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Τρίτη 25 Ιουνίου 2019

<i>In vitro</i> effects on calcium oxalate crystallization kinetics and crystal morphology of an aqueous extract from <i>Ceterach officinarum</i>: Analysis of a potential antilithiatic mechanism
by Roberta De Bellis, Maria Piera Piacentini, Maria Assunta Meli, Michele Mattioli, Michele Menotta, Michele Mari, Laura Valentini, Letizia Palomba, Donatella Desideri, Laura Chiarantini Ceterach officinarum Willd is a plant widespread throughout Europe and used in southern Italy as a diuretic. Beliefs in the benefits of C. officinarum aqueous extract in the treatment of calcium oxalate kidney stones are widely held. Little is known, however, about the actual mechanism of its antilithiatic action....
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Functional Data Analysis of high-frequency load curves reveals drivers of residential electricity consumption
by Matteo Fontana, Massimo Tavoni, Simone Vantini Smart energy meters generate real time, high frequency data which can foster demand management and response of consumers and firms, with potential private and social benefits. However, proper statistical techniques are needed to make sense of this large amount of data and translate them into usable recommendations. Here, we apply Functional Data Analysis (FDA), a novel branch of Statistics that analyses functions—to identify drivers of residential...
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Correction: RNA-seq transcriptome analysis of the immature seeds of two <i>Brassica napus</i> lines with extremely different thousand-seed weight to identify the candidate genes related to seed weight
by Xinxin Geng, Na Dong, Yuquan Wang, Gan Li, Lijun Wang, Xuejiao Guo, Jiabing Li, Zhaopu Wen, Wenhui Wei
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A brief home-based palliative care learning experience for medical students and resident doctors in Okinawa, Japan
by Hiroaki Nagano, Haruo Obara, Yoshihiro Takayama Background The clinical component of medical education for students and resident doctors in Japan occurs almost entirely in the hospital setting. Because of this inpatient focus, graduate medical education clinical training often fails to expose physicians-in-training to the challenges that patients may face in the outpatient or home setting.This is a descriptive study in which we explore what participating students and resident doctors learned...
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Physical fitness and physical activity of 6-7-year-old children according to weight status and sports participation
by Eva-Maria Riso, Lisette Toplaan, Piret Viira, Sille Vaiksaar, Jaak Jürimäe Background The aim of this study was to investigate physical fitness and physical activity (PA) of 6-7-year-old children just before entering school according to their sports club (SC) participation and weight status, and to examine possible associations of their body mass index, fat mass and fat-free mass with physical fitness and PA. Methods A total of 256 preschoolers aged 6 to 7 years participated in the study. Physical...
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A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of physically active classrooms on educational and enjoyment outcomes in school age children
by Chloe Bedard, Laura St John, Emily Bremer, Jeffrey D. Graham, John Cairney Objectives Despite the relationship between physical activity (PA) and learning outcomes, the school system has not been able to support the inclusion of PA throughout the day. A solution to this problem integrates PA into the academic classroom. The objective of this review is to determine the impact of active classrooms compared to traditional sedentary classrooms on educational outcomes of school-aged children. Design...
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Optical coherence tomography angiography characteristics of choroidal neovascularization requiring varied dosing frequencies in treat-and-extend management: An analysis of the AVATAR study
by Atsuro Uchida, Ming Hu, Amy Babiuch, Sunil K. Srivastava, Rishi P. Singh, Peter K. Kaiser, Katherine Talcott, Aleksandra Rachitskaya, Justis P. Ehlers Purpose To evaluate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) characteristics of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in eyes requiring different treatment frequency of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NVAMD). Design Prospective observational case series. Methods Subjects...
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Genomic characterization of <i>canine circovirus</i> associated with fatal disease in dogs in South America
by Fiorella Kotsias, Danilo Bucafusco, Denise Anabel Nuñez, Lucía Antonella Lago Borisovsky, Mariana Rodriguez, Ana Cristina Bratanich Canine circovirus (CanineCV) was detected, together with canine parvovirus (CPV), in samples from an outbreak of fatal gastroenteritis in dogs in Argentina. We obtained the full-length genome of this recently discovered virus by overlapping PCR, designated strain UBA-Baires. Sequence analysis revealed a highly conserved genome but also showed several unique mutations...
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Youth and forecasting of sustainable development pillars: An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approach
by Jasna Petković, Nataša Petrović, Ivana Dragović, Kristina Stanojević, Jelena Andreja Radaković, Tatjana Borojević, Mirjana Kljajić Borštnar Sustainable development goals are used as a guidance for strategies development on local, regional and national levels. The importance of including young people in this complex process is recognized in all relevant documents (i.e. Agenda 21), however it is not an easy task to elicit opinions and preferences from the youth. Furthermore, the assessment...
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Canonical description of wing kinematics and dynamics for a straight flying insectivorous bat (<i>Hipposideros pratti</i>)
by Susheel Sekhar, Peter Windes, Xiaozhou Fan, Danesh K. Tafti Bats, with highly articulated wings, are some of the most agile flyers in nature. A novel three-dimensional geometric decomposition framework is developed to reduce the complex kinematics of a bat wing into physical movements used to describe flapping flight: namely flapping, stroke plane deviation and pitching, together with cambering and flexion. The decomposition is combined with aerodynamic simulations to investigate the cumulative...
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Evaluation of parylene derivatives for use as biomaterials for human astrocyte cell patterning
by Brad J. Raos, M. Cather Simpson, Colin S. Doyle, E. Scott Graham, Charles P. Unsworth Cell patterning is becoming increasingly popular in neuroscience because it allows for the control in the location and connectivity of cells. A recently developed cell patterning technology uses patterns of an organic polymer, parylene-C, on a background of SiO2. When cells are cultured on the parylene-C/SiO2 substrate they conform to the underlying parylene-C geometry. Parylene-C is, however, just one member...
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Mapping flow velocity in the human retinal capillary network with pixel intensity cross correlation
by Phillip Bedggood, Andrew Metha We present a new method for determining cellular velocity in the smallest retinal vascular networks as visualized with adaptive optics. The method operates by comparing the intensity profile of each movie pixel with that of every other pixel, after shifting in time by one frame. The time-shifted pixel which most resembles the reference pixel is deemed to be a ‘source’ or ‘destination’ of flow information for that pixel. Velocity in the transverse direction is...
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γδ T cells shape memory-phenotype αβ T cell populations in non-immunized mice
by Swati Popat Phalke, Yafei Huang, Kira Rubtsova, Andrew Getahun, Deming Sun, Richard L. Reinhardt, Rebecca L. O’Brien, Willi K. Born Size and composition of γδ T cell populations change dramatically with tissue location, during development, and in disease. Given the functional differentiation of γδ T cell subsets, such shifts might alter the impact of γδ T cells on the immune system. To test this concept, and to determine if γδ T cells can affect other immune cells prior to an immune response,...
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Characterization of Aloe Barbadensis Miller leaves as a potential electrical energy source with optimum experimental setup conditions
by Peng Lean Chong, Ajay Kumar Singh, Swee Leong Kok Electrical energy can be harvested from the living plants as a new potential renewable energy source. Characterization of the electrical signal is needed to enable an optimum energy harvesting setup condition. In the present paper, an investigation is conducted to analyze the characteristic of Aloe Barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera) leaves in terms of electrical energy generation under specific experimental setups. The experimental results show...
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Ligand-guided homology modeling drives identification of novel histamine H3 receptor ligands
by David Schaller, Stefanie Hagenow, Holger Stark, Gerhard Wolber In this study, we report a ligand-guided homology modeling approach allowing the analysis of relevant binding site residue conformations and the identification of two novel histamine H3 receptor ligands with binding affinity in the nanomolar range. The newly developed method is based on exploiting an essential charge interaction characteristic for aminergic G-protein coupled receptors for ranking 3D receptor models appropriate...
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Evaluating the relationship between binge drinking rates and a replicable measure of U.S. state alcohol policy environments
by Diana Silver, James Macinko, Margaret Giorgio, Jin Yung Bae Excessive alcohol consumption contributes significantly to premature mortality, injuries and morbidity, and a range of U.S. state policies have been shown to reduce these behaviors. Monitoring state alcohol policy environments is essential, but methodologically challenging given that new laws may be passed (or repealed) each year, resulting in considerable variation across states. Existing measures have not been made public or have...
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The <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. tomato DC3000 PSPTO_0820 multidrug transporter is involved in resistance to plant antimicrobials and bacterial survival during tomato plant infection
by Saray Santamaría-Hernando, Marta Senovilla, Almudena González-Mula, Pedro Manuel Martínez-García, Sandra Nebreda, Pablo Rodríguez-Palenzuela, Emilia López-Solanilla, José Juan Rodríguez-Herva Multidrug resistance efflux pumps protect bacterial cells against a wide spectrum of antimicrobial compounds. PSPTO_0820 is a predicted multidrug transporter from the phytopathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Orthologs of this protein are conserved within many Pseudomonas species...
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Long-term natural history data in Duchenne muscular dystrophy ambulant patients with mutations amenable to skip exons 44, 45, 51 and 53
by Claudia Brogna, Giorgia Coratti, Marika Pane, Valeria Ricotti, Sonia Messina, Adele D’Amico, Claudio Bruno, Gianluca Vita, Angela Berardinelli, Elena Mazzone, Francesca Magri, Federica Ricci, Tiziana Mongini, Roberta Battini, Luca Bello, Elena Pegoraro, Giovanni Baranello, Stefano C. Previtali, Luisa Politano, Giacomo P. Comi, Valeria A. Sansone, Alice Donati, Enrico Bertini, Francesco Muntoni, Nathalie Goemans, Eugenio Mercuri, on behalf on the International DMD group Introduction The aim...
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Deep learning approach to peripheral leukocyte recognition
by Qiwei Wang, Shusheng Bi, Minglei Sun, Yuliang Wang, Di Wang, Shaobao Yang Microscopic examination of peripheral blood plays an important role in the field of diagnosis and control of major diseases. Peripheral leukocyte recognition by manual requires medical technicians to observe blood smears through light microscopy, using their experience and expertise to discriminate and analyze different cells, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and subjective. The traditional systems based on...
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Increased ischemic stroke risk in patients with Behçet’s disease: A nationwide population-based cohort study
by Ching-Ying Wu, Hsin-Su Yu, Chee-Yin Chai, Yen-Hsia Wen, Shihn-Sheng Wu, Yang-Pei Chang, Chun-Hung Richard Lin, Jui-Hsiu Tsai Background Behçet’s disease (BD) is a recurrent, multisystemic, inflammatory disorder that mainly affects blood vessels. Because recurrent inflammation of blood vessels in the brain plays a crucial role in the development of ischemic stroke, we hypothesized that patients with BD might have an elevated risk of ischemic stroke. This potential association has been suggested...
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Are there differences in HIV retention in care between female and male patients in Indonesia? A multi-state analysis of a retrospective cohort study
by Annisa Rahmalia, Michael Holton Price, Yovita Hartantri, Bachti Alisjahbana, Rudi Wisaksana, Reinout van Crevel, Andre J. A. M. van der Ven Background Little is known about HIV treatment outcomes in Indonesia, which has one of the most rapidly growing HIV epidemics worldwide. Methods We examined possible differences in loss to follow-up (LTFU) and survival between HIV-infected females and males over a 7-year period in an HIV clinic in Bandung, West Java. Data imputation was performed on missing...
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Incarvillateine produces antinociceptive and motor suppressive effects via adenosine receptor activation
by Jinwoo Kim, Diane M. Bogdan, Matthew W. Elmes, Monaf Awwa, Su Yan, Joyce Che, Garam Lee, Dale G. Deutsch, Robert C. Rizzo, Martin Kaczocha, Iwao Ojima (-)-Incarvillateine (INCA) is a natural product that has garnered attention due to its purported analgesic effects and historical use as a pain reliever in China. α-Truxillic acid monoesters (TAMEs) constitute a class of inhibitors targeting fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5), whose inhibition produces analgesia in animal models. The structural...
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The effect of metal mixture composition on toxicity to <i>C</i>. <i>elegans</i> at individual and population levels
by Sofie Moyson, Raewyn M. Town, Kris Vissenberg, Ronny Blust The toxicity of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd) to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was characterised under single metal and mixture scenarios at different organisational levels. The effects on population size and body length were investigated at two concentrations corresponding to the 24 h LC5 and LC20 levels. Metal toxicity was dependent on metal concentration, exposure time and mixture composition. Populations exposed...
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A repertoire of 124 potential autoantigens for autoimmune kidney diseases identified by dermatan sulfate affinity enrichment of kidney tissue proteins
by Wei Zhang, Jung-hyun Rho, Michael W. Roehrl, Michael H. Roehrl, Julia Y. Wang Autoantigens are the molecular targets in autoimmune diseases. They are a cohort of seemingly unrelated self-molecules present in different parts of the body, yet they can trigger a similar chain of autoimmune responses such as autoantibody production. We previously reported that dermatan sulfate (DS) can bind self-molecules of dying cells to stimulate autoreactive CD5+ B cells to produce autoantibodies. The formation...
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Donor KIR2DS1 reduces the risk of transplant related mortality in HLA-C2 positive young recipients with hematological malignancies treated by myeloablative conditioning
by Attila Tordai, Andras Bors, Katalin Piroska Kiss, Katalin Balassa, Hajnalka Andrikovics, Arpad Batai, Aniko Szilvasi, Katalin Rajczy, Dora Inotai, Eva Torbagyi, Lilla Lengyel, Aniko Barta, Peter Remenyi, Tamas Masszi Background Recognition of HLA-C2 group alleles on recipient cells by activating killer immunoglobulin like receptors, KIR2DS1 on donor natural killer cells may lead to increased graft-versus-leukemia effect or immunomodulation in patients treated by allogeneic hematopoietic stem...
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Effect of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of PEPCK-M (Pck2) on Clenbuterol-induced muscle growth
by David M. Loczenski-Brown, Sarah Jones, Jeni Luckett, Zoe Daniel, Madelaine C. Brearley, Francis J. P. Ebling, Tim Parr, John M. Brameld We previously identified PEPCK-M (encoded by the Pck2 gene) to be highly up-regulated in skeletal muscle of pigs treated with Ractopamine, an anabolic beta-adrenergic receptor agonist. To determine whether PEPCK-M had a causative role in modulating the skeletal muscle growth response to Ractopamine, we used adeno-associated virus 1 (AAV1) to over-express...
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Correction: Clinical features of 2041 human brucellosis cases in China
by Yujing Shi, Hui Gao, Georgios Pappas, Qiulan Chen, Mei Li, Jun Xu, Shengjie Lai, Qiaohong Liao, Wenwen Yang, Zhongtao Yi, Zulaguli Rouzi, Hongjie Yu
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Evidence that 6q25.1 variant rs6931104 confers susceptibility to chronic myeloid leukemia through <i>RMND1</i> regulation
by Young Min Woo, Sehwa Kim, Jong-Ho Park, Nan Young Lee, Jong-Won Kim, Dennis Dong Hwan Kim Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder. Our previous study reported novel loci as genetic markers associated with increased susceptibility to CML. The present study conducted an expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis to confirm that the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at these loci affect the expression of candidate CML-susceptible genes. We identified...
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Spinal manual therapy in infants, children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis on treatment indication, technique and outcomes
by Femke Driehuis, Thomas J. Hoogeboom, Maria W. G. Nijhuis-van der Sanden, Rob A. de Bie, J. Bart Staal Background Studies on effectiveness and safety of specific spinal manual therapy (SMT) techniques in children, which distinguish between age groups, are lacking. Objective To conduct a systematic review of the evidence for effectiveness and harms of specific SMT techniques for infants, children and adolescents. Methods PubMed, Index to Chiropractic Literature, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane Library...
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Interaction between somatostatin analogues and targeted therapies in neuroendocrine tumor cells
by Sebastian Krug, Jan-Philipp Mordhorst, Fabian Moser, Katharina Theuerkorn, Claudia Ruffert, Maren Egidi, Anja Rinke, Thomas M. Gress, Patrick Michl Somatostatin analogues (SSA) represent the standard of care for symptom control in patients with functional gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET). In addition, SSA exert significant anti-proliferative effects in mid-gut and pancreatic NET (PanNET). In parallel, molecularly targeted therapies (MTT) have been shown to improve...
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Applicability of propidium monoazide (PMA) for discrimination between living and dead phytoplankton cells
by Sungbae Joo, Phillip Park, Sangkyu Park Propidium monoazide (PMA) is a highly selective dye that penetrates only membrane-compromised, dead microbial cells and inhibits both DNA extraction and amplification. PMA has been widely used for discrimination between living and dead microbial cells; however, the application of PMA in phytoplankton studies has been limited. In this study, we attempted to evaluate its applicability for the discrimination of viable phytoplankton. We tested PMA on seven...
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