopment; and (2) whether maternal calcium supplementation during pregnancy and lactation can suppress bone lead mobilisation and mitigate the adverse effects of lead exposure on offspring...
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IntroductionCommunity health workers (CHWs)—shown to improve access to care and reduce maternal, newborn, and child morbidity and mortality—are re-emerging as a key strategy to achieve health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, recent evaluations of national programmes for CHW-led integrated community case management (iCCM) of common childhood illnesses have not found benefits on access to care and child mortality. Developing innovative ways to maximise the potential benefits of...
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IntroductionEmotional disclosure (ED) is a term used to describe the therapeutic expression of emotion. ED underlies a variety of therapies aimed at improving well-being for various populations, including people with palliative-stage disease and their family carers. Systematic reviews of ED-based psychotherapy have largely focused on expressive writing as a way of generating ED. However, heterogeneity in intervention format and outcome measures has made it difficult to analyse efficacy. There is...
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PurposeThe Jundiaí Zika Cohort (JZC) is a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort setup in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, to investigate the epidemic of cases of microcephaly and other neurological disorders, presumed to be associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. ParticipantsA total of 748 women with high-risk pregnancies were recruited in the period of March 2016 to August 2017. Findings to dateBaseline sociodemographic and medical data were collected at recruitment from 737 pregnant women....
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ObjectivesThere is no current detailed profile of people seeking chiropractic care in Canada. We describe the profiles of chiropractors’ practice and the reasons, nature of the care provided to their patients and extent of interprofessional collaborations in Ontario, Canada. DesignCross-sectional observational study. SettingPrimary care setting in Ontario, Canada. ParticipantsWe randomly recruited chiropractors from a list of registered chiropractors (n=3978) in active practice in 2015. Of the...
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ObjectivesThis study aimed to analyse trends in socioeconomic inequalities in suicide mortality in Barcelona before and after the start of the economic crisis that started at the end of 2008, including both individual factors and contextual factors of the deceased’s neighbourhood of residence. DesignThis is a trend study of three time periods: pre-economic crisis (2006–2008), early crisis (2009–2012) and late crisis (2013–2016). SettingTotal Barcelona residents between 2006 and 2016 (≥25 years...
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IntroductionInnovation is key to improving outcomes in healthcare. Innovative pharmaceutical products undergo rigorous phased research evaluation before they are introduced into practice. The introduction of innovative invasive procedures and devices is much less rigorous and phased research, including randomised controlled trials, is not always undertaken. While the innovator (usually a surgeon) may introduce a new or modified procedure/device within the context of formal research, they may also...
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ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the impact of using different weighting procedures for the German Index of Multiple Deprivation (GIMD) investigating their link to mortality rates. Design and settingIn addition to the original (normative) weighting of the GIMD domains, four alternative weighting approaches were applied: equal weighting, linear regression, maximization algorithm and factor analysis. Correlation analyses to quantify the association between the differently weighted GIMD versions...
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IntroductionErectile dysfunction (ED) is the most common male sexual disorder that severely impacts the sexual performance and quality of life of men. As the main subtype of ED, psychogenic ED (pED) has been demonstrated to be a genitourinary disease and also associated with alterations in both brain structure and function. However, the scattered neuroimaging evidence from individual studies has not yet been integrated, and the central pathological alterations associated with pED remain unclear....
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ObjectiveTo synthesise the evidence for the multifaceted self-management interventions for older women with urinary incontinence (UI) and to understand the outcomes associated with these interventions. DesignA systematic review and narrative synthesis to identify randomised controlled trials that investigated the effect of multifaceted self-management interventions for older women with UI. MethodsMEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts...
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IntroductionEarly mobilisation has been extensively advocated to improve functional outcomes in critically ill patients, even though consistent evidence of its benefits has remained elusive. These conflicting results could be explained by a lack of knowledge on the optimal dosage of physical therapy and a mismatch between ventilatory support and exercise-induced patient ventilatory demand. Modern mechanical ventilators provide real-time monitoring of respiratory/metabolic variables and ventilatory...
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ObjectivesAlthough detecting breast cancer at an early stage through screening has been clearly shown to be an effective strategy, the screening participation rate in China remains low. This systematic review sought to synthesise the current evidence to identify factors associated with breast cancer screening participation among women in mainland China. DesignThis study was a systematic review. Data sourcesStudies were collected from PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE and three major Chinese databases,...
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ObjectiveTo derive and validate a new clinical prediction rule to risk-stratify emergency department (ED) patients admitted with suspected sepsis. DesignRetrospective prognostic study of prospectively collected data. SettingED. ParticipantsPatients aged ≥18 years who met two Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome criteria or one Red Flag sepsis criteria on arrival, received intravenous antibiotics for a suspected infection and admitted. Primary outcome measureIn-hospital all-cause mortality....
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ObjectivesTo explore adolescents’ experiences of being diagnosed with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). DesignQualitative interview study, using a phenomenological framework and analysis. SettingThe children’s clinic of a specialised out-care hospital located in a multicultural area of a Swedish city. Participants13 adolescents, 7 boys and 6 girls between 14 and 19 years old, who had been diagnosed with ADHD. ResultsThe participants’ experience of being diagnosed with ADHD was...
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ObjectivesTo determine at what glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level physicians from eight European countries would initiate insulin in type 2 diabetes, which physician or practice related factors influenced this level and whether physicians would differentiate between a younger uncomplicated patient and an older patient with comorbidities. DesignCross-sectional study with data from the Guideline Adherence to Enhance Care study. Setting and participants410 physicians from both primary and secondary...
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Yun YH, Kim K, Sim J, et al. Comparison of attitudes towards five end-of-life care interventions (active pain control, withdrawal of futile life-sustaining treatment, passive euthanasia, active euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide): a multicentred cross-sectional survey of Korean patients with cancer, their family caregivers, physicians and the general Korean population. BMJ Open 2018;8:e020519. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017–020519. This article was previously published with below errors. In the...
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ObjectiveThe limited existing asthma control questionnaires that are available for children 5 years of age or younger in China mostly assess only the impairment domain of asthma control. Here, the English version of the Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids (TRACK) was translated into Chinese and validated for its application in asthma control in preschool children. DesignProspective validation study. Setting and participantsA total of 321 Chinese preschool children suffering from asthma...
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Abstract Most existing systems for calibrating multi-projector display suffered from several important limitations such as dependence on point of view, restriction on the display surface and moreover the number of projectors and using obtrusive markers. In this paper, a new method for view-independent calibration for multi-projector displays is presented. Given that the calibration problem of a multi-projector display is an optimization problem, we compute the calibration parameters...
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IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 4185: Role of NF-κB in Platelet Function International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20174185 Authors: Kevin Kojok Abed El-Hakim El-Kadiry Yahye Merhi Platelets are megakaryocyte-derived fragments lacking nuclei and prepped to maintain primary hemostasis by initiating blood clots on injured vascular endothelia. Pathologically, platelets undergo the same physiological processes of activation, secretion, and aggregation yet with such pronouncedness...
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IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 4182: Building a Bridge between Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Investigating the Effect of Chemotherapy on Immune Checkpoint Expression International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20174182 Authors: Marcq Audenaerde Waele Jacobs Loenhout Cavents Pauwels Meerbeeck Smits In light of the promising results of immune checkpoint blockade (ICPB) in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), we...
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IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 4184: Characterization of Tachyplesin Peptides and Their Cyclized Analogues to Improve Antimicrobial and Anticancer Properties International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20174184 Authors: Felicitas Vernen Peta J. Harvey Susana A. Dias Ana Salomé Veiga Yen-Hua Huang David J. Craik Nicole Lawrence Sónia Troeira Henriques Tachyplesin I, II and III are host defense peptides from horseshoe crab species with antimicrobial and anticancer...
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IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 4180: L1 Cell Adhesion Molecule in Cancer, a Systematic Review on Domain-Specific Functions International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20174180 Authors: Maten Reijnen Pijnenborg Zegers L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is a glycoprotein involved in cancer development and is associated with metastases and poor prognosis. Cellular processing of L1CAM results in expression of either full-length or cleaved forms of the protein. The different...
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IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 4181: Positive Effects of Ger-Gen-Chyn-Lian-Tang on Cholestatic Liver Fibrosis in Bile Duct Ligation-Challenged Mice International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20174181 Authors: Zi-Yu Chang Chin-Chang Chen Hsuan-Miao Liu Yuan-Chieh Yeh Tung-Yi Lin Tzung-Yan Lee Tse-Hung Huang The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Ger-Gen-Chyn-Lian-Tang (GGCLT) suppresses oxidative stress, inflammation, and angiogenesis during experimental...
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IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 4183: Investigating the Role of VDR and Megalin in Semi-Selectivity of Side-Chain Modified 19-nor Analogs of Vitamin D International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20174183 Authors: Klaudia Berkowska Aoife Corcoran Małgorzata Grudzień Agnieszka Jakuszak Michał Chodyński Andrzej Kutner Ewa Marcinkowska 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) is implicated in many cellular functions, including cell proliferation and differentiation, thus...
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IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 4179: Zebrafish and Medaka: Two Teleost Models of T-Cell and Thymic Development
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 4179: Zebrafish and Medaka: Two Teleost Models of T-Cell and Thymic Development International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20174179 Authors: Baubak Bajoghli Advaita M. Dick Annisa Claasen Larissa Doll Narges Aghaallaei Over the past two decades, studies have demonstrated that several features of T-cell and thymic development are conserved from teleosts to mammals. In particular, works using zebrafish (Danio rerio) and medaka (Oryzias...
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IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 4178: Correction: Huang, H.-M., et al. Effects of Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil on Skin Wound Healing: In Vivo and In Vitro Testing. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 2579 International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20174178 Authors: Chang-Chih Chen Chia-Jen Nien Lih-Geeng Chen Kuen-Yu Huang Wei-Jen Chang Haw-Ming Huang The authors are sorry to report that some of the HPLC data reported in their recently published paper [...]
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Abstract With the advent of immunomodulatory therapies and the HIV epidemic, the impact of JC Virus (JCV) on the public health system has grown significantly due to the increased incidence of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML). Currently, there are no pharmaceutical agents targeting JCV infection for the treatment and the prevention of viral reactivation leading to the development of PML. As JCV primarily reactivates in immunocompromised patients, it is proposed that...
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FDA issues draft guidance encouraging the inclusion of male patients in breast cancer clinical trials (Source: FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research - What's New)MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
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Draft guidance for industry: Male Breast Cancer: Developing Drugs for Treatment. (Source: FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research - What's New)
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Men are often excluded from clinical trials of breast cancer drugs on the basis of sex. The US Food and Drug Administration wants to change that.Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Hematology-Oncology Headlines)
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(Source: The Doctors Lounge - Oncology)
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Exposure to ≥ 250 mg/m ² doxorubicin - equivalent anthracycline chemo tied to risk for CVD, heart failure (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Oncology)
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