Reporting guidelines for clinical trials evaluating artificial intelligence interventions are needed
Nature Medicine, Published online: 24 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0603-3As artificial intelligence moves into the realm of clinical trials, consideration is needed on whether the current CONSORT and SPIRIT reporting statements are sufficient to ensure transparency.
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Reporting guidelines for clinical trials evaluating artificial intelligence interventions are needed
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by Zohreh Mehrjoo, Zohreh Fattahi, Maryam Beheshtian, Marzieh Mohseni, Hossein Poustchi, Fariba Ardalani, Khadijeh Jalalvand, Sanaz Arzhangi, Zahra Mohammadi, Shahrouz Khoshbakht, Farid Najafi, Pooneh Nikuei, Mohammad Haddadi, Elham Zohrehvand, Morteza Oladnabi, Akbar Mohammadzadeh, Mandana Hadi Jafari, Tara Akhtarkhavari, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki, Aliakbar Haghdoost, Reza Najafipour, Lisa-Marie Niestroj, Barbara Helwing, Yasmina Gossmann, Mohammad Reza Toliat, Reza Malekzadeh, Peter Nürnberg, Kimia...
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Abstract The aim of this study was to newly identify and investigate the gender differences in pharmacokinetics (PKs) and tissue distribution of 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP) in both male and female Sprague–Dawley rats. For this study, a UPLC–ESI–MS/MS system for 4-n-NP was developed as a sensitive and rapid analysis method and validated according to the accepted criteria of the international guidelines. The method was finally applied to the analysis of plasma, urine, feces, and nine...
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Abstract Prediction of pEC50 values of dioxins binding with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is of great significance for exploring how dioxins induce toxicity in human body and evaluating their environmental behaviors and risks. To reveal the factors that influence the toxicity of dioxins, provide more accurate mathematical models for predicting the pEC50 values of dioxins, and supplement the toxicity database of persistent organic pollutants, qualitative structure–activity...
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Abstract Sunitinib malate is a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor used extensively for treatment of human tumors. However, cardiovascular adverse effects of sunitinib limit its clinical use. It is pivotal to elucidate molecular targets that mediate sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity. Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) is an effective mitochondrial deacetylase that has been reported to regulate sensitivity of different types of cells to chemotherapies, but roles of Sirt3 in sunitinib-induced...
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Nature Immunology, Published online: 24 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41590-019-0519-6Author Correction: PD-1 blockade in subprimed CD8 cells induces dysfunctional PD-1+CD38hi cells and anti-PD-1 resistance
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Nature Immunology, Published online: 24 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41590-019-0517-8Author Correction: Glycerol phosphate shuttle enzyme GPD2 regulates macrophage inflammatory responses
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Key PointsAnti-OX40 treatment does not impair TIL Treg suppressive function. OX40 ligation enhances Treg and Tconv proliferation through Tconv cell IL-2 secretion. TIL Tregs proliferate and produce Th1 cytokines after anti-OX40 treatment.
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Key PointsMany primary human cancers frequently downregulate the transcription factor IRF2. IRF2 loss causes an immune evasion phenotype of low MHC-I and high PD-L1. The MHC-I defect in IRF2-low cells can be restored upon IFN stimulation.
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Key PointsAsp53 residue of β2M is important in forming a complex with Met93 of ESAT-6. SM09 and SM15 rescued ESAT-6–mediated downregulation of MHC class I Ag presentation. SM09 and SM15 inhibited survival of M. tuberculosis inside the macrophage.
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Key PointsCD180 Ag targeting facilitates Ag presentation by B cells to CD4+ T cells. Immature B cells are sufficient for TFH cell maturation. Compared with CD180, CD40 targeting induces slower and lower-affinity IgG responses.
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Key PointsA mouse model of granuloma induced by intrathecal morphine was established. Mast cell–specific receptor MrgprB2 is essential for granuloma pathogenesis. Activation of MrgprB2 in mast cells promote granuloma-related cell recruitment.
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Key PointsUCH-L1 expression and activity in DCs are regulated by immune stimuli. Cross-priming of the CD8 T cell response is affected by UCH-L1. MHC I recycling for cross-presentation is promoted by UCH-L1.
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Key PointsMSC EV may stimulate increased antimicrobial activity during bacterial pneumonia. Increased antimicrobial activity is associated with increased LTB4 production. MSC EV may increase LTB4 production via transfer of miR145 to target cells.
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