Abstract Hybrid zones are particularly valuable for understanding the evolution of partial reproductive isolation between differentiated populations. An increasing number of hybrid zones have been inferred to move over time, but in most such cases zone movement has not been tested with long‐term genomic data. The hybrid zone between Townsend's Warblers (Setophaga townsendi) and Hermit Warblers (S. occidentalis) in the Washington Cascades was previously inferred to be moving from northern S. townsendi...
Abstract The explanation for the continued existence of sex, despite its many costs, remains one of the major challenges of evolutionary biology. Previous experimental studies have demonstrated that sex increases the rate of adaptation in novel environments relative to asexual reproduction. Whilst these studies have investigated the impact of sex on adaptation to stressful abiotic environments, the potential for biotic interactions to influence this advantage of sex has been largely ignored. Species...
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Ortho‐quinones are versatile functional groups found in nature, materials science, and total synthesis. Despite their broad utility, the synthesis of o‐quinones remains a significant challenge, and in particular, access to electron‐deficient derivatives remains an unsolved problem. Herein, we report the first general method for the synthesis of electron‐deficient o‐quinones via the direct oxidation of phenols. The reaction is enabled by a novel bidentate nitrogen‐ligated I(V) reagent, a previously...
The healthy prostate contains the highest concentration of mobile zinc for all soft tissues in the body. As this level decreases dramatically during the initial development of prostate cancer, in vivo detection of prostate zinc content may be applied for diagnosis of prostate cancer. Using 19F ion chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging (iCEST MRI) and TF‐BAPTA as a fluorinated Zn‐binding probe with micromolar sensitivity, we show here that iCEST MRI is able to differentiate...
6‐Methylenebicyclo[3.2.1]oct‐1‐en‐3‐one, a twisted and highly reactive enone, was prepared for the first time via elimination of its bromide precursor. Reactions with several dienes as a Diels‐Alder dienophile proceeded smoothly to provide tricyclic and tetracyclic adducts, which allowed short syntheses (10‐11 steps) of four kurane diterpenoids including 11β‐hydroxy‐16‐kaurene, 11α‐hydroxy‐16‐kaurene, liangshanin G, and gesneroidin B.
Chemical reduction of OBO‐fused double[5]helicene with Group 1 metals (Na and K) has been investigated for the first time. Two doubly‐reduced products have been isolated and structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, revealing a solvent‐separated ion triplet (SSIT) with Na+ ions and a contact‐ion pair (CIP) with K+ ion. As the key structural outcome, the X‐ray crystallographic analysis discloses the consequences of adding two electrons to the double helicene core in the SSIT...
Two‐dimensional molecular crystals (2DMCs) open a new door for controllable growing 2D materials by molecular design with energy gap and solution processing tunability. However, the growth of 2DMCs with defined molecular layers remains full of challenges. Herein, we report a novel method to produce various 2DMCs with defined molecular layers. By tuning surface tension and viscosity to control solution spreading on liquid surface, large‐area quasi‐freestanding 2DMCs from bulk size down to monolayer...
Transition‐metal catalyzed cross‐couplings between aromatic electrophiles and nucleophiles have revolutionized modern chemical syntheses with broad applications. Nevertheless, transition‐metal‐free approaches are preferable with the concerns of various issues caused by metal catalysts. This mini‐review summarizes the recent progress of light‐enabled transition‐metal‐free installation of carbon‐carbon and carbon‐heteroatom bonds on aromatics, which opens a new avenue in aromatic reactions. Additionally,...
The direct fluorination of C−H bonds has emerged as a powerful method for accessing functional molecules such as pharmaceuticals or PET radiotracers. This Review provides an overview of the state of play of this field with an emphasis on the advantages and limitations of the main activation modes exploited to date. The discussion brings to light the importance of the fluorination reagent, and the challenges associated with nucleophilic C−H fluorination methods. Abstract This Review summarizes...
Crosslinked perovskite crystals: Incorporation of π‐conjugated organic crosslinkers into the organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskite structure imparts stability towards light and high moisture degradation without compromising power conversion efficiencies. Abstract Methylammonium lead halide perovskite‐based solar cells have demonstrated efficiencies as high as 24.2 %, highlighting their potential as inexpensive and solution‐processable alternatives to silicon solar cell technologies. Poor stability...
A BN membrane with a distinct nanoconfinement effect toward efficient ethylene/ethane separation is proposed and designed. It was formed by the nanoconfinement of reactive ionic liquids into the percolating nanochannels from the self‐assembly of BN nanosheets. Abstract A BN membrane with a distinct nanoconfinement effect toward efficient ethylene/ethane separation is presented. The horizontal and inclined self‐assembly of 2D BN nanosheets endow the BN membrane with abundant percolating nanochannels,...
Multicolor photonic barcodes have been designed based on 1D Ln‐MOF multiblock heterostructures. The excellent heteroepitaxial growth characteristics of MOFs enable the effective modulation of the coding structures, thereby increasing the encoding capacity remarkably. The multicolor barcodes enable an efficient authentication and pave the way to hybrid MOFs for optical data recording and security labels. Abstract Micro/nanoscale multicolor barcodes with unique identifiability and a small footprint...
A nanoreactor modified with a phosphine ligand enabled the efficient hydrogenation of benzoic acid (BA) over Ru nanoparticles in organic solvent under mild conditions. This cannot be achieved in unmodified nanoreactors; the phosphine ligands can manipulate the adsorption strength of BA on Ru NPs. Abstract It is a challenging task to promote the activity and selectivity of a catalyst via precisely engineering the microenvironment, an important factor related with the catalytic performance of...
More than one way: CO2 Hydrogenation on Cu/Al2O3 is studied by combining state‐of‐the art synthetic methods with operando spectroscopy and computational chemistry to elucidate possible reaction mechanisms forming CH3OH, CO, and CH3OCH3. Abstract Selective hydrogenation of CO2 into methanol is a key sustainable technology, where Cu/Al2O3 prepared by surface organometallic chemistry displays high activity towards CO2 hydrogenation compared to Cu/SiO2, yielding CH3OH, dimethyl ether (DME), and...
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be used not only as a therapeutic agent for chemodynamic therapy (CDT), but also as a stimulus to activate release of anti‐tumor drugs, achieving enhanced efficacy through the combination of CDT and chemotherapy. Here we report a pH/ROS dual‐responsive nanomedicine consisting of β‐lapachone (Lap), pH‐responsive polymer and ROS‐responsive polyprodrug. In the intracellular acidic environment, the nanomedicine can realize pH‐triggered disassembly. The released Lap can...
The terminal diarsene HAs=AsH ligand attracts special interest concerning its bonding relation in comparison to its isolable relative, ethene. Herein, by the methanolysis of [{Fe(CO)4}As(SiMe3)3] (1) the synthesis of [{Fe(CO)4}(eta2‐As2H2)] (2) is reported, containing a diarsene as unprecedented side‐on coordinated ligand HAs=AsH. Following this synthetic route, also the D‐labeled complex [{Fe(CO)4}(eta2‐As2D2)] (2D) could be isolated. The electronic structure and bonding situation of 2 was elucidated...
The ever‐increasing demand for rechargeable batteries induces significant pressure on the worldwide metal supply, depleting resources and arising cost and environmental issues. In that framework, developing the chemistry of anion‐inserting electrode organic materials could promote the fabrication of molecular (metal‐free) rechargeable batteries. However, few examples are reported because little effort has been made to develop such anionic‐ion batteries. Here we show the design of two anionic host...
Hypoxia, as a characteristic feature of solid tumor, can significantly adversely affect the outcomes of cancer radiotherapy (RT), photodynamical therapy or chemotherapy. In this study, we have developed a novel strategy to overcome tumor hypoxia induced radiotherapy tolerance. Specifically, a novel two‐dimensional Pd@Au bimetallic core‐shell nanostructures (TPAN) was employed for the sustainable and robust production of O2 in long‐term via the catalysis of endogenous H2O2. Notably, the catalytic...
Metal‐free nanocarbons are promising candidates as low‐cost catalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions (HER), but their inferior Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption (ΔGH*) and relatively hydrophobic nature suppress the HER and their all‐pH HER catalytic potential is rarely explored. Herein, we introduce a combined surface and dual electronic modulation strategy to realize efficient robust metal‐free all‐pH HER catalysis by coupling metal‐organic‐framework derived N‐doped carbon framework (MHCF,...
Polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) is usually synthesized from nitrogen‐rich monomers such as cyanamide, melamine and urea, but is rather disordered in many cases. Here, a new allotrope of carbon nitride with internal heterostructures was obtained by co‐condensation of very electron poor monomers (e.g., 5‐amino‐tetrazole and nucleobases) in the presence of mild molten salts (e.g., NaCl/KCl) to mediate the polymerization kinetics and thus modulate the local structure, charge carrier properties, and most...
The regio‐ and stereoselective preparation of fully substituted and stereodefined silyl enol ethers of ketone and aldehyde are reported through an allyl‐Brook rearrangement. This fast and efficient strategy proceeds from a mixture of E and Z‐isomers of easily accessible starting materials.
Easy as 1/2/3: 1/2/3PEF (photon‐excited fluorescence) was correlated with pressure‐induced fluorochromism in MOFs. The multiphoton excited fluorochromic performance can be greatly enhanced after pressure stimulation. Abstract In multiphoton excited fluorescence (MPEF), high‐energy upconversion emission is obtained from low‐energy excitation by absorbance of two or more photons simultaneously. In a pressure‐induced fluorochromic process, the emission energy is switched by outer pressure stimuli....
RNA‐cleaving DNAzymes containing H2O2‐responsive and HClO‐responsive modifications are orthogonally activated by these two reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside live cells. This enables precise intracellular activation of DNAzymes under oxidative stress as promising tools to study ROS‐related biological process. Abstract RNA‐cleaving DNAzymes are useful tools for intracellular metal‐ion sensing and gene regulation. Incorporating stimuli‐responsive modifications into these DNAzymes enables their...
An ester–bis‐urea self‐assembles into three competing rod‐like structures in non‐polar solvents. At high T, isotropic dispersions of rods are stabilized by the classical urea–urea hydrogen bonding pattern. At low T, the ester groups interfere in the hydrogen bond network and trigger a mesoscopic alignment of the rods. The transition from low to high T structure is reversible and accompanied by a viscosity increase. Abstract Introduction of competing interactions in the design of a supramolecular...
The working gears of a photocatalyst: Using spectroelectrochemistry with UV/Vis, resonance‐Raman, and transient‐absorption spectroscopy, the reactive intermediates of the photocatalytic cycle of the photocatalyst [(tbbpy)2Ru(tpphz)Rh(Cp*)Cl]Cl(PF6)2 have been studied in detail. Photo‐induced electronic transitions limiting the catalytic efficiency have been identified and can guide structural improvements. Abstract Understanding photodriven multielectron reaction pathways requires the identification...
Inspired by nature: A composite scaffold composed of unidirectional silk and silver compound nanowires can be prepared via ice‐templated assembly and interface‐mediated in situ synthesis. The as‐prepared scaffolds show promising water disinfection activity and performance for solar‐driven water evaporation. Abstract Bioinspired unidirectional porous materials have emerged as a unique class of scaffolds for the fabrication of macroscopic nanomaterial assemblies. However, these scaffolds usually...
No longer hypothetical: Although many hypothetical zeolite frameworks have been proposed, none of them had yet been synthesized by a priori design. In this work, a targeted zeolite structure was successfully synthesized under excess‐fluoride conditions by combining computational predictions of organic structure‐directing agents (OSDAs) with an experimental setup. Abstract Given their great potential as new industrial catalysts and adsorbents, the search for new zeolite structures is of major...
Calling the tune: Tailor‐made cellulose oligosaccharide analogues, including methylated, deoxygenated, deoxyfluorinated, and carboxymethylated cellulose, were prepared by sequential addition of monomeric building blocks using automated glycan assembly. Seven different building blocks bearing modifications to disrupt specific hydrogen bonds enabled the three‐dimensional shapes and properties of the materials to be tuned. Abstract A dense hydrogen‐bond network is responsible for the mechanical...
Highly regio‐ and chemoselective nickel‐catalyzed hydroarylation and hydroalkylation reactions of alkenes were achieved by using Bpin as a directing group. The utility of the method is demonstrated by the late‐stage functionalization of natural products and drug molecules, the synthesis of an anticancer agent, and iterative syntheses. Abstract Metal hydride catalyzed hydrocarbonation reactions of alkenes are an efficient approach to construct new carbon–carbon bonds from readily available alkenes....
The covalent appendage of electron deficient perfluoroaryl substituents to a bis‐iodotriazole pyridinium group produces a powerful halogen bond donor for anion recognition. Using this motif, halogen bonding anion templation is demonstrated as a highly efficient method for constructing a rotaxane in near quantitative yield, capable of strong halide binding in 50 % water containing aqueous media. Abstract The covalent attachment of electron deficient perfluoroaryl substituents to a bis‐iodotriazole...
Kinetically stable micelles are formed from block copolymers (BCPs) using continuous flow techniques. By altering the mixing of the organic and aqueous phase, control over micelle shape and size is achieved and verified using small angle neutron scattering. Abstract The first steps towards top‐down morphology control in micellar self‐assembly are introduced. Kinetically stable micelles are formed from block copolymers (BCPs) using continuous flow techniques by turbulent mixing of water with...
The inherent problems of lithium–sulfur batteries may be overcome through the development of new catalytic materials designed to accelerate the redox kinetics. Recent advances in the field of catalytic materials and the mechanistic understanding of their catalytic activity are provided in this Minireview. Abstract Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) are cost‐effective and high‐energy‐density batteries. However, the insulating nature of active materials, the shuttle effect, and slow redox kinetics...
The first synthesis and structural characterization of FeII based aminoborane complexes of the type [Fe(PNP)(H)(η2:η2‐H2B=NR2)]+ (R=H, Me) is reported. These species are formed upon protonation of the borohydride complex [Fe(PNP)(H)(η2‐BH4)] by ammonium salts NH2R2+ (R=H, Me). Abstract Herein, we report on the first synthesis and structural characterization of the iron based aminoborane complexes [Fe(PNP)(H)(η2:η2‐H2B=NR2)]+ (R=H, Me). These species are formed upon protonation of the borohydride...
A happy end‐on: A new bonding mode of CO2 in vanadium complexes is reported as a starting point for radical H‐atom abstraction. Abstract The second case of linear end‐on and evidence for an unprecedented bridging end‐on coordination mode of CO2 have been discovered for vanadium aryloxide complexes of the tetradentate ligand system (ONNO)2− (ONNO=2,4‐Me2‐2‐(OH) C6H2CH2]2N(CH2)2NMe2). The reaction of divalent (ONNO)VII (TMEDA) with CO2 and under the appropriate reaction conditions affords the...
Self‐assembly through ligation: The reactions of tetrahedral molybdenum complexes bearing “naked” heterodiatomic heavier Group 15 elements, [Cp2Mo2(CO)4(μ,η2:η2‐PE)] (Cp=C5H5; E=As (1), Sb (2)), towards CuI halides were studied. These reactions afforded seven novel supramolecular assemblies in which 1 and 2 link CuI ions with an unprecedented donor behavior involving the P lone pair and the P−E σ‐bond. Abstract The reactions of tetrahedral molybdenum complexes bearing unsubstituted heterodiatomic...
Cores and effect: Dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyrrole cored p‐type semiconductors are developed as dopant‐free hole‐transport materials for perovskite solar cells with an efficiency surpassing 20 %. The modification via π‐conjugation extension and N‐alkylation fine‐tunes the HOMO energy levels, hole mobility, solubility, and film‐forming characteristics. Abstract Organic p‐type semiconductors with tunable structures offer great opportunities for hybrid perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). We report herein...
Electron and nuclear spins can be used for the structure determination of open‐shell catalytic sites in oxygen‐containing materials. A combination of selective 17O isotopic enrichment and the unique properties of open‐shell s‐state monovalent Group 12 cations are used to derive a site‐specific topological description of active sites in an MFI zeolite. Abstract Determining structural models is pivotal to the rational understanding and development of heterogeneous catalytic systems. A paradigmatic...
The monomer‐activated mechanism allows the non‐polymerizable monomer glycidyl tosylate to be copolymerized with ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO), yielding copolymers with 7–25 % incorporated tosylate‐moieties. Abstract Glycidyl tosylate appears to be a non‐polymerizable epoxide when nucleophilic initiators are used because of the excellent leaving group properties of the tosylate. However, using the monomer‐activated mechanism, this unusual monomer can be copolymerized with ethylene...
Herein we describe a direct catalytic asymmetric functionalization of unactivated alkyl indoles using organocatalysis. In the presence of an effective chiral urea catalyst and a phosphoric acid additive, the intermolecular C‒C bond formation between alkyl indoles and trifluoropyruvates proceeded with high efficiency and enantiocontrol. Unlike previous asymmetric C(sp 3 ‒H) functionalizations of α‐azaarenes, this process does not require the use of a strong base or an electron‐deficient substrate....
The construction of communication models at the micro‐/nanoscale involving abiotic nanodevices and living organisms has the potential to open a wide range of applications in biomedical and communications technologies. However, this area remains almost unexplored. Here we report, as a proof of concept, a stimuli‐responsive interactive paradigm of communication between yeasts (as a model microorganism) and enzyme‐controlled Janus Au‐mesoporous silica nanoparticles. In the presence of the stimulus,...
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Abstract As yet, there are still no evidence‐based clinical diagnostic and management guidelines for ambulatory single‐channel EMG devices, like the BUTLER® GrindCare® (GrindCare), that are used in patients with sleep bruxism. Therefore, a consensus meeting was organized with GrindCare developers, researchers, and academic and non‐academic clinicians experienced with the use of ambulatory EMG devices. The aim of the meeting was to discuss and develop recommendations for clinical guidelines for GrindCare...
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Abstract In a complex auditory scene, speech comprehension involves several stages: e.g., segregating the target from the background, recognizing syllables and integrating syllables into linguistic units (e.g., words). Although speech segregation is robust as shown by invariant neural tracking to target speech envelope, whether neural tracking to linguistic units is also robust and how this robustness is achieved, remain unknown. To investigate these questions, we concurrently recorded neural responses...
Abstract The locus coeruleus (LC) contains the majority of central noradrenergic neurons sending wide projections throughout the entire CNS. The LC is considered to be essential for multiple key brain functions including arousal, attention and adaptive stress responses as well as higher cognitive functions and memory. Electrophysiological studies of LC neurons have identified several characteristic functional features such as low frequency pacemaker activity with broad action potentials, transient...
Abstract Unilateral lesions of visual cortex have the secondary consequence of suppressing visual circuits in the midbrain superior colliculus (SC), collectively producing blindness in contralesional space (“hemianopia”). Recent studies have demonstrated that SC visual responses and contralesional vision can be reinstated by a non‐invasive multisensory training procedure in which spatiotemporally concordant visual‐auditory pairs are repeatedly presented within the blind hemifield. Despite this recovery...
Abstract Recent history influences subsequent perception, decision‐making, and motor behaviours. In this paper we address a discrepancy in the effects of recent sensory history on the perceived timing of auditory and visual stimuli. In the synchrony judgement (SJ) task, similar timing relationships in consecutive trials seem more synchronous (i.e., less like the repeated temporal order). This effect is known as rapid recalibration, and is consistent with a negative perceptual aftereffect. Interestingly,...
Abstract Here we combined MRI‐guided electrical microstimulation and viral tracing to examine the function of a corticostriatal circuit implicated by previous cortical microstimulation as modulating affective judgment and decision‐making. Local microstimulation of a small part of the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC) was found to increase avoidance decisions in a cost‐benefit decision‐making task (Ap‐Av task) in which differing amounts of ‘good' and ‘bad' options were given simultaneously....
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מי צריך את כללי הכתיב? במסגרת סדרת הרצאות על הבר בשיתוף ארגון WIZE – הרצאתה של רונית גדיש, המזכירה המדעית של האקדמיה ללשון העברית. איפה? בבר הדיזי פרישדון, דיזנגוף 121 תל אביב מתי? כ"ד אלול תשע"ט, 24 ספטמבר 2019. פתיחת דלתות: 19:00. תחילת ההרצאה: 20:00. הכניסה חופשית אך מותנית ברישום מראש האם כותבים אמנות או אומנות? מתי כותבים כול ומתי כל? למה מים ביו"ד אחת ושמיים בשתיים? כל מי שמעיין בטקסטים עבריים מן המקרא ועד ימינו יבחין בחוסר אחידות בכתיב. בהרצאה ננסה להשיב על השאלה מה היתרונות בהסדרת הכתיב...
אנחנו מרכינים ראש עם פטירתו של פרופ' ששון סומך. פרופ' ששון סומך היה חוקר הספרות הערבית, חתן פרס ישראל בחקר המזרחנות לשנת תשס"ה וחתן פרס אמ"ת לשנת תשס"ח. בעבר שימש מזכיר מדעי באקדמיה ללשון העברית. פרופ' ששון סומך נולד בשנת 1933 בבגדד. בשנת 1951 עלה עם משפחתו לארץ במבצע עזרא ונחמיה. לתואר הראשון למד לשון עברית והיסטוריה באוניברסיטת תל אביב, ולתואר השני למד לשון עברית ובלשנות שמית באוניברסיטה העברית בירושלים בהדרכתם של פרופ' זאב בן־חיים ופרופ' יחזקאל קוטשר. את תואר הדוקטור קיבל מאוניברסיטת אוקספורד...
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Chronic Respiratory Disease, Volume 16, Issue , January-December 2019. Acute exacerbation (AE) of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is defined as a sudden acceleration of the disease with the appearance of pulmonary infiltrates superimposed on the characteristic pattern of IPF that leads to a significant decline in lung function. It has high in-hospital mortality rates, despite medical treatment with systematic steroids. We sought to investigate whether there were in-hospital mortality differences...
Chronic Respiratory Disease, Volume 16, Issue , January-December 2019. In a primary care setting, our aim was to investigate characteristics of patients classified as having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and currently being prescribed inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs). The electronic patient record system in each participating general practice was searched for patients coded as COPD (ICPC, Second Edition code R95) and treated with ICS (ACT code R03AK and R03BA, that is, ICS in combination...
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Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
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Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. As tumor metastasis is the leading cause of death in patients with CRC, it is important to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that drive CRC metastasis. Studies have shown a close relationship between Iroquois homeobox (IRX) family genes and multiple cancers, while the mechanism by which IRX5 promotes CRC metastasis is unclear. Therefore, we focused on the involvement of IRX5 in CRC metastasis. In this study,...
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The actual burden and future burden of the small-for-gestational-age (SGA) babies turn their screening in pregnancy a question of major concern for clinicians and policymakers. Half of stillbirths are due to growth restriction in utero, and possibly, a quarter of livebirths of low- and middle-income countries are SGA. Growing body of evidence shows their higher risk of adverse outcomes at any period of life, including increased rates of neurologic delay, noncommunicable chronic diseases (central...
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Combined pars plana vitrectomy with phacoemulsification for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair
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The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been linked to the regulation of glioma progression. However, the underlying signaling mechanisms that regulate EMT are poorly understood.
The lncRNA LINC00460 plays crucial roles in several epithelial cancers, although its mechanisms of action differ greatly in different cellular contexts. In this study, we aimed to determine the potential clini...
Microsatellite unstable colorectal cancers (MSI+ CRCs) expressing PD-L1, respond to anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 checkpoint blockade, whereas microsatellite-stable tumors do not respond the same. Our aim was to exa...
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Background. Colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) is a homodimeric glycoprotein. The main role of CSF-1 is as a hematopoietic growth factor that modulates proliferation, differentiation, and survival of macrophages. Moreover, CSF-1 has also been reported to be aberrantly expressed in several human cancers. However, the precise role of CSF-1 in upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUC) has not been studied. In this research, we examined the clinical significance of CSF-1 expression in UTUC. Materials...
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Sharada T Rajan, Malathi Narasimhan, K Bharath Rao, Tina Elizabeth JacobJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):303-303 Background: Xylene is one of the most commonly used solvents in industrial and medical technologies. Several health hazards of xylene have been documented in literature. Workers in certain forces appear to have the greatest potential for exposure to high concentrations of xylene – histopathology technicians and painters are two such groups. This study was undertaken...
Umadevi Krishnamohan RaoJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):168-169
Kunal Sah, Neeraj Grover, Sunira Chandra, Sonia GuliaJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):289-291
T SmithaJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):170-171
EJ Akhil Jose, Plato Palathingal, Deepak Baby, Joseph Mathew ThachilJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):309-309 Dentin dysplasia (DD) is an uncommon developmental disturbance affecting dentin, resulting in enamel with atypical dentin formation and abnormal pulpal morphology. Type I (radicular) and Type II (coronal) are the two types of DD. Type I is more common, and both types include single or multiple teeth in primary and permanent dentition. Combinations of both types have...
HR Shwetha, T SmithaJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):172-175 Exosomes are nano-sized particles which belong to the family of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are produced in the endosomal compartment of those cells which mediate intercellular communication. These particles can be found abundantly in the biological body fluids such as urine, blood, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid and breast milk. These vesicles can transfer genetic materials such as the microRNAs, noncoding...
Shruthi Rangaswamy, Rajkumar Garudanahally Chikkalingaiah, P Sharada, Vinod K KumarJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):301-301 Introduction: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is associated with inflammatory changes in at least some stages of the disease. Prostaglandin is one of the main inflammatory mediators and its production is controlled by various enzymes such as cyclooxygenase (COX). The genetic and pharmacological data strongly indicate that COX-2 should be investigated...
Deepak Pandiar, T SmithaJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):176-177
K Nitya, GS Madhushankari, Praveen S Basandi, KP Mohan Kumar, NK Priya, Ashwini RamakrishnaJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):306-306 Background: Reactive lesions of the oral cavity are nonneoplastic proliferations with very similar appearance to benign neoplastic lesions and are associated with chronic local irritation or trauma. Although these lesions are uncommonly associated with carcinogen exposure, at times, they present histopathologically with dysplastic epithelium,...
B Sivapathasundharam, Protyusha Guha Biswas, S PreethiJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):178-186 Classification is the process of grouping similar entities under one category for the ease of their comprehension and better handling. Medical classification dates back to the days of William Farr who is credited with the development of a nosology, which later served as the forerunner for the modern-day disease classification by ICD. The WHO system of classification is a time-honoured...
Achla Bharti Yadav, Alka D Kale, Deepa R Mane, Sumit Kumar Yadav, Seema HallikerimathJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):311-311 Background: Stature or body height is one of the most important and useful anthropometric parameters which determines the physical identity of an individual. As craniofacial structures have the advantage of being composed largely of hard tissue which is relatively indestructible, the careful study of these can enable reliable determination of stature...
Fahad Mansoor Samadi, Shaista Suhail, Manjari Sonam, Mohammad Kaleem Ahmad, Shaleen Chandra, Mohammad SaleemJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):187-191 Introduction: Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for de novo telomere synthesis and addition of telomeric repeats to existing telomeres. Telomerase activity is generally found to be absent in normal tissues. Telomerase is known to be induced upon malignant transformation of human cells. Method: In the...
Manickam Selvamani, PK Bindiya, Nandakishore Bhojaraju, TS Bastian, HS Suhana, Melwin MathewJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):295-299 Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze and identify differences in the palatal rugae patterns and genderwise distributions in three different populations (Kerala, Mahe and Puducherry). Materials and Methods: Ninety maxillary study models (30 from each group including males and females) were examined in the age group ranging from 18 to...
Shweta Vinayak Kumbhojkar, Alka Dinesh Kale, Vinayak R Kumbhojkar, Karishma Madhusudan DesaiJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):192-197 Background: Women's health undergoes physiological, pathological and psychological changes after menopause. Reduced estrogen levels have been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Estrogen is also known to affect the salivary gland functions. To understand the association between serum estrogen, osteoporosis...
Saurabh Kumar Roy, Madhusudan Astekar, Gaurav Sapra, Rajesh Kumar Chitlangia, Nitish RajJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):302-302 Context: Cancer afflicts almost all communities worldwide. Although it arises de novo in many instances, a significant proportion of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) develops from potentially malignant disorders (PMDs). Further, the association of Candida with various potentially malignant and malignant lesions has been reported as a causative...
Pooja Adtani, Malathi Narasimhan, Kannan Ranganathan, Alan Punnoose, Prathibha Prasad, Prabhu Manickam NatarajanJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):198-202 Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic debilitating condition of the oral mucosa that has been classified as a potentially malignant disorder with a malignant transformation rate of 2%–8%. Several in vitro and in vivo experiments have been performed to formulate a treatment modality for OSMF, yet no ideal...
Swetha Acharya, Nishitha Kumari, Pragya Srivastava, Dewin Arnold, Krithi NikhilJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):305-305 Background: The lymph nodes (LNs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are enlarged as a result of reactive lymphadenopathy, metastasis or both. In response to tumor-associated antigens, diverse cell populations of LNs react in different ways, giving rise to a multitude of morphological patterns (MPs). The prognostic value of MPs has been contested. Hence,...
Sashi Kiran Sanapala Venkat Naga, Poosarla Chandra Shekar, Kiran Kumar Kattappagari, Kantheti Lalith Prakash Chandra, Gontu Sridhar Reddy, Baddam Venkat Ramana ReddyJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):203-207 Introduction: Oral cancer is one among the alarming diseases related to oral cavity. Its prevalence and incidence have increased in many folds, in the past decade. This has led the investigators to find the preliminary stages and related early evaluating methods to restrain...
Sandesh Manjunath, C Girish Himadal, Darshan Devang Divakar, Shaista Haleem, Hussain Ahmed Mohammad Faqeeh, Mohammed Yahya M AlshadidiJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):308-308 Background: The objective of this histopathological study was to identify the expression of tumor suppressor gene p53 and to detect the correlation between p53 expression and the degree of dysplasia in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Methods: A sample size of 30 OSMF patients irrespective of sex...
Vaibhav Anand, U Vignesh, Divya Mehrotra, Sumit KumarJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):208-212 Context: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) are multifunctional molecules of transforming growth factor-β superfamily that induces the differentiation of fibroblasts into osteoblasts to form bone. Aims: This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of recombinant human BMP-7 (rhBMP-7) in bone healing of small maxillofacial bone defects and assess the serum levels of osteopontin...
Sandhya Tamgadge, Avinash TamgadgeJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):310-310 Oral lichen planus is a chronic mucocutaneous disorder. There are plethora of 2D histopathological images, but 3D images and 3D animation video of the same have not been published so far. Therefore, this article is a preliminary attempt to present the same which the author has designed herself.
S Vandana, B Kavitha, B SivapathasundharamJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):213-217 Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the most common oral ulcerative diseases with a multifactorial etiology. Although psychological stress is an exacerbating factor, the role of salivary stress hormones, cortisol, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in this oral disease has not been extensively reported. The study aimed to estimate and compare the salivary cortisol and...
T SmithaJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):167-167
Subhasri Raman, Herald J SherlinJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):218-223 Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the utility of immunohistochemical markers such as CD117 and smooth muscle actin (SMA) in the diagnosis of various benign and malignant salivary gland neoplasms. Materials and Methods: The study comprises 17 samples categorized into three groups: Group I consisted of 5 histopathologically normal salivary gland tissue; Group II comprised 7 cases, of...
Ram Prakash, Krishna PrakashJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):292-294 Context: Virtual Microscopy. Aim: The aim of this study was to demonstrate, as a proof of concept, the integration of a Foldscope, along with a smartphone and screen mirroring devices, into the regular academic teaching program for use with all types of regular slides for economical virtual microscopy. Setting, Design & Methods: For the purpose of this demonstration, a microscopic slide of...
Priyanka Yadav, Reeni Malik, Sharda Balani, Rajendra Kumar Nigam, Pramila Jain, Puneet TandonJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):224-230 Background: Understanding the markers for predicting degree of dysplasia and progression to malignancy can help early identification and prompt treatment of patients with oral cancers. In this study, we aim to identify and characterize different tumor suppressor genes such as p-53 and p-16 and proliferation marker Ki-67 in defining stages...
Praveen Kumar Singam, Sumit Majumdar, Divya Uppala, Sreekanth Kotina, Madhurya Namana, Kameswara Rao AyyagariJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):300-300 Background: Oral cancer is the 12th most common cancer in women and the 6th in men. Of all oral malignancies, more than 92-95% is Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). The high risk was due to Lifestyle-related habits such as smoking, alcohol consumption, chewing of areca nut related products which are considered as the major...
Kishore G Bhat, Preeti Khot, Suvarna Patil, Geetha Pattar, Sanjeevini MajukarJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):231-235 Background: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is involved in the etiology of localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP), a condition that frequently requires supplemental antibiotic therapy. Information on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and guidelines for oral antibiotic therapy are not available on Indian patients. Aim: The main aim of the present...
Snehal Shah, Sasidhar Singaraju, Einstein T Bertin, Medhini Singaraju, Ashish SharmaJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):301-301 Background: Micronucleus (MN) is a biomarker for cytotoxicity, which is formed during cell division. Increased MN scoring has been successfully used to recognize population groups at risk for cancers of oral cavity, cervix, urinary bladder and esophagus. Incorporating MN score along with cytological smear testing gives a better and cost-effective screening...
Yashovardhan Naishadham, Vijay Kumar Jogishetty, Venkat Baghirath Pacha, Sudheer B Balla, B Hari Vinay, Parameshwar NaishadhamJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):236-242 Context: For a dental practitioner, HIV-TB co-infection which is a lethal aliment is an occupational hazard by the virtue of abundant aerosol formation in day to day dental practice. Aim: To assess the prevalence of TB co-infection among HIV patients. To assess the infectivity by culturing Mycobacterium...
HN Santosh, Tejavathi Nagaraj, Swati Saxena, Arundhati Biswas, Sushant Anant PaiJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):303-303 Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify a co-relation between clinical and histopathological features of verrucous carcinoma. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted based on Knowledge Attitude and Practice (KAP) questionnaire comprising of 3 sets of questions covering clinical and histopathological aspects of the oral verrucous...
HR Shwetha, Vijayalakshmi S Kotrashetti, N Chaitanya Babu, Vijay Kumbar, Kishore Bhat, Roopa ReddyJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):243-247 Background: Culture of cells and tissues is a standard research method practiced in many laboratories. In most of the cases, these cultures are being used as substrates for cell products or as investigative tools for delving the mechanism of gene expression, cell proliferation and transformation. Primary monolayer cell culture has been...
Manas Gupta, Kriti Shrivastava, Vikalp Raghuvanshi, Sakshi Ojha, Ankita Gupta, S SasidharJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):304-304 Background: Periodic clinical examination of the oral cavity is the mainstay for the early detection of oral cancers which can be further aided by screening individuals with high-risk factors that will identify candidates who should receive treatment to prevent cancer progression and reduce patient mortality. Among the diagnostic tools, in vivo...
Nawal Khan, Radhika M Bavle, Soumya Makarla, SR Amulya, Paremala Konda, M SudhakaraJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):248-256 Background: Oral cancer is said to be the 6th most common cancer in men and 12th in women. Potentially malignant disorders/potentially premalignant oral epithelial lesion (PMDs/PPOELs) have shown an increased risk of progressing to cancer. In this regard, lack of awareness about identification of oral PMDs among healthcare providers in general and oral...
Jeevitha Murugesh, Rajeshwari G Annigeri, GK Mangala, P Hema Mythily, J ChandrakalaJournal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2019 23(2):305-305 Background: Candidal infections have increased significantly in denture wearers, especially in immunocompromised patients. The increase in resistance to existing antifungal drugs and number of patients at risk, in conjunction with the restricted number of commercially available antifungal drugs that still present many side effects, are the cause for...
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