Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis Presenting Like Acute Mesenteric Ischemia

16h

via ScienceDirect Publication: The Journal of Emergency Medicine

Publication date: Available online 24 June 2019
Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine
Author(s): Qi Charles Zhang, Casey Hastings, Kelly Johnson, Ellen Slaven

Abstract

Background

Metformin-associated lactic acidosis is a rare but serious complication of taking metformin. Making the diagnosis in the emergency department requires vigilance because the presentation can mimic other diseases.

Case Report

We present a case of a patient with diabetes who presented moribund with symptoms and signs consistent with mesenteric ischemia. This diagnosis was seemingly confirmed through computed tomography, and as a result the patient was brought to surgery for emergent exploratory laparotomy. Our patient made a remarkable recovery upon initiation of hemodialysis, demonstrating the need to initiate this life-saving procedure early.

Why Should an Emergency Physician be Aware of This?

Metformin levels are rarely available in the setting of the emergency department. Clinicians must remain alert, recognize that imaging studies may be misleading, and consider hemodialysis early in addition to surgical interventions.