To the Editor: In a randomized trial involving 42 patients, we assessed deep brain stimulation targeting the fornix to improve cognition in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01608061; the protocol for the trial is available with the published article). Although the…
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Analysis of health‐related quality of life in the NeoRes trial found that patients allocated to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) reported more symptoms at 3 and 5 years' follow‐up compared with those who had neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) for oespophageal cancer. More impairment after chemoradiation Background There are few data comparing health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone (nCT) compared with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in patients with...
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Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer from the multicentre phase II randomized study GRECCAR 4 were included in the study, and underwent rectal MRI before and after induction chemoradiotherapy. Baseline and early post‐treatment MRI parameters were associated with prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer. Future preoperative therapy evaluation will need to stratify treatment according to baseline extramural vascular invasion status and early tumour volume regression. Tailored treatment...
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Abstract Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) is a rare X‐linked urea cycle disorder. Maternal OTCD can lead to life‐threatening hyperammonemia if untreated. We aimed to compare the outcomes of maternal OTCD when diagnosis is known prior to pregnancy to when diagnosis is made during pregnancy. We performed a systematic literature review on maternal OTCD using the databases Ovid MEDLINE and PubMed from 1982 through 2018. Studies were included if addressed maternal OTCD signs, symptoms, and...
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Abstract Pathogenic variants in polynucleotide kinase 3′‐phosphatase (PNKP) gene have been associated with two distinct clinical presentations: autosomal recessive microcephaly, seizures, and developmental delay (MCSZ; MIM 613402) and ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 4 (AOA4; MIM 616267). More than 40 patients have been reported so far, and their clinical presentations revealed a continuum phenotypic spectrum ranging from congenital microcephaly and early‐onset intractable seizures, to adult...
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Abstract Esophageal atresia (EA) with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is a foregut defect that is a major component of the VATER/VACTERL association. The specific diagnostic criteria for the VATER/VACTERL association phenotype have changed over time. The current definition is presence of at least three of the following: Vertebral defects, Anal atresia, Cardiac defects, TE fistula, or Renal and Limb anomalies in the absence of a specific genetic diagnosis. Using the Texas Birth Defect...
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Abstract Alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV) is a rare lethal lung developmental disease. Affected infants manifest with severe respiratory distress and refractory pulmonary hypertension and uniformly die in the first month of life. Heterozygous point mutations or copy‐number variant deletions involving FOXF1 and/or its upstream lung‐specific enhancer on 16q24.1 have been identified in the vast majority of ACDMPV patients. We have previously described two unrelated...
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Abstract Amantadine is an anti‐viral drug available in oral and intravenous forms. Oral amantadine is used to treat the motor symptoms of early Parkinson's disease (PD) and to ameliorate dyskinesias in late stage disease. However, the long‐term influence of intravenous amantadine on motor symptoms and dyskinesias in PD has not been investigated. The aim of the present study was to examine the long‐term effect of repeated boosts of intravenous amantadine in patients with PD with and without response...
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The hypothalamic neuropeptide RFRP3 can suppress hypothalamic GnRH neuron activation and inhibit gonadotropin release from the anterior pituitary. RFRP3 is also produced locally in the ovary and can inhibit steroidogenesis and follicle development in many vertebrates. However, almost nothing is known about the presence and regulatory action of RFRP3 in gonads of any carnivore species. Such knowledge is important for developing captive breeding programs for endangered carnivores and for inhibiting...
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The family Pyxicephalidae including two subfamilies (Cacosterninae and Pyxicephalinae) is an ecologically important group of frogs distributed in sub-Saharan Africa. However, its phylogenetic position among the Anura has remained uncertain. The present study determined the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Pyxicephalus adspersus, the first representative mitochondrial genome from the Pyxicephalinae, and reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships within Ranoidae using 10 mitochondrial protein-coding...
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This article compares the differences in eye movements between orienteers of different skill levels on map information searches and explores the visual search patterns of orienteers during precise map reading so as to explore the cognitive characteristics of orienteers’ visual search. We recruited 44 orienteers at different skill levels (experts, advanced beginners, and novices), and recorded their behavioral responses and eye movement data when reading maps of different complexities. We found that...
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Background Biopesticides based on strains of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are used globally for effective and environmentally friendly pest control. The most serious threat to the sustainable use of these microbial pesticides is the development of resistance on targeted pests. Populations of Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) have evolved field resistance to Bt pesticides at diverse locations worldwide. Discovery of novel Bt strains with varied toxin profiles that...
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Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is known to be a mutually beneficial plant-fungal symbiosis; however, the effect of mycorrhization is heavily dependent on multiple biotic and abiotic factors. Therefore, for the proper employment of such plant-fungal symbiotic systems in agriculture, a detailed understanding of the molecular basis of the plant developmental response to mycorrhization is needed. The aim of this work was to uncover the physiological and metabolic alterations in pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaves...
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Intersex is an intermediate stage of sexual differentiation in insects. Determining intersex morphology and the cause of its production will aid in the understanding of the mechanism of sexual differentiation in insects. In this paper, Wolbachia-infected Trichogramma pretiosum (T. preW+) that shows thelytokous parthenogenesis were used as subjects. In order to determine the causes of the T. preW+ intersex and the influence of parental generation temperature on gradual changes in secondary masculinization...
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Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) is considered as a popular and nutritious fruit crop worldwide. Watermelon blood flesh disease caused by Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) and bacterial fruit blotch caused by Acidovorax citrulli, are two major quarantine diseases of watermelon and result in considerable losses to global watermelon production. In this study, a multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was developed for simultaneous detection of CGMMV and...
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A single species of the dicynodontoid dicynodont Dicynodon is currently recognized from the late Permian Usili Formation of Tanzania: Dicynodon huenei Haughton, 1932. Restudy of the known Tanzanian materials of D. huenei demonstrates that they represent two distinct morphotypes, here considered separate taxa. The holotype of D. huenei is not referable to Dicynodon and instead is transferred to the genus Daptocephalus (but retained as a valid species, Daptocephalus huenei comb. nov.). A number of...
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Background In the last 20 years, a general picture of the evolutionary relationships between geoemydid turtles (ca. 70 species distributed over the Northern hemisphere) has emerged from the analysis of molecular data. However, there is a paucity of good traditional morphological characters that correlate with the phylogeny, which are essential for the robust integration of fossil and molecular data. Part of this problem might be due to intrinsic limitations of traditional discrete characters. Here,...
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Bacteria are present in stingless bee nest products. However, detailed information on their characteristics is scarce. Thus, this study aims to investigate the characteristics of bacterial species isolated from Malaysian stingless bee, Heterotrigona itama, nest products. Honey, bee bread and propolis were collected aseptically from four geographical localities of Malaysia. Total plate count (TPC), bacterial identification, phenotypic profile and enzymatic and antibacterial activities were studied....
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This study was conducted to determine the root tolerance and biochemical responses of four Chinese Lactuca sativa L. genotypes (Lüsu, Lümeng, Yidali and Anyan) to cadmium (Cd2+) stress. Twenty-eight days old seedlings were exposed to Hoagland’s nutrient solution supplied with or without 100 µM CdCl2 and monitored for seven days in a climate controlled room. The 100 µM CdCl2 significantly (P
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The genus Corbicula consists of estuarine or freshwater clams native to temperate/tropical regions of Asia, Africa, and Australia that collectively encompass both sexual species and clonal (androgenetic) lineages. The latter have become globally invasive in freshwater systems and they represent some of the most successful aquatic invasive lineages. Previous studies have documented four invasive clonal lineages, Forms A, B, C, and Rlc, with varying known distributions. Form A (R in Europe) occurs...
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A method, called CQS‐Hop, as the combination of 2D/3D‐QSAR and scaffold‐hopping methods was developed in this work to discover potential TgCDPK1 inhibitors with new scaffolds. The inhibitory activities of these newly discovered 10 TgCDPK1 inhibitors within 2 new scaffolds were experimentally validated. This CQS‐hop method can be used as a pipeline to develop kinase inhibitors with new scaffolds. Abstract To discover drugs for toxoplasmosis with less side effects and less probability...
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MERS‐CoV 3CLpro was assayed with a flavonoid library and some chalcone derivatives represented promising inhibitory activity. The docking study confirmed the experimental measurement of the better efficacy of helichrysetin than cardamonin. This study showed the antiviral effect of flavonoids in the atomic level. Abstract Middle‐East Respiratory Syndrome‐Coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) is a zoonotic virus transmitted between animals and human beings. It causes MERS with high mortality rate. However,...
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Podophyllotoxin‐type lignans from Bursera fagaroides var. fagaroides (5' esmethoxypeltatin ‐A‐methylether, acetylpodophyllotoxin and podophyllotoxin) affect the distribution and staining pattern of microtubular structures on Giardia trophozoites, via binding in a hydrophobic pocket in the heterodimer interface of tubulin. Abstract There are several drugs for the treatment of giardiasis; however, there is a tendency for patients to abandon treatment because of drug‐related adverse effects, resulting...
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An immunoinformatic approach followed by molecular dynamics simulation and systems biology approach has been adopted to predict and validate the potential B and T cell epitopes of Human Herpes Virus Type 1 because of its global burden and virulent nature. These epitopes formed strong interactions and expressed stable nature in the binding grove of human MHC‐I molecule, therefore, may have the ability to provoke the immune system, protecting against the HSV‐1 infection. Abstract The human...
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Two PMAP‐37 analogs named PMAP‐37(R13‐I), PMAP‐37(K20/27‐I) were designed to enhance hydrophobicity. These analogs exhibited antibacterial activity in vitro and vivo, of which, PMAP‐37(K20/27‐I) exhibited therapeutic effects, whether in the clinical symptoms, the tissue lesions, or the tissue bacterial load and the survival rate, in mice infected S. aureus ATCC25923 or S. typhimurium SL1344 compared to the PMAP‐37. So, PMAP‐37(K20/27‐I) may be a candidate clinical drug for bacterial infections. ...
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Previous research has documented that contour detection and integration may either be affected by local features such as the distances between elements or by high-level cognitive factors such as attention in our visual system. Less is known about how low and high level factors interact to influence contour integration. In this paper, we investigated how attention modulates contour integration through saliency (different element spacing) and topological propert ies (circle or S-shaped) when the state...
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The seasonal dynamics of microbial diversity within the rhizosphere of Ulmus pumila L. var. sabulosa in the hinterland of the Otindag Sandy Land of China were investigated using high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal ITS region sequences. A significant level of bacterial and fungal diversity was observed overall, with detection of 7,676 bacterial Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) belonging to 40 bacteria phyla and 3,582 fungal OTUs belonging to six phyla. Proteobacteria,...
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Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is one of the major threats to the healthcare systems in some countries, especially in the Arabian Peninsula. MERS-CoV is considered an ideal example of the One Health concept. This is due to the animals, especially dromedary camels, play important roles in the transmission and sustainability of the virus, and the virus can be transmitted through aerosols of infected patients into the environment. However, there is some debate regarding the...
1d
A Glasgow University study reveals it benefited to the tune of tens of millions of pounds from racial slavery.
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Abstract Background The study was aimed to evaluate the impact of accumulated oral tegafur‐uracil (UFUR) as maintenance chemotherapy on overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) rates after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for complete remission (CR) in non‐distant metastatic TNM stage IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods Data were retrospectively analyzed from a database of patients with non‐distant metastatic TNM stage IV NPC, composed of those who underwent CCRT...
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Abstract Background Is posttreatment functional status prognostic of overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Methods In an HNC clinical trial, 495 patients had two posttreatment functional assessments measuring diet, public eating, and speech within 6 months. Patients were grouped by impairment (highly, moderately, modestly, or not impaired) and determined if they improved, declined, or did not change from the first assessment to the second. Multivariable Cox models...
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Abstract Background Despite advances in treatment, the recurrence rates for laryngeal cancer range from 16% to 40%. Methods Patients with recurrent laryngeal cancer treated at Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) from 1999 to 2016 were reviewed. Survival outcomes were analyzed. Results Of 241 patients, 88% were male; the median age was 67 years; 71% had primary glottic tumors. At initial treatment, 72% of patients were seen with early stage disease; primary treatment was radiation (68%),...
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Abstract Objectives To quantitatively assess prenatal diagnostic performance of three‐dimensional ultrasound (3D‐US) for posterior fossa anomalies (PFA), and establish a preliminarily 3D‐US prediction model. Methods Sixty singleton fetuses suspected of PFA by 2D‐US presented their detailed 3D‐US evaluation. The surface area of vermis (SAV), brainstem–vermis, and brainstem–tentorium angles were measured by 3D‐US. The good prognosis was defined as normal neurodevelopmental outcome. MRI and...
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The cover image is based on the Review Fetal arthrogryposis multiplex congenita/fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS)—Aetiology, diagnosis, and management by Kirsten M. Niles et al., https://doi.org//10.1002/pd.5505.
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Gene Therapy, Published online: 22 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41434-019-0096-1Bicistronic transfer of CDKN2A and p53 culminates in collaborative killing of human lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo
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Antioxidants, Vol. 8, Pages 338: Impact of Melatonin Supplementation in Women with Unexplained Infertility Undergoing Fertility Treatment Antioxidants doi: 10.3390/antiox8090338 Authors: Javier Espino María Macedo Graciela Lozano Águeda Ortiz Carmina Rodríguez Ana B. Rodríguez Ignacio Bejarano Unexplained infertility occurs when common causes for a couple’s inability to conceive have been excluded. Although origins of idiopathic infertility are still unclear,...
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