Gene drives may be used in two ways to suppress vectored diseases. Both involve engineering the drive to spread in the vector population. One has the drive directly depress vector numbers, possibly to extinction. The other leaves intact the vector population but suppresses the disease agent during its interaction with the vector. This second application may use a drive engineered to carry a genetic cargo that suppresses the disease agent. An advantage of the second application is that it is far less...
AO_SCPLOWBSTRACTC_SCPLOWJBS Haldane is widely quoted to have quipped that the Creator, if one exists, has an inordinate fondness for beetles. Although Coleoptera may not be the most speciose order once Hymenopteran diversity is fully accounted for, as a whole the very clear differences in species diversity among taxa require an explanation. Here we show both analytically and through stochastic simulations that dispersal has eco-evolutionary effects that predict taxa to become particularly species-rich...
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Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02967
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01490
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01360
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02161
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Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02410-0Susan D’Agostino explains how serving as a board member can pay big career dividends.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02354-5Protestors in Hawaii have prevented construction for more than three weeks, and there is no sign of a resolution in sight.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1446-2Collisions between cold trapped molecules are directly observed by magnetically capturing molecular oxygen in a superconducting trap, without the need for laser cooling.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02340-xInflammation and the repair of damaged tissues are regulated by immune cells called macrophages. The finding that they form a layer that shields mouse joints from damage has implications for the treatment of arthritis.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1466-yA US national experiment showed that a short, online, self-administered growth mindset intervention can increase adolescents’ grades and advanced course-taking, and identified the types of school that were poised to benefit the most.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1448-0Volatile contents of plagioclase-hosted melt inclusions from volcanoes at the Gakkel mid-ocean ridge suggest that magmatic crystallization extends to depths of 16 kilometres, much deeper than suggested by olivine-hosted melt inclusions.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02271-7A type of immune cell called a CD8 T cell, which usually kills disease-causing agents, has been found instead to suppress self-reactive immune cells, thereby offering protection against an autoimmune disease in mice.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1468-9Overfishing and warming ocean temperature have caused an increase in methylmercury concentrations in some Atlantic predatory fish, and this trend is predicted to continue unless stronger mercury and carbon emissions standards are imposed.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02408-8Industry has long courted physicists for their data science expertise, but will this change as more undergraduates acquire these skills?
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1441-7Analysis of multidecadal hydrograph and precipitation data for sub-Saharan Africa shows a complex relationship between groundwater recharge and precipitation, and that a drier climate does not necessarily mean less recharge.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1464-0RNA polymerase II with a hypophosphorylated C-terminal domain preferentially incorporates into mediator condensates, and with a hyperphosphorylated C-terminal domain into splicing-factor condensates, revealing phosphorylation as a regulatory mechanism in condensate preference.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1452-4Submillimetre-wavelength observations reveal a sample of galaxies that have no detectable emission in the ultraviolet-to-near-infrared region, and are probably the progenitors of the largest present-day galaxies in clusters.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1462-2Variability in Earth’s thermal gradients, recorded by metamorphic rocks through time, shows that Earth’s modern plate tectonics developed gradually since the Neoarchaean era, three billion years ago.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1471-1Analysis of macrophage subsets within joints reveals a population of CX3CR1+ tissue-resident macrophages that form a tight-junction-mediated barrier at the synovial lining, protecting the joint from the invasion of inflammatory cells.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1467-xActivated clonally expanded CD4+ T cells display specificity to the myelin peptide MOG, whereas clonally expanded CD8+ T cells depend on T cell receptor recognition of unrelated surrogate peptides and have a regulatory function.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02406-wListen to the latest science news, with Noah Baker and Nick Howe.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1472-0The CTCF paralogue BORIS is upregulated in transcriptionally reprogrammed neuroblastoma cells rendered resistant to targeted therapy, in which it promotes regulatory chromatin interactions that maintain the resistance phenotype.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1447-1Light is used to guide the behaviour of an engineered active-matter system, producing structures and properties that can be dynamically manipulated and controlled.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1465-zThe North Atlantic jet stream has become 15 per cent more sheared in the upper atmosphere since 1979, an expected consequence of climate change, and consistent with increased aircraft turbulence.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1469-8Spatially resolved transcriptomes of cell populations at defined positions in the early mouse embryo reveal molecular bases of lineage specification and tissue patterning.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02337-6An analysis of aquifer replenishment in sub-Saharan Africa shows that reduced precipitation does not always deplete groundwater reserves, challenging the idea that these reserves will decrease in response to global warming.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02356-3Superconducting magnets have been used to trap cold oxygen molecules and study their collisions. This method could lead to a better understanding of low-temperature interactions for a broad range of molecules.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02382-1Missed connections.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02380-3The week in science: 2–8 August 2019.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02379-wScholars globally are feeling the heat from politicians. They should take inspiration from scientists in the 1950s who raised the alarm over nuclear weapons.
Nature, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02346-5Funds paved the way for rigorous tests of therapies, but unintentionally boosted a market for potentially dangerous fakes, says Jeanne F. Loring.
Nature, Published online: 06 August 2019; doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02377-yExtinct bird lived in what is now New Zealand and stood roughly 1 metre tall.
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Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης
Application of Artificial Intelligence–based Image Optimization for Computed Tomography Angiography...Application of Artificial Intelligence–based Image Optimization for Computed Tomography Angiography of the Aorta With Low Tube Voltage and Reduced Contrast Medium VolumePurpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI)-based noise reduction algorithm on aorta computed tomography angiography (CTA) image quality (IQ) at 80 kVp tube voltage and 40 mL contrast...
Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis Antioxidants Antioxidants, Vol. 8, Pages 288: Spotlight on a New Heme Oxygenase Pathway:... Antioxidants Antioxidants, Vol. 8, Pages 288: Spotlight on a New Heme Oxygenase Pathway: Testosterone-Induced Shifts in Cardiac Oxidant/Antioxidant StatusAntioxidants, Vol. 8, Pages 288: Spotlight on a New Heme Oxygenase Pathway: Testosterone-Induced Shifts in Cardiac Oxidant/Antioxidant Status Antioxidants doi: 10.3390/antiox8080288 Authors: Renáta Szabó Denise Börzsei...
No One Who Loves AnyoneThe Family PracticeThe Right to Maim: Debility, Capacity, Disability by Jasbir K. Puar, Duke University Press, 2017An Art-based Case Study: Reflections on End of Life from a Husband, Artist and CaregiverAbstractThis study explores the reflective processes of Scottish artist, Norman Gilbert, as he created twenty-five drawings depicting his wife, Pat Gilbert, as she lay dying following an Alzheimer's-related stroke. Norman, ninety-one, had drawn Pat regularly over their sixty-five-year...
CD40-targeted peptide proposed for type 1 diabetes therapy lacks relevant binding affinity to its cognate receptorCD40-targeted peptide proposed for type 1 diabetes therapy lacks relevant binding affinity to its cognate receptor. Reply to Pagni PP, Wolf A, Lo Conte M et al [letter]Blood Mg 2+ is more closely associated with hyperglycaemia than with hypertriacylglycerolaemia: the PREVEND studyUp frontEndothelial or vascular smooth muscle cell-specific expression of human NOX5 exacerbates renal inflammation,...
Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma of the Ileum in a 41-year-old Greek Male with Undiagnosed HIV Infection Presenting with Iliac Fossa PainAbstractIntroductionThe incidence of lymphoma in patients with HIV infection is higher than in the general population.Case reportHere, we present the case of a 41-year-old Greek male with recurrent episodes of fever for one year, who presented with the symptoms and signs of acute abdomen, right pelvic pain, anorexia and nausea starting 8 hours prior to admission. Laparotomy...
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In South Africa, appropriate criteria to measure the professional standing of professional nurses are essential. Internationally, there are professionalism scales by which to measure professionalism, but none ...
The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia 2018. Compar...
To assess self-care practices and associated factors among hypertensive patients in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital 2017/2018.
The objective of this study was to assess knowledge and practice of immediate new-born care among midwives in central zone public health facilities Tigray region, 2016.
The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and performance of nursing students in regard to the standards of nosocomial infections control.
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In this special article, the leadership of 7 of the nation's largest physician and public health professional societies reiterate their commitment to finding solutions and call for policies to reduce firearm-related injuries and deaths.
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Little is known about the long-term patterns of body size evolution in Crocodylomorpha, the > 200-million-year-old group that includes living crocodylians and their extinct relatives. Extant crocodylians are m...
Artiopodan euarthropods represent common and abundant faunal components in sites with exceptional preservation during the Cambrian. The Chengjiang biota in South China contains numerous taxa that are exclusive...
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Little is known about the long-term patterns of body size evolution in Crocodylomorpha, the > 200-million-year-old group that includes living crocodylians and their extinct relatives. Extant crocodylians are m...
Artiopodan euarthropods represent common and abundant faunal components in sites with exceptional preservation during the Cambrian. The Chengjiang biota in South China contains numerous taxa that are exclusive...
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Pseudomeningocele or cerebrospinal fluid leakage is one of the most common complications of foramen magnum decompression with duraplasty for Chiari I malformation. Usually, cerebrospinal fluid leakage is treat...
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Fine Needle Aspiration is a technique, whereby cells are obtained from a lesion or organ using a thin needle. Aspirated material is smeared, stained and examined under a microscope for diagnosis or used for molecular biology, cytometry or in vitro analysis. It is cheap, simple, quick and causes minimal trauma.
Here, we present protocols for the preparation of acute brain slices containing the lateral geniculate nucleus and the electrophysiological investigation of retinogeniculate and corticogeniculate synapses function. This protocol provides an efficient way to study synapses with the high-release and low-release probability in the same acute brain slices.
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Supratentorial extraventricular ependymomas (STEEs) are relatively rare ependymomas, and their pathologic and genetic characteristics are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine the histologic, immunohistochemical, and RELA fusion features, as well as to clarify in more detail the clinical courses of STEEs. Data from a total of 43 patients with STEEs was analyzed retrospectively. The status of RELA fusion was evaluated using fluorescence in situ hybridization. The expression...
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Abstract Background Intestinal fibrosis is a key feature of Crohn’s Disease lesions, and mucosal biopsies do not exactly represent transmural damage. Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) allows for a panoramic study of the bowel loops. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) through the restriction of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) allows for an accurate evaluation of disease activity in Crohn’s Disease patients avoiding contrast agents....
Abstract Contrast enhanced MRI of the liver provides valuable information in the evaluation of both chronic liver disease and focal liver lesions. Currently, two classes of MRI contrast agents are available for clinical use, namely the extracellular contrast agent (ECA) and the hepatobiliary agent (HBA). The use of appropriate contrast agents for liver MRI requires knowledge of the clinical situation and question to be answered. ECAs have been used for decades since their introduction...
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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex syndrome defined by a decrease in renal function. The incidence of AKI has raised in the past decades, and it is associated with negative impact in patient outcomes in th...
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Abstract Purpose The decrease in maternal regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and oxygenation (rCBO) during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section depends on the severity of hypotension. We examined the relationships between changes in the systemic circulatory parameters, cardiac output (CO) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and rCBV and rCBO after induction of spinal anesthesia, evaluated by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and...
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Abstract Human semen contains a large number of macromolecules, including proteins/enzymes and carbohydrates, regulating and protecting sperm cells. Proteomic analysis of human seminal fluid led to the discovery of semen amyloids derived from short peptide fragments of the proteins prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and semenogelin (SG) which are known to play a crucial role in enhancing HIV infection. However, the relevance of their existence in human semen and role in maintaining...
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Summary Objectives As first line therapy, pembrolizumab provides longer progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than platinum doublets in programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with tumor propensity scores (TPS) ≥50%. However, clinical trials do not represent real-world patients. Materials and Methods This multicenter retrospective study conducted across 11 medical centers in Japan analyzed clinical data from patients receiving...
The authors regret to inform that there were unknowing errors in figures. The corrected images are given below. These figures are not affecting the results and conclusion of the manuscript. Hence, the text in original paper remains unchanged.
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Abstract Background Climacteric symptoms are a variety of disturbing complaints occurring during menopausal transition, many of which may be influenced by hormonal abnormalities other than related to sex steroids. Aim of the study In this study, we investigated the association between the intensity of climacteric symptoms measured with the Kupperman index...
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Abstract The antifouling, antimicrobial, elution behavior, skin irritant, and cytotoxicity properties of water-soluble phosphate glass on stainless steel were evaluated. Water-soluble phosphate glass samples with 35% Cu (mol/mol) were prepared by altering the network modifier (Na2O, K2O) and network former (P2O5, B2O3) compositions. The materials were melted at temperatures within the range of 850–950 °C. The melt was then quenched and ground into fine particles using a twin roll...
Abstract Microbial contamination poses a great threat to aviation system security through mechanisms such as microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC), fuel filter clogging, and fuel deterioration. In this study, a survey of microbial contamination in aviation fuel obtained from aircraft fuel tanks was performed to test the relationship between microbial contamination and aircraft service life. The contaminating microorganisms were counted, isolated, identified, and subjected...
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