IntroductionThere is an increasing demand for multi-organ donors for organ transplantation programmes. This study protocol describes the Donation Network to Optimise Organ Recovery Study, a planned cluster randomised controlled trial that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of an evidence-based, goal-directed checklist for brain-dead potential organ donor management in intensive care units (ICUs) in reducing the loss of potential donors due to cardiac arrest. Methods and analysisThe...
IntroductionThe emergence of mobile health (mHealth) solutions, particularly mHealth applications (apps), has shown promise in self-management of chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While majority of the previous systematic reviews have focused on the effectiveness of mHealth apps in improving treatment outcomes in patients with T2DM, there is a need to also understand how mHealth apps influence self-management of T2DM. This is crucial to ensure improvement in the design and...
ObjectiveElectronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) were introduced into all Scottish prisons in February 2018, some months after prisons began preparing in 2017 for a smoking ban implemented in November 2018. In 2016/2017, prison staff views on the potential benefits and risks of e-cigarettes were explored in advance of the introduction of: (1) a smoking ban and (2) e-cigarettes. SettingFourteen prisons in Scotland. ParticipantsSeventeen focus groups and two paired interviews were conducted with 132...
ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify those at high risk of poor mental health among nursing students and to examine the relationships and consistency among five mental health assessments. DesignA cross-sectional design with purposive sampling was used. Four mental health screening tools plus previous mental health history/information were conducted during June 2015 to October 2016. SettingA nursing major university in Taiwan. ParticipantsA total of 2779 participants aged between 19 and 45 years...
ObjectivesThis study investigated the associations between self-assessed empathy levels by physicians in training and empathy levels as perceived by their patients after clinical encounters. The authors also examined whether patient assessments were valid and reliable tools to measure empathy in physicians in training. DesignA multicentric, observational, cross-sectional study. SettingThis study was conducted in three public teaching hospitals in Brazil. ParticipantsFrom the 668 patients invited...
ObjectivesTo assess associations between smokers’ strategies to minimise how much their smoking costs and cost of smoking among smokers across three social grades during a period of annual tax increases in England. DesignRepeat cross-sectional. SettingEngland, May 2012–December 2016. Participants16 967 adult smokers in 56 monthly surveys with nationally representative samples. Measures and analysisWeighted generalised additive models assessed associations between four cost-minimising strategies...
IntroductionProximal femoral fractures (PFF) are among the most frequent fractures in older people. However, the situation of people with a PFF after hospital discharge is poorly understood. Our aim is to (1) analyse healthcare provision, (2) examine clinical and patient-reported outcomes (PROs), (3) describe clinical and sociodemographic predictors of these and (4) develop an algorithm to identify subgroups with poor outcomes and a potential need for more intensive healthcare. Methods and analysisThis...
IntroductionMoisture damage (MD) exposure at work has been shown to increase the risk of new onset asthma and exacerbation of asthma. However, most of the studies in this field have been questionnaire studies. A small proportion of MD-exposed workers are diagnosed with asthma. Many patients with MD exposure at work referred to secondary healthcare report intermittent hoarseness, loss of voice or difficulty to inhale, referring to functional or organic problems of the larynx. For accurate treatment,...
IntroductionSurvivors of critical illness frequently exhibit acute and chronic neurological complications. The underlying aetiology of this dysfunction remains unknown but may be associated with cerebral ischaemia. This study will use near-infrared spectroscopy to non-invasively quantify regional cerebral oxygenation (rSO2) to assess the association between poor rSO2 during the first 72 hours of critical illness with delirium severity, as well as long-term sensorimotor and cognitive impairment among...
IntroductionThe aged population is increasing rapidly across the world and this is expected to continue. People living in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) represent amongst the sickest and frailest cohort of the aged population, with a high prevalence of chronic conditions and complex comorbidities. Given the vulnerability of RACF residents and the demands on the system, there is a need to determine the extent that care is delivered in line with best practice (‘appropriate care’) in RACFs....
ObjectivesThis study investigated whether the attitudes of physicians towards justified and unjustified litigation, and their perception of patient pressure in demanding care, influence their use of defensive medical behaviours. DesignCross-sectional survey using exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine litigation attitude and perceived patient pressure factors. Regression analyses were used to regress these factors on to the ordering of extra tests or procedures (defensive assurance...
IntroductionHip and knee arthroplasties have revolutionised the management of degenerative joint diseases and, due to an ageing population, are becoming increasingly common. Follow-up of joint prostheses is to identify problems in symptomatic or asymptomatic patients due to infection, osteolysis, bone loss or potential periprosthetic fracture, enabling timely intervention to prevent catastrophic failure at a later date. Early revision is usually more straight-forward surgically and less traumatic...
da Silva Magalhães EI, Peixoto Lima N, Baptista Menezes AM, et al. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring body composition in adulthood: results from two birth cohort studies BMJ Open 2019;9:e023852. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023852. This article was previously published with an error. The author name ‘MariaCecília Formoso Assuncão’ should be ‘Maria Cecília Formoso Assuncão’. Author names in the to cite section have been changed to Magalhães EIS, Lima NP, Menezes AMB. Table 5 footnote,...
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