Suicide Attempt Resiliency in American Indian, Hispanic, and Anglo Youth in New Mexico: The Influence of Positive Adult Relationships The purpose of this study was to identify whether positive relationships with adults at home, school, and in the community are protective for suicide among American Indian/Alaska Native, Hispanic, and Anglo adolescents. Using data from the New Mexico version of the 2015 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Youth Risk Behavior Survey, we found that positive relationships with adults affected past-year suicide attempts differently in youth from the 3 groups. The final multivariable model for American Indian/Alaska Native youth included only positive relationships with adults in the home. Among Hispanic and Anglo youth, adults in the home and also in the community were protective.

The Association Between Acculturation and Parental Feeding Practices in Families With Overweight and Obese Hispanic/Latino Children This study examines the association between acculturation and parental feeding practices in low-income Latinos. Overweight/obese children (N = 117), aged 5 to 14 years, and their parents were recruited from a rural health clinic. Findings show that more acculturated parents have greater control over their child's eating behavior (P = .04). Parents who perceive their child as having a weight problem also have more control over their child's eating behavior (P = .02). Control measured from regulation of how much and when the child should eat to offering sweets and screen time for good behavior. Results underscore the need for interventions to consider parental acculturation and perceptions of child weight.

Correlates Associated With Willingness to Start Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) in Jackson, Mississippi Black men who have sex with men have the greatest risk for human immunodeficiency virus infection. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective prevention method. However, uptake in this group is extremely low. Data from a sample of 225 human immunodeficiency virus–negative young black men who have sex with men residing in Jackson, Mississippi, were analyzed to examine correlates associated with willingness to start PrEP. Consistent condom users for both insertive and receptive sex were more likely to be willing to start PrEP than inconsistent condom users. Heterogeneity among this high-risk population is an important consideration for future studies assessing PrEP uptake and evaluating prevention efforts.

Delivering Tobacco Cessation Through Community Health Workers: Curriculum and Training Considerations Texas faces unique barriers in health status and risk behaviors such as smoking. To address tobacco use, community health workers (CHWs) are a resource for disseminating education among a population. To promote smoking cessation in Texas, there is a need for the development of a smoking cessation training program for CHWs. The National Community Health Worker Training Center used an approach with CHWs to develop a curriculum. From the curriculum development and with feedback from CHWs, 4 training courses were produced: online and in person, and in English and Spanish. The curriculum meets a need that disseminates smoking cessation strategies through peer-led, culturally relevant messages.

Multilevel Interaction Effects of Family and Community Factors on Mothers' Engagement in Evidence-Based Home Visiting Informed by ecological and family system frameworks, our study investigated the relationship between family- and community-level factors, and their cross-level interactions, with evidence-based home visiting program participation in a sample of 2409 mothers (mean age: 24.15 years). Using 2-level hierarchical linear modeling, we observed that mothers living in disadvantaged communities demonstrated less active engagement in evidence-based home visiting. Cross-level interaction effects revealed that mothers' unstable living conditions and psychiatric problems amplified the negative influence of disadvantaged communities on program engagement. Conversely, mothers who were first-time parents showed higher levels of participation in family support programs when they resided in disadvantaged communities.

Chronic Stress and Food Insecurity: Examining Key Environmental Family Factors Related to Body Mass Index Among Low-Income Mexican-Origin Youth Low-income children of Mexican immigrants are at high risk for obesity. Drawing on a sample of 104 Mexican American children (Mage = 8.39 years; 61% female), this longitudinal study considered relations between food insecurity and chronic stress (ie, parent report and hair cortisol measurement) on body mass index (BMI) and examined whether stress moderated associations between food insecurity and BMI. Analyses revealed that undocumented status was associated with food insecurity and chronic stress but not when accounting for poverty. Food insecurity was only associated with higher BMI for children with the highest hair cortisol. Results suggest that chronic stress may impact body weight among food-insecure children.

Disentangling Race and Place in Depressive Symptoms in Men African American men report lower levels of depressive symptoms that their white peers in national data. However, the value of these studies is often undermined by data that confound race, socioeconomic status, and segregation. We sought to determine whether race differences in depressive symptoms were present after minimizing the effects of socioeconomic status and segregation within a cohort of southwest Baltimore (SWB) men using the data from the Exploring Health Disparities in Integrated Communities (EHDIC), a novel study of racial disparities within communities where African American and non-Hispanic white males live together and have similar median incomes. Using the Patient Health Questionnaire, a standard instrument for assessing mental disorders, we categorized participants as experiencing depressive symptoms (including depressive syndrome and major depression) or not experiencing depressive symptoms. Logistic regression was performed to examine the association between depressive symptoms and race in EHDIC-SWB, adjusting for age, marital status, income, education, insurance, physical inactivity, current smoking or drinking status, poor/fair health, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and obesity. Of the 628 study participants, 12.6% of white men and 8.6% of African American men reported depressive symptoms. African American males had similar odds of reporting depressive symptoms (odds ratio = 0.61, 95% confidence interval = 0.34-1.11) as compared with white men. Within this low-income urban racially integrated community, race differences in depressive symptoms among men were not observed. This finding suggests that social and environmental conditions may impact the race differences in depressive symptoms.

Colorectal Cancer Screening in African American HOPE VI Public Housing Residents This study explores whether colorectal cancer screening outreach via home visits and follow-up calls is effective among public housing African American residents. It reports on the proportion of returned Fecal Immunochemical Test kits, on the characteristics of study participants, and on their primary reasons for returning the kit. By conducting home visits and follow-up calls, our colorectal cancer–screening outreach resulted in a higher Fecal Immunochemical Test kit return rate than anticipated. Findings suggest that a more personalized outreach approach can yield higher colorectal cancer–screening rates among urban minority populations, which are at higher risk to be diagnosed with late-stage colorectal cancer.