Analyst, 2019, Accepted ManuscriptDOI: 10.1039/C9AN01188A, PaperWenfen Zhang, Yanhao Zhang, Guangrui Zhang, Jiying Liu, Wuduo Zhao, Wenjing Zhang, Kai Hu, Fuwei Xie, Shusheng ZhangA novel dual-shell Magnetic nanoparticles coated with cationic covalent organic framework, containing ethidium bromide (EB), (EB-DS MNP) are easily prepared, characterized and applied as a sorbent for fast, simple and...The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
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Summary Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer is an aggressive form of cancer with high recurrence rates and low survival. Nectin-4 is a cell adhesion molecule commonly expressed in several tumors, including high expression in urothelial cancer. Enfortumab vedotin is an antibody–drug conjugate composed of an anti-Nectin-4 humanized monoclonal antibody linked to the microtubule disrupting agent, monomethyl auristatin E. In this phase I study (NCT03070990), Japanese patients...
Wed Aug 14, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1232: L19-IL2 Immunocytokine in Combination with the Anti-Syndecan-1 46F2SIP Antibody Format: A New Targeted Treatment Approach in an Ovarian Carcinoma Model Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11091232 Authors: Paola Orecchia Enrica Balza Gabriella Pietra Romana Conte Nicolò Bizzarri Simone Ferrero Maria Cristina Mingari Barbara Carnemolla Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the fifth most common cancer affecting the female population. At present,...
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Background Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC) is the most common malignancy of the paranasal sinuses. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, yet positive surgical margins (PSM) are common and the prognostic impact on overall survival (OS) is mixed. Given the heterogeneity of impact of PSM on OS within the literature, we hypothesized that extent of tumor extirpation (microscopic PSM vs macroscopic PSM) may play a role in OS. Methods Patients with SNSCC were identified in the National...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 18:14
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of various clincopathologic variables and staging systems to predict recurrence rates of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) treated with total thyroidectomy and followed by biochemical markers and imaging. We conducted a retrospective review of patients that were treated with total thyroidectomy and radioiodine, and followed by clinical examinations, sonography, and thyroglobulin levels. Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 11:39
Background In recent years, insulinoma‐associated protein 1 (INSM1) has been shown to be a key regulator of neuroendocrine development, and it has been evaluated for diagnostic use in some organs. Methods To evaluate the relationship between INSM1 and synaptophysin, and to confirm the cutoff value using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, the authors performed INSM1 immunocytochemistry using cell block (CB) samples from 53 cases of bronchial brushings and 32 cases of pleural...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 16:10
Key points Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterized by intermittent hypoxia, which causes oxidative stress and inflammation and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. OSA during pregnancy causes adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. The effects of pre‐existing OSA in pregnant women on cardiometabolic outcomes in the offspring are unknown. We evaluated basic metabolic parameters, as well as aortic vascular and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) function in response to adiponectin,...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 20:59
Abstract Purpose Mental nerve (MN) injury can be caused by transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA). The purpose of this experimental study was to determine the location and distribution pattern of MN structures in relation to oral vestibular incisions. Methods Ten cadaver specimens were included, yielding a total of 20 MNs. The difference...
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Abstract Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) is a rare X‐linked urea cycle disorder. Maternal OTCD can lead to life‐threatening hyperammonemia if untreated. We aimed to compare the outcomes of maternal OTCD when diagnosis is known prior to pregnancy to when diagnosis is made during pregnancy. We performed a systematic literature review on maternal OTCD using the databases Ovid MEDLINE and PubMed from 1982 through 2018. Studies were included if addressed maternal OTCD signs, symptoms, and...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 20:48
Abstract Pathogenic variants in polynucleotide kinase 3′‐phosphatase (PNKP) gene have been associated with two distinct clinical presentations: autosomal recessive microcephaly, seizures, and developmental delay (MCSZ; MIM 613402) and ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 4 (AOA4; MIM 616267). More than 40 patients have been reported so far, and their clinical presentations revealed a continuum phenotypic spectrum ranging from congenital microcephaly and early‐onset intractable seizures, to adult...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 18:14
Abstract Esophageal atresia (EA) with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is a foregut defect that is a major component of the VATER/VACTERL association. The specific diagnostic criteria for the VATER/VACTERL association phenotype have changed over time. The current definition is presence of at least three of the following: Vertebral defects, Anal atresia, Cardiac defects, TE fistula, or Renal and Limb anomalies in the absence of a specific genetic diagnosis. Using the Texas Birth Defect...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 16:05
Abstract Alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV) is a rare lethal lung developmental disease. Affected infants manifest with severe respiratory distress and refractory pulmonary hypertension and uniformly die in the first month of life. Heterozygous point mutations or copy‐number variant deletions involving FOXF1 and/or its upstream lung‐specific enhancer on 16q24.1 have been identified in the vast majority of ACDMPV patients. We have previously described two unrelated...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 16:04
Abstract Amantadine is an anti‐viral drug available in oral and intravenous forms. Oral amantadine is used to treat the motor symptoms of early Parkinson's disease (PD) and to ameliorate dyskinesias in late stage disease. However, the long‐term influence of intravenous amantadine on motor symptoms and dyskinesias in PD has not been investigated. The aim of the present study was to examine the long‐term effect of repeated boosts of intravenous amantadine in patients with PD with and without response...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 13:49
The hypothalamic neuropeptide RFRP3 can suppress hypothalamic GnRH neuron activation and inhibit gonadotropin release from the anterior pituitary. RFRP3 is also produced locally in the ovary and can inhibit steroidogenesis and follicle development in many vertebrates. However, almost nothing is known about the presence and regulatory action of RFRP3 in gonads of any carnivore species. Such knowledge is important for developing captive breeding programs for endangered carnivores and for inhibiting...
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The family Pyxicephalidae including two subfamilies (Cacosterninae and Pyxicephalinae) is an ecologically important group of frogs distributed in sub-Saharan Africa. However, its phylogenetic position among the Anura has remained uncertain. The present study determined the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Pyxicephalus adspersus, the first representative mitochondrial genome from the Pyxicephalinae, and reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships within Ranoidae using 10 mitochondrial protein-coding...
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This article compares the differences in eye movements between orienteers of different skill levels on map information searches and explores the visual search patterns of orienteers during precise map reading so as to explore the cognitive characteristics of orienteers’ visual search. We recruited 44 orienteers at different skill levels (experts, advanced beginners, and novices), and recorded their behavioral responses and eye movement data when reading maps of different complexities. We found that...
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Background Biopesticides based on strains of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are used globally for effective and environmentally friendly pest control. The most serious threat to the sustainable use of these microbial pesticides is the development of resistance on targeted pests. Populations of Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) have evolved field resistance to Bt pesticides at diverse locations worldwide. Discovery of novel Bt strains with varied toxin profiles that...
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Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is known to be a mutually beneficial plant-fungal symbiosis; however, the effect of mycorrhization is heavily dependent on multiple biotic and abiotic factors. Therefore, for the proper employment of such plant-fungal symbiotic systems in agriculture, a detailed understanding of the molecular basis of the plant developmental response to mycorrhization is needed. The aim of this work was to uncover the physiological and metabolic alterations in pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaves...
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Intersex is an intermediate stage of sexual differentiation in insects. Determining intersex morphology and the cause of its production will aid in the understanding of the mechanism of sexual differentiation in insects. In this paper, Wolbachia-infected Trichogramma pretiosum (T. preW+) that shows thelytokous parthenogenesis were used as subjects. In order to determine the causes of the T. preW+ intersex and the influence of parental generation temperature on gradual changes in secondary masculinization...
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Abstract Background The study was aimed to evaluate the impact of accumulated oral tegafur‐uracil (UFUR) as maintenance chemotherapy on overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) rates after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for complete remission (CR) in non‐distant metastatic TNM stage IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods Data were retrospectively analyzed from a database of patients with non‐distant metastatic TNM stage IV NPC, composed of those who underwent CCRT...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 22:19
Abstract Background Is posttreatment functional status prognostic of overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Methods In an HNC clinical trial, 495 patients had two posttreatment functional assessments measuring diet, public eating, and speech within 6 months. Patients were grouped by impairment (highly, moderately, modestly, or not impaired) and determined if they improved, declined, or did not change from the first assessment to the second. Multivariable Cox models...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 11:19
Abstract Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is known to have antioxidant potentials, yet the effect of CGA on brain ischemia has not been sufficiently understood. Brain ischemia such as transient global ischemia disrupts many areas of the brain of rats, including the hippocampus. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 5 groups, i.e. sham operated (SO), bilateral common carotid occlusion (BCCO), BCCO + 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg bw CGA groups (CGA15, CGA30, and CGA60, respectively). Brain ischemia was induced...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 12:38
Abstract We used the Land Colour Mondrian experiments in a Bayesian context to test the degree to which subjects vary in categorizing the colour of different patches, when each patch is made to reflect light of the identical wavelength‐energy composition. The brain uses a ratio‐taking mechanism to determine the ratio of light of every waveband reflected from a surface and from its surrounds. Our (Bayesian) hypothesis was that this ratio‐taking mechanism is similar in all humans and therefore leads...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 12:38
Ideal organic syntheses involve the rapid construction of C‐C bonds, with minimal use of functional group interconversions. The Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling (SMC) is a powerful way to form biaryl linkages, but the relatively similar reactivity of electrophilic partners makes iterative syntheses involving more than two sequential coupling events difficult to achieve without additional manipulations. Here we develop (hetero)aryl sulfones as electrophilic coupling partners for the SMC reaction, which...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 21:59
MOF‐on‐MOF thin films were prepared from Cu‐HHTP (HHTP=hexahydrotriphenylene) and Cu‐TCPP (TCPP=tetrakis(4‐carboxyphenyl)porphyrin frameworks). The properties of the MOF layers cascade to produce functionality not achieved by a single layer. The MOF‐on‐MOF films demonstrate excellent selectivity and the highest response to benzene among reported recoverable chemiresistive sensing materials active at room temperature. Abstract Heterostructured metal—organic framework (MOF)‐on‐MOF thin films...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 21:15
Combining a strong linear axial ligand field with a weak equatorial ligand field, by using the polydentate ligand LN6, reveals for the first time the exceptional uniaxial magnetic anisotropy possible for D 6h symmetry and opens up a route to further air‐stable higher‐order symmetry single‐molecule magnets. Abstract Following a novel synthetic strategy where the strong uniaxial ligand field generated by the Ph3SiO− (Ph3SiO−=anion of triphenylsilanol) and the 2,4‐di‐tBu‐PhO− (2,4‐di‐tBu‐PhO−=anion...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 21:14
Stability by capping: MXenes generally tend to oxidize when stored as a colloid in water at ambient conditions. Capping the edges of individual MXene flakes by polyanions however significantly decreases the rate of oxidation, and makes long‐term storage of MXene possible. This is important because it renders solution processing of MXenes scalable and facile. Abstract MXenes have shown promise in myriad applications, such as energy storage, catalysis, EMI shielding, among many others. However,...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 21:14
A nickel‐catalyzed unconventional method was developed for the synthesis of multi‐functionalized benzofurans from alkyne‐tethered phenolic esters. The transformation involved the generation of a nucleophilic vinyl Ni(II) species by the regioselective syn‐arylnickelation of an alkyne, which then underwent an intramolecular cyclization with phenol ester to yield highly functionalized 1,1‐disubstituted alkenes with 3‐benzofuranyl and (hetero)aryl substituents. The methodology can be used for the late‐stage...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 20:59
Molecular solid‐state materials with long‐lived luminescence (such as thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) systems) are promising for display, sensoring, and bio‐imaging applications. However, the design of such materials that exhibit both long luminescent lifetime and high solid‐state emissive efficiency remains an open challenge. Herein, we demonstrate new two‐dimensional (2D) organic‐metal halide perovskite materials with high blue‐emitting...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 20:58
Bimetallic nanomaterials are of major importance in catalysis. In this study, we synthesized a novel Au‐Cu bimetallic nanocluster and found it effective to catalyze the epoxide ring opening reaction. The catalyst was analyzed by SCXRD and ESI‐MS to be Au24Cu6(SPhtBu)22 (Au24Cu6 for short). Six copper atoms were found to exclusively occupy the surface positions in two groups with three atoms for each, and each group was bonded with three thiolate ligands to give a planar motif reminiscent of a benzene...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 19:25
Water electrolysis is one of the most promising methods to produce H2 and O2 as high potential fuels. Among the two half‐reactions, Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) is more difficult to be optimized and still relies on expensive noble‐metal based catalysts on Ru or Ir. In this paper, we prepared and tested in OER for the first‐time nanoparticles of HfN and Hf2ON2. HfN, in particular, was shown to be a highly active catalyst with requiring an overpotential of only 391 mV at 10 mA/cm2 in Fe‐free electrolyte...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 19:24
Rechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries have been considered as a promising candidate for next‐generation batteries. However, the formation of zinc dendrites are the most severe problems limiting their practical applications. To develop stable zinc metal anodes, we first report a synergistic method combining Cu‐Zn solid solution interface on copper mesh skeleton with good zinc affinity and polyacrylamide electrolyte additive to modify the zinc anode, which can greatly reduce the overpotential of...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 19:18
Molecules containing lysine‐ureido‐glutamic acid functional groups bind to the active site of prostate specific membrane antigen which is overexpressed in prostate cancer. To prepare copper radiopharmaceuticals for the diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer macrobicyclic sarcophagine ligands tethered to either one or two lysine‐ureido‐glutamic acid functional groups through an appropriate linker have been prepared. Both ligands can be readily radiolabeled with positron‐emitting copper‐64 at room...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 19:18
The formation of well‐defined finite‐size aggregates represents an attractive goal in supramolecular chemistry. In particular, construction of discrete π‐stacked dye assemblies remains a challenge. Herein, we report on the design and synthesis of a novel type of discrete π‐stacked aggregates from two comparable perylenediimide (PDI) dyads ( PEP and PBP ). The criss‐cross PEP ‐ PBP dimers in solution and ( PBP ‐ PEP )‐( PEP ‐ PBP ) tetramers in solid state are well elucidated using...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 18:24
Noncovalent interactions between all the neighboring components in biomolecular machines are responsible for their synchronized motion and thus complex functions. This strategy has rarely been used in multicomponent molecular machines. In this research, we report four [3]rotaxane‐based molecular shuttles. Noncovalent interactions among the three components (two interacting macrocycles and one axle) not only cause a “systems‐level” effect on the relative positions of the two macrocycles along the...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 18:20
The relationship between protein structure and function is one of the greatest puzzles within biochemistry. De novo metalloprotein design is a way to wipe the board clean and determine what is required to build in function from the ground up in an unrelated structure. This review focuses on protein design efforts to create de novo metalloproteins within alpha helical scaffolds. Examples of successful designs from our lab include those with carbonic anhydrase or nitrite reductase activity by incorporating...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 17:15
Photopharmacology relies on ligands that change their pharmacodynamics upon photoisomerization. Many of these ligands are azobenzenes that are thermodynamically more stable in their elongated trans‐configuration, which predominates in the dark. Often, they are biologically active in this form and lose activity upon irradiation and photoisomerization to their cis‐isomer. Recently, cyclic azobenzenes, so‐called diazocines, have emerged. They are thermodynamically more stable in their bent cis‐form...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 17:14
Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted growing attention because they maximize the number of active sites, with unpredictable catalytic activity. Despite numerous studies on SACs, there is little research on the support, which is essential to understanding SAC. Herein, we systematically investigated the influence of the support on the performance of the SAC by comparing with single‐atom Pt supported on carbon (Pt SA/C) and Pt nanoparticles supported on WO 3‐x (Pt NP/WO 3‐x ). The results...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 16:00
An isothiourea‐catalyzed enantioselective Michael addition of aryl ester pronucleophiles to vinyl bis‐sulfones via C(1)‐ammonium enolate intermediates has been developed. This operationally simple method allows the base‐free functionalization of aryl esters to form α‐functionalized products containing two contiguous tertiary stereogenic centres in excellent yield and stereoselectivity (all ≥ 99:1 er). Key to the success of this methodology is the multifunctional role of the aryloxide, which operates...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 12:40
The N‐ α‐trimethyl 2‐selenohistidine selenoneine is the selenium isolog of the natural antioxidant ergothioneine. Sulfur‐to‐selenium substitutions are known to endow proteins and nucleic acids with special activities. In contrast, secondary metabolites that exploit selenium‐specific chemistry are rare. Selenoneine therefore provides a unique opportunity to study how natural organoselenides interact with cellular processes. In this report we describe the chemical synthesis of selenoneine and other...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 12:31
Economical extraction of uranium from seawater is critical for meeting the growth demands of nuclear power. Herein, by chemical cross‐linking the amidoxime group onto dual‐surfaces of natural ore materials halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), an efficient adsorbents AO‐HNTs is developed. AO‐HNTs show high uranium adsorption capacity of 456.24 mg g‐1 in 32 ppm uranium‐spiked simulate seawater. In natural seawater, AO‐HNTs reach the high uranium extraction capacity of 9.01 mg g‐1 after 30 days’ field test....
Thu Aug 22, 2019 11:23
Opinion statement Research into novel therapies for gynecologic cancers is underfunded, and as a result, we are still playing catchup with other solid tumors in the realm of immune checkpoint inhibition. This is despite the fact that two of the most common gynecologic cancers in the USA have strong biologic rationales for response to these agents. Work is now underway to demonstrate safe and effective therapies for our patients. As we better understand the immune system, and...
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Abstract Cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) analysis to detect circulating tumor DNA has been focused in monitoring of malignant lymphomas. However, clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP)‐associated mutations also can be detected by cfDNA analysis. Our aim is to investigate the origin of mutations detected in cfDNA among B‐cell lymphoma patients. MYD88/CD79B, DNMT3A, and TP53 were chosen as genes of interest, representing each of the following categories: lymphoma driver genes, CHIP‐related genes,...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 15:14
Background Hospitalized pediatric oncology patients are at high risk of clinical decline and mortality, particularly in low‐income and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Pediatric early warning systems (PEWS) assist with the early identification of deterioration. To the authors' knowledge, no studies to date have evaluated the cost‐benefit of PEWS in LMICs. Methods A PEWS was implemented at the National Pediatric Oncology Unit (Unidad Nacional de Oncologia Pediatrica [UNOP]), a pediatric oncology...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 14:01
Background There are a growing number of cancer survivors in the United States who are at risk for chronic pain due to cancer disease and treatments. The prevalence of chronic pain among cancer survivors has not been comprehensively reported. Methods This study used data from the National Health Interview Survey (2010‐2017) to compare the prevalence of chronic pain between participants with a cancer diagnosis and participants without one. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of having chronic pain...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 13:01
Background The rates of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) are increasing in women with breast cancer. Previous retrospective research has examined clinical and demographic predictors of the uptake of CPM. However, to the authors' knowledge, there has been very little prospective research to date that has examined psychosocial functioning prior to breast cancer surgery to determine whether psychosocial functioning predicts uptake of CPM. The current study was conducted to evaluate demographic,...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 12:01
Background and Objectives The eyelids are susceptible to a number of skin cancers, which are challenging to excise radically without sacrificing excessive healthy tissue. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is an emerging non‐invasive biomedical imaging modality that could potentially be used for intraoperative micrographic control of the surgical margins of eyelid tumors. In this study, non‐cancerous human eyelid tissue was characterized using PA as a first step in the development of this technique. ...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 19:39
Abstract Purpose The aim of the present study was to provide predictive factors for survival outcomes of oligometastatic prostate cancer (PC) patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) as a metastases-directed therapy (MDT). Methods In this cohort study, endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), distant...
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Abstract The inclusion of diverse populations in clinical trial research is a social justice imperative. Creating the communicative tools that can support cancer patients across varied cultural backgrounds in processing complex clinical trial information, to achieve informed consent, has been a challenge. This study sought to evaluate specific clinical trial multimedia—a website, four animations, and a decision aid—to meet the decision-making and informational needs of Hispanic...
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