Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Thu Aug 22, 2019 13:20
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Thu Aug 22, 2019 12:52
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Thu Aug 22, 2019 12:35
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Thu Aug 22, 2019 11:18
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Wed Aug 21, 2019 12:38
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Wed Aug 21, 2019 11:02
Journal of International Medical Research, Ahead of Print.
Wed Aug 21, 2019 11:01
Background and Objectives Erythema is one of the most common cosmetic concerns and usually responds well to pulsed dye laser (PDL) treatment. As this laser can cause significant discomfort, topical anesthesia is sometimes offered. However, it is still uncertain whether topical anesthetics can affect the outcome of the laser therapy. We performed a retrospective single site study to compare the efficacy of PDL for the treatment of erythema in patients with and without pretreatment with topical anesthetic....
Thu Aug 22, 2019 19:38
Background and Objectives Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), also known as Osler–Weber–Rendu disease, causes recurrent mucous membrane hemorrhage, especially epistaxis. In this systematic review, we discuss the efficacies of the three most common laser photocoagulation treatments for HHT‐related epistaxis. Study Design/Materials and Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and MEDLINE from database inception to March 2019. Studies reporting epistaxis outcomes...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 19:38
Analyst, 2019, Accepted ManuscriptDOI: 10.1039/C9AN01288E, PaperPengxiang Wang, Luyan Wang, Mei Ding, Meishan Pei, Wenjuan GuoTo enhance the sensitivity of the aptasensor, a novel strategy is designed to develop an electrochemical aptasensor based on poly (3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene)-gold nanoflowers composite (PEDOT-AuNFs) supported on three-dimensional graphene oxide...The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
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Analyst, 2019, Advance ArticleDOI: 10.1039/C9AN00935C, Critical ReviewZhiyu Liu, Zexin Wang, Erteng Jia, Tinglan Ouyang, Min Pan, Jiafeng Lu, Qinyu Ge, Yunfei BaiIn this work, we focus on the detection methods of cfDNA methylation based on NGS and the latest progress.To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
Thu Aug 22, 2019 02:00
Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management, Ahead of Print.
Thu Aug 22, 2019 10:00
Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management, Ahead of Print.
Thu Aug 22, 2019 10:00
Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management, Ahead of Print.
Thu Aug 22, 2019 10:00
There is a growing list of medications known to adversely affect thyroid function or interpretation of the results of standard thyroid laboratory testing. Many of these drugs are commonly used preparations, ranging from over-the-counter supplements to advanced medical therapy, and include…
Thu Aug 22, 2019 03:00
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, which lacks effective biomarkers for prognosis. Therefore, it is urgent to explore new potential molecular markers to disc...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 03:00
Arachidonic acid (AA) metabolic enzymes including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A11 play important roles in glioma angiogenesis. Thus, the...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 03:00
An increasing number of anticancer agents has been proposed in recent years with the attempt to overcome treatment-resistant cancer cells and particularly cancer stem cells (CSC), the major culprits for tumour...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 03:00
Topoisomerase inhibitors (TI) can inhibit cell proliferation by preventing DNA replication, stimulating DNA damage and inducing cell cycle arrest. Although these agents have been commonly used in the chemother...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 03:00
Survivin (also named BIRC5) is a well-known cancer therapeutic target. Since its discovery more than two decades ago, the use of survivin as a target for cancer therapeutics has remained a central goal of surv...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 03:00
Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this update is to summarize the recent advances on the management of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Recent Findings There is a trend in declining frequency of CVT patients presenting with focal deficits or coma and a decrease in mortality over time. Anemia and obesity were identified as risk factors...
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Abstract Purpose of Review In the quest for understanding the pathophysiological processes underlying degeneration of nervous systems, synapses are emerging as sites of great interest as synaptic dysfunction is thought to play a role in the initiation and progression of neuronal loss. In particular, the synapse is an interesting target for the effects of epigenetic mechanisms in neurodegeneration. Here, we review the recent advances...
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Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to examine the impact of pupillometer assessment on care and research of patients with neurological injury. Recent Findings Recent studies demonstrate that automated pupillometry outperforms manual penlight pupil examination in neurocritical care populations. Further research has identified...
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Abstract Purpose of Review Until recently, the gene associated with the recessive form of familial brain calcification (PFBC, Fahr disease) was unknown. MYORG, a gene that causes recessive PFBC was only recently discovered and is currently the only gene associated with a recessive form of this disease. Here, we review the radiological and clinical findings in adult MYORG mutation homozygous and heterozygous individuals. ...
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Abstract Purpose of Review To review the latest information about the interactions between cancer and cerebrovascular disease. Recent Findings Additional data support the finding that both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are important complications of cancer or its treatment. Reperfusion therapy is being given successfully to patients with stroke...
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Wed Aug 21, 2019 19:45
Background: The aging academic cohort in the faculty of health sciences necessitates transfer of knowledge and skills as a crucial component of sustainability. Formal mentoring programmes at higher education institutions aim to create a platform where experienced faculty can mentor newly appointed faculty to adjust to the context and gain knowledge and exposure. The formal mentoring programmes’ structure and outcomes can create challenges and prevent the perfect fit between the mentor and mentee.Purpose:...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Osteoblastomas (OTB) with co-existent aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) of the spine are extremely rare and more so in the lumbar spine. To the authors’ knowledge, only one case of lumbar spine involvement has been reported in a paediatric patient.Objectives: To highlight diagnostic challenges and surgical management of co-existent lumbar OTB-ACB in a child.Methods: We present a 14-year old female with low back pain and progressive swelling of 2 months. She was evaluated by neuroimaging studies...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Provision of up-to-date information and skills training related to basic life support practices is very important for nursing students’ professional development and practitioner and education related roles.Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of basic life support training on knowledge and practices among nursing students.Methods: A non-randomized quasi-experimental design (One group pre-test-post-test) was used in this study. The study was conducted in...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Annona stenophylla is a folk medicine popularly used in Zimbabwe for the treatment of many ailments. This study was carried out to determine some of the possible anti diabetic mechanisms of its action using in vitro cell culturing methods.Methods: A. stenophylla’s effects on glucose uptake were tested using muscle cells (C2Cl2). Expression of glucose 4 transporters was determined by treating cell lines with plant extract. Total RNA was isolated and using RT-PCR, GLUT 4 expression levels were...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Rivaroxaban is one of the new anti-coagulants that inhibit Factor Xa and rarely cause rectus sheath hematoma and retroperitoneal haemorrhage which are uncommon, life-threatening complications. Here is a case of an elderly patient on rivaroxaban therapy for the stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation who developed rectus sheath hematoma and retroperitoneal bleeding.Keywords: Rectus sheath hematoma, retroperitoneal bleeding, rivaroxaban.
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Real-time ultrasound scanning is increasing in popularity as a teaching tool for human anatomy because it is non-invasive, offers real-time 3-D anatomy and is cheaper than dissections.Objectives: To assess real-time ultrasound scanning as a teaching method of human anatomy, and to determine what teaching methods radiography students consider effective for understanding human anatomy.Materials and methods: One hundred and ten self-administered, structured and pre-tested questionnaires...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Dietary composition is the cornerstone of weight management. This study aimed to investigate the effect of nutrient intakes on anthropometric profiles among university students.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 411 students aged 18-29 years, purposive sampled from a selected private university in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Anthropometric profiles were measured. Nutrient intakes were assessed by 3-day24-hour diet recalls.Results: Respondents on average had adequate macronutrient...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Deaf children face many challenges in dealing with educational opportunities and ensuring attainment of academic skills. A parent's involvement in the child's education has the potential to enhance academic performance. We sought to study the association between parental involvement and academic achievement among deaf children in Uganda.Methods: Using purposive consecutive sampling, one hundred and eight parents of deaf children (Primary 1 to 7) were recruited from Mulago School for the...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Congenital colour vision defects are x-linked inherited, non-progressive and untreatable disorders that describe poor colour discrimination.Objective: To determine the prevalence of congenital colour vision deficiency among students in Lagos, Nigeria.Methods: A school-based cross-sectional, cluster sample study was conducted to test the colour vision of 2326 primary and high school students. Inclusion criteria were Snellen VA 20/20 or better and absence of known ocular pathologies. Colour...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Anecdotal evidence suggests that student accoucheurs studying at the Free State School of Nursing in South Africa are faced with resistance, discrimination, rejection and unacceptability by pregnant women during their clinical placement at the Free State maternal health care institutions.Objective: The aim of the study was to explore and describe the challenges faced by student accoucheurs regarding the maternal health care services they render to women.Methods: An explorative, descriptive,...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: The first step towards establishing and improving patient safety culture in hospitals is measuring patient safety culture perceptions of staff. Few studies have examined the perception of patient safety culture in general surgery departments.Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate patient safety culture and patient safety grade in general surgery departments and to examine the relation between the patient safety culture and the patient safety grade.Methods: This study...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Sleep disturbance is a major problem for older adults which can be exacerbated by increased inflammation as aging is associated with increased circulating pro-inflammatory and lower anti-inflammatory cytokines. There is a need to develop alternative medicine techniques to help improve sleep quality in the elderly.Objective: To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise training on the sleep quality and inflammatory cytokines in elderly subjects.Material and methods: Forty previously...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Exercise is nowadays considered as an evidence-based treatment modality in people with mental illness. Nurses and occupational therapists working in low-resourced mental health settings are well-placed to provide exercise advice for people with mental illness.Objectives: We examined the current exercise prescription practices employed by Ugandan health care professionals when working with people with mental illness, and identified perceived barriers to exercise prescription and exercise...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder with strong genetic components. The reported association of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms varies among ethnic groups.Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine association of vitamin D receptor gene BsmI (rs1544410 A>G) polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pakistani population.Methods: Blood samples were collected from 150 T2DM patients and 100 non-diabetic engaged by convenient sampling method....
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Hearing loss is the most common form of human sensory deficit with its prevalence highest within the geriatric population. Approximately a third of adults aged from 61 years exhibit the characteristics of presbycusis, a number one contributor to communication disorders among the elderly, thereby affecting the social, functional andpsychological wellbeing of the elderly. Subsiquently, this leads to loneliness, isolation, dependence and frustration.Objective: To explore reasons why elderly...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Lung cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth of the lung tissues. It is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.Objectives: The study aimed to determine the circulating CRP, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 levels in lung cancer and healthy control and also established association between these biomarkers with the smoking status as well as the stages of the disease.Methodology: 51 lung cancer patients and 51 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study. The serum...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Cyclin D1 which is associated with cell cycle regulation is solidly established as an oncogene with an important pathogenetic role in breast carcinomas.Objectives: The aim of this study was to relate the Cyclin D1 protein overexpression with the amplification of its gene CCND1 in Estrogen Receptors (ER) positive breast carcinomas, in order to investigate the prognostic effect of their aberrations in relation to ER status, also to correlate the Cyclin D1 overexpression with other prognostic...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Objectives: Fungus Cordyceps militaris has been used as a herbal tonic in traditional Chinese medicine, which could be surface liquid-cultured for mycelia production. To evaluate the potential of polysaccharides obtained from mycelia of Cordyceps militaris (PS-MCM) for attenuation of side-effects of chemotherapy.Methods: Doxorubicin was used to induce cytotoxicity in THP-1 monocytes and EL-4 T cells, and the effects of PS-MCM on cell viability and cytokine production were detected on doxorubicin-treated...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Stroke is a heterogeneous, multifactorial disease regulated by modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors like total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipid-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipid-cholesterol (LDL-C) and glucose and non-modifiable factors like age. Evaluation of these risk factors for ischemic stroke may contribute to more effective prevention.Methods: This meta-analysis investigated the data up to 2018 with respect to age, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Hospital Acquired Acute Kidney Injury (HA-AKI) prevalence has not been analysed in a South African setting. We investigated HA-AKI prevalence, using the KDIGO definition, with clinical characteristics and outcomes. The aim was to provide evidence for earlier treatment interventions to improve outcomes, such as recent UK NHS initiatives of automated electronic alerts in the laboratory information system.Methods: Retrospective laboratory and clinical data was analysed for a 6-month period...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Risk assessment has been shown to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In view of their proximity and accessibility, community pharmacies could be a suitable site forcardiovascular risk assessment and other preventive health activities especially in rural underserved populations. The objective of this study was to assess outcome of cardiovascular risk assessment among rural community dwellers.Materials and methods:...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction has been shown to be a major contributor to the adverse outcomes in subjects with heart failure. Few studies evaluating the right ventricle in heart failure subjectshave been carried out in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study was therefore designed to evaluate the right ventricular systolic function in subjects with heart failure secondary to hypertensive heart disease presenting to the University College Hospital, Ibadan Nigeria.Methodology: Seventy-six...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Poor knowledge can influence timely care-seeking among persons with Buruli ulcer disease (BUD).Objectives: To assess community knowledge, attitude and stigma towards persons with BUD in endemic settings of Southern Nigeria.Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey conducted among adult community members in four States of Southern Nigeria. A semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was administered to all participants.Results: Of 491 adults who completed the survey, 315...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Objective: To explore simple inexpensive non-culture based predictors of recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Setting and study population: HIV-infected and uninfected adults with the first episode of smear positive, culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in a high tuberculosis burden country.Design: A nested prospective cohort study of participants with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) presenting to a hospital out-patient clinic.Results: A total of 630 TB culture confirmed participants were followed...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: The epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection among under-five children in the South West Nigeria remains largely understudied. There is no data on the subject from the study area.Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the seroprevalence of H. pylori infection among under-five children at a tertiary hospital in the South Western, Nigeria and to determine its associated socio-demographic factors.Methods: Sera of 360 children were analyzed for anti H. pylori Ig G...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Repeatedly hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are often exposed to more antibiotics, but the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in these patients is poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and the risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria infection in early re-admission patients with AECOPD.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed charts for patients...
Wed Aug 21, 2019 01:00
Background: Previous trials have investigated the effect of hepatitis C on lung functions; however, the role of viral load levels is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of HCV viremia status on lung functions.Methods: This study was in 60 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Patients were classified into three groups (non-viremic, low-viremic and high-viremic) based on serum HCV RNA levels. Spirometric parameters (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC) and the proportion of patients with...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Objective: The objective of this study was to isolate and phenotypically characterize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)from clinical and community samples in Abakaliki, Nigeria.Methods: A total of 709 clinical (303) and community samples (406) samples were obtained for this study. MRSA isolates were detected using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method with the inclusion of 1 μg oxacillin and cefoxitin antibiotic disc. The isolates were screened for the β-lactamase production using nitrocefin...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are a potential cause of morbidity and increased cost of care after operations such as open prostatectomy.Objective: To audit the occurrence of SSI after open prostatectomy at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, NigeriaMethods: A review of all patients who underwent open prostatectomy over a ten-year period (July 2005 to June 2015). Data analysis was done using the statistical package for social sciences version 21....
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Objectives: A retrospective study was conducted in the Bone Marrow Transplant Center of Tunisia during a period of 10 years (from 2002 to 2011) in order to report the prevalence of infectious multi-drug resistant bacteria.Methods: Bacterial identification was carried on the basis of biochemical characteristics and API identification systems. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested by disc diffusion method on Muller-Hinton agar.Results: During the study period, 34.5% of 142 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Objective: To assess the prevalence of ESBL producing and carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from in-come and out-come patients at Sahloul-university hospital.Methods: A retrospective study over a 3 years period (January 2012 and December 2014) focused on 2160 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS program. ESBL detection was performed using a double disc diffusion method and carbapenemase detection was realized by Rosco-Disk kit.Results:...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: In the last five decades, dengue has emerged as one of the most important infectious diseases, following a 30-foldincrease in global incidence throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. The actual numbers of dengue cases areunder-reported and many cases are misclassified.Objectives: This article describes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features and management of dengue. It also exploresthe implications of infection with this flavivirus for Nigeria, and similar...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: Microbial infection of the genital tract or semen is one of the leading causes of male infertility. Consequently, there is a need to seek alternative products from natural sources.Objectives: The antibacterial, phytochemical and cytogenotoxicological assessments of the aqueous extract of Cymbopogon citratus leaf were evaluated.Methods: The antibacterial potential of the extract was done via agar-well diffusion and microdilution techniques. The phytochemical analysis was done via standard...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: Infection with the human immune deficiency virus (HIV) is still a prevalent problem in Africa.Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypocortisolism among patients with HIV and their clinical profile at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Kano, Nigeria.Method: Three hundred and fifty adult patients with HIV infection were recruited from the HIV clinic of AKTH, Kano. Blood samples for serum electrolytes, and cortisol both before and after the short Synacthen...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Introduction: Chronic pain classification in HIV positive patients is essential for diagnosis and treatment. However, this is rarely done despite association with poor outcomes.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 345 consented patients at a specialized HIV care center in Uganda was conducted. Chronic pain was defined as pain of more than two weeks duration. Data was collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire, the IASP classification of chronic pain; the StEP; Mini Mental Status Examination,...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: Neurological disorders in HIV infection are a common cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this paper is to provide a narrative overview of up to date information concerning neurological disorders affecting HIV infected persons in Africa.Methods: Seminal research concerning neurological disorders among HIV-infected adults in sub-Saharan Africa from prior to 2000 was combined with an in-depth search of PubMed to identify literature published from 2000 to 2017. The following Mesh terms...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: Neanatal comploications are the commonest problems facing babies in Tanzania. An attempt has been made to investigate determinants of neonatal outcomes among postnatal women.Methods: Using a case-contrrol study design, 165 women were selected from 3 health facilities, where they had had antenatal care (ANC), labour, delivery and post natal care.Results: Chi- square test revealed that gestational age (p-value, 0.01), HIV status (p-value, 0.000) and malaria (p-value, 0.001<0.05) were...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: Co-infection of HBV with HIV is associated with significant morbidity and mortality globally. In spite of increasing reports of HIV/HBV co-morbidities in Nigeria, little or no data exists on this subject in Anyigba. Therefore,we determined the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigenemia among HIV positive patients on anti-retroviral treatment programme in Anyigba, Kogi State, North-Central Nigeria.Methods: Sera samples obtained from 200 consented HIV patients were screened for HBsAg...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: Stillbirth is a death before the complete expulsion or extraction from the mother. The burden is severe and high in developing countries. Risk factors for stillbirth are not yet studied in Ethiopia.Objective:To identify risk factors of stillbirth among mothers delivered in public hospitals of Central Zone Tigray, Ethiopia.Methods: A case-control study design was used. Data collection period was from January to April 2018. Study subjects 63 cases and 252 controls were selected using systematic...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: Aeromonas are ubiquitous bacteria causing many clinical conditions including acute diarrhea. Diarrheagenic Aeromonas harbors aerolysin gene secreting virulent enterotoxin, aerolysin.Objectives: To develop a molecular and immunological based method for detection of Aeromonas.Methods: Diarrheal Aeromonas strains were identified from stool samples using culture, enterotoxicity testing using mice model. During immune magnetic polymerase chain reaction IM-PCR protocol, aerolysin specific antibodies...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: There is a high prevalence of paediatric emergency cases in less developed countries. However, prolonged hospital stay at emergency units may further overstretch the facilities.Objective: To assess the patterns of presentations, services offered and predictors of a prolonged stay at the Children Emergency Room of a tertiary hospital in Southern Nigeria.Methods: This prospective cross-sectional, study was conducted at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Nigeria from 1st January–31st...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: One of the public health problems in developing countries is child malnutrition. An important factor for children’s well-being is good nutrition. Therefore, the malnutrition status of children under the age of five is an important outcome measure for children’s health. This study uses the proportional odds model to identify risk factors associated with child malnutrition in Ethiopia using the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data.Methods: This study uses the 2016 Ethiopian...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: Rotavirus infection and its associated hospitalization of children less than 5 years old in middle- and low-income countries remains a public health challenge. We hypothesized that the Rotarix®potency is affected by non-optimal temperatures which translates into reduced vaccine effectiveness in these settings.Objective: To assess the effect of non-optimal temperatures on the potency of the Rotarix® vaccine in South Africa.Methods: Rotarix® vaccine was exposed to temperatures reflecting...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: Quorum sensing inhibitionis an advanced strategy that aims to interfere with bacterial cell-to-cell communication systems (quorum sensing), which regulate virulence factors production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in order to overcome the globalcrisis of antimicrobial resistance.Objectives: Study the potential quorum sensing inhibitory effect of Zinc oxide (ZnO)nanoparticlesin Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the impact on production of virulence factors.Methods: Quorum sensing inhibitory effect...
Tue Aug 20, 2019 01:00
Background: Despite the fact that about 94% of pregnant women attend ANC, 95% deliver at health facilities and 99% deliveries are assisted by skilled birth attendants in Botswana, the national Maternal Mortality Rate is still high.Objectives: To determine the trend of MMR at Princess Marina and Nyangabwe referral hospitals before and after EMOC training.Methods: Retrospective longitudinal quantitative study design was used to collect data on maternal deaths. Demographic characteristics, maternal...
Mon Aug 19, 2019 01:00
Background: Sexuality is an important factor that completes the lives of individuals and affects people in all age groups.Objectives: To examine the sexual functions of women before and after menopause.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Family Health Centers in Tunceli Turkey,\ between September 2014 and February 2015. The study data were obtained using a Questionnaire and the Female Sexual Function Index. The data wereanalyzed by number, percentage distribution, mean, standard...
Mon Aug 19, 2019 01:00
Background: Adolescents experience high rates of depression, initiation of sexual activity, and substance use.Objectives: To better understand the demographics of adolescents presenting to an adolescent clinic in Uganda, and to elucidate which factors are associated with depressive symptoms, sexual initiation, and substance use.Methods: A retrospective review was performed on intake forms obtained during interviews with adolescents presenting to the Makerere/Mulago Columbia Adolescent Health Clinic...
Mon Aug 19, 2019 01:00
Background: Contraceptive use helps in preventing unplanned pregnancy and reducing maternal death among married women.Objective: To investigate the attitude of married women towards contraceptive use in Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State. The study also examined whether the variables of age and educational attainment would influence attitude of married women towards contraceptive use in Ilorin metropolis.Methods: Descriptive survey design and analytical methods were adopted for the study. Simple random...
Mon Aug 19, 2019 01:00
Background: Prior studies on Hysterosalpingography (HSG) have shown that pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) related tubal adhesions accounted for 30 – 50% of female infertility, with as high as 80% reported in some studies. With improved access tocontraceptives, antibiotics and promotion of safe practices, the abnormal findings in HSG may have reduced or altered.Objective: To document the imaging findings in the HSG of participants and to compare current findings with prior studies done nationally...
Mon Aug 19, 2019 01:00
Background: Maternal, fetal and neonatal mortality are 10 to 100 fold higher in many low-income compared to high-income countries. Reasons for these discrepancies include limited antenatal care and delivery outside health facilities.Objectives: The study aimed at conducting a baseline survey to assess the current levels of maternal health indicators in six counties in Western Kenya.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted targeting women residing in Uasin-Gishu, ElgeyoMarakwet, TransNzoia, Bungoma,...
Mon Aug 19, 2019 01:00
Background: A significant proportion of newborns in the developing countries are born with congenital anomalies.Objective: This study investigated congenital infections due to Rubella virus, Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum among presumed normal neonates from full term pregnant women in Mwanza, Tanzania.Methods: Sera from mothers were tested for Treponema pallidum and Toxoplasma gondii infection while newborns from mothers with acute infections were tested for T. pallidum and T. gondii, and...
Mon Aug 19, 2019 01:00
Background: Based on the increased pre-eclampsia and HIV antenatal incidence in South Africa, we determined the angiogenic profiles due to its mechanistic link in preeclampsia development, throughout uncomplicated pregnancies in HIV positive and negative women.Objective: To determine the angiogenic profiles throughout uncomplicated pregnancies in HIV positive and HIV negative women. We explored possible correlations between angiogenic serum levels and selected maternal characteristics (HIV status, gestational...
Mon Aug 19, 2019 01:00
Background: Emergency nurses’ understanding and interpretation of intimate partner violence influence the care they provide to women exposed to intimate partner violence.Objectives: The aim of this study was to uncover discourses that may help understand emergency nurses’ responses towards women exposed to intimate partner violenceMaterials and methods: This study used a qualitative design to explore emergency nurses’ discourses. Purposive sampling was used to select 15 participants working at an...
Mon Aug 19, 2019 01:00
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Mon Aug 19, 2019 01:00
Abstract “Attention-getters” are proposed to be gestures that function to attract the attention of a recipient and therefore allow further communication to take place. Their use is an indicator of intentional communication and thus of great interest to researchers in the field of language evolution. However, there is conflicting evidence as to whether nonhuman primates use attention-getters, both in conspecific interactions and in interactions with humans. We examined whether zoo-housed...
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The adverse health effects of short-term exposure to ambient air pollution are well documented. Particulate matter (PM), especially, arouses public health concerns because of its toxicity and the widespread human exposure to this pollutant. PM, which includes inhalable particles with an aerodynamic…
Thu Aug 22, 2019 03:00
Ischemic heart disease is the most common and most lethal cause of heart failure. It is also the only cause of left ventricular dysfunction that is amenable to the benefit of surgical revascularization. The Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial and its extension study…
Thu Aug 22, 2019 03:00
Despite the availability of proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents, and monoclonal antibodies for multiple myeloma, most patients will have a relapse and refractory disease will develop. An increasing number of patients have triple-class refractory myeloma, defined as disease refractory to…
Thu Aug 22, 2019 03:00
Acute heart failure remains a leading cause of hospitalization. Among hospitalized patients with acute heart failure, 10 to 15% have worsening heart failure during the hospitalization, and 10 to 15% die within 60 to 90 days after discharge; these numbers are dramatically higher than those among…
Thu Aug 22, 2019 03:00
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
Thu Aug 22, 2019 10:00
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
Thu Aug 22, 2019 10:00
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Thu Aug 22, 2019 10:00
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Thu Aug 22, 2019 10:00
The transferrin receptor (TfR1) is the principal means of iron importation for most mammalian cells, and regulation of mRNA stability is a major mechanism through which TfR1 expression is controlled in response to changing intracellular iron levels. An endonuclease activity degrades the TfR1 mRNA during iron-repletion, which reduces iron importation and contributes to the restoration of homeostasis. Correct identification of the TfR1 mRNA endonuclease activity is important as it has potential to...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 23:15
CRISPR-Cas systems are bacterial adaptive immune pathways that have revolutionized biotechnology and biomedical applications. Despite the potential for human therapeutic development, there are many hurdles that must be overcome before its use in clinical settings. Some clinical safety concerns arise from editing activity in unintended cell types or tissues upon in vivo delivery [e.g. by adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors]. Although tissue-specific promoters and serotypes with tissue tropisms can...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 20:57
The L1 stalk is required for efficient export of nascent large ribosomal subunits in yeast [Article]
The ribosomal protein Rpl1 (uL1 in universal nomenclature) is essential in yeast and constitutes part of the L1 stalk which interacts with E site ligands on the ribosome. Structural studies of nascent pre-60S complexes in yeast have shown that a domain of the Crm1-dependent nuclear export adapter Nmd3, binds in the E site and interacts with Rpl1, inducing closure of the L1 stalk. Based on this observation, we decided to reinvestigate the role of the L1 stalk in nuclear export of pre-60S subunits...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 17:38
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Volumetric high-resolution heavily T2-weighted imaging or time-resolved contrast-enhanced MRA is used in the detection and characterization of spinal vascular malformations, though inherent trade-offs can affect their overall sensitivity and accuracy. We compared the efficacy of volumetric high-resolution heavily T2-weighted and time-resolved contrast-enhanced images in spinal vascular malformation diagnosis and feeder characterization and assessed whether a combined evaluation...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 18:48
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Gadolinium enhanced MRI is routinely used for follow-up of patients with multiple sclerosis. Our aim was to evaluate whether enhancing multiple sclerosis lesions on follow-up MR imaging can be detected by visual assessment of unenhanced double inversion recovery and FLAIR sequences.MATERIALS AND METHODS:A total of 252 consecutive MRIs in 172 adult patients with a known diagnosis of multiple sclerosis were reviewed. The co-presence or absence of associated double inversion recovery...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 18:48
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Validation of diffusion-weighted images obtained on 0.35T MR imaging in Malawi has facilitated meaningful review of previously unreported findings in cerebral malaria. Malawian children with acute cerebral malaria demonstrated restricted diffusion on brain MR imaging, including an unusual pattern of restriction isolated to the subcortical white matter. We describe the patterns of diffusion restriction in cerebral malaria and further evaluate risk factors for and outcomes associated...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 18:48
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Currently, accurate and reproducible spinal cord GM segmentation remains challenging and a noninvasive broadly accepted reference standard for spinal cord GM measurements is still a matter of ongoing discussion. Our aim was to assess the reproducibility and accuracy of cervical spinal cord GM and WM cross-sectional area measurements using averaged magnetization inversion recovery acquisitions images and a fully-automatic postprocessing segmentation algorithm.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 18:48
Thu Aug 22, 2019 18:48
Purpose: This study was to perform preclinical evaluation of a novel class I and IIb HDAC selective inhibitor, Purinostat Mesylate (PM), for the treatment of Ph+ B-ALL. Experimental Design: Biochemical assays were used to test enzymatic activity inhibition of PM. Ph+ leukemic cell lines and patient cells were used to evaluate PM activity in vitro. BL-2 secondary transplantation Ph+ B-ALL mouse model was used to validate its efficacy, mechanism and pharmacokinetics properties in vivo. BCR-ABL(T315I)-induced...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 17:02
Purpose: No study have investigated the precise perioperative dynamic changes in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in any early stage cancer patients. This study (DYNAMIC) investigated perioperative dynamic changes in ctDNA and determine the appropriate detection time of ctDNA-based surveillance for surgical lung cancer patients. Experimental Design: Consecutive patients who underwent curative-intent lung resections were enrolled prospectively (NCT02965391). Plasma samples were obtained at multiple pre-specified...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 17:02
Early drug development for cancer requires broad collaboration and skilled clinical investigators to enable enrollment of patients whose tumors have defined molecular profiles. To respond to these challenges, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) transformed its 60-year old early phase drug development program in 2014 into the Experimental Therapeutics Clinical Trials Network (ETCTN). The ETCTN is a consolidated, national network of 40+ academic institutions responsible for conducting over 100 early...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 17:02
Purpose: To assess the utility of the cobas® EGFR Mutation Test, with tissue and plasma, for first-line osimertinib therapy for patients with EGFR-mutated (EGFRm) (Ex19del and/or L858R) advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from the FLAURA study (NCT02296125). Experimental Design: Tumor tissue EGFRm status was determined at screening using the central cobas tissue test or a local tissue test. Baseline circulating tumor (ct)DNA EGFRm status was retrospectively determined with the...
Thu Aug 22, 2019 17:02
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