Enthuse for PERUSE: when clinical judgment overcomes regulatory boundaries
V Guarneri
Annals of Oncology, Volume 30, Issue 5, May 2019, Pages 665–667, https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdz091
Published: 19 March 2019
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Issue Section: Editorials
Contemporary treatment of human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancers is a successful example of the rationale development of molecularly targeted therapies. The observation that HER2 overexpression or gene amplification was associated with more aggressive phenotype and poorer prognosis has laid the groundwork for developing agents to antagonize this pathway [1].

The humanized monoclonal anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab combined with cytotoxic agents was rapidly established as the standard therapy of early and advanced HER2-positive breast cancer in light of its unquestionable efficacy [2–5]. But this was just the beginning. Indeed, metastatic breast cancer is still incurable. The importance of...

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