Association of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 gene polymorphism (Leu125Val) with coronary artery disease in type II diabetics and nondiabetics Maha M.S El-Kishki, Amal M Abdelfattah Alramly, Mohamed O Taha, Rana A El Din Medhat The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls 2019 3(1):23-32 Background and objectives Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) plays a key role in the transendothelial migration of circulating leukocytes (diapedesis) during vascular inflammation. Polymorphism (Leu125Val) of the PECAM-1 gene (373C/G) is functional. It was reported to be associated with high serum level of PECAM-1. We hypothesized that this genetic variation of the PECAM-1 gene could be associated with the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore we conducted a study to investigate the association between single-nucleotide polymorphism of the PECAM-1 gene, C+373G (Leu125Val) at exon 3, in Egyptian patients with coronary artery disease. Patients and methods Blood samples were withdrawn from 40 coronary artery disease patients and 20 age-matched and sex-matched controls. The single-nucleotide polymorphism of the PECAM-1 gene was analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism strategy. Results Genotype distributions between patient and control groups showed no significant statistical difference regarding the CC genotype, where 22.5% of patients and 35% of controls carried this genotype (P=0.470). As for the CG genotype, a statistically significant higher CG genotype distribution was found in patients, where 52.5% of patients and only 20% of controls carried this genotype (P=0.033). There was no statistically significant difference in GG distributions between patient and control groups, where 25% of patients and 45% of controls carried this genotype (P=0.202). No significant statistical difference was observed in allele frequency between the two groups, where 51.25% of patients and 55% of controls carry the G allele and 48.7% of patients and 45% of controls carry the C allele (P=0.846). Interpretation and conclusion We concluded that our study demonstrated a possible effect of PECAM-1 (Leu125Val) polymorphism on the development of atherosclerosis.