Clinical Characteristics and Microsurgery Treatment of Anterior Cranial Fossa Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Anterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) represent 6% of all intracranial DAVFs and have a high risk of intracranial hemorrhage. To analyze the clinical characteristics and microsurgery treatment of anterior cranial fossa DAVFs, a retrospective review of 21 patients with anterior cranial fossa DAVFs undergoing microsurgery was performed, including 8 bleeding patients and 13 non-bleeding patients. The Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores were used to evaluate the conscious states of 8 bleeding patients before and after operation. All patients had no obvious complications and the clinical symptoms were improved after operation. No abnormal fistulas and drainage veins were detected by digital subtraction angiography postoperatively. The GCS scores of 8 bleeding patients showed that the conscious states became better than pre-operation. Of the 21 patients, 9 patients were followed up without recurrence. Taken together, microsurgery is an effective method for the treatment of anterior cranial fossa DAVFs and it is very important for the improvement of bleeding patients’ conscious states. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Handong Wang, PhD, Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China; E-mail: njhdwang@hotmail.com Received 11 September, 2018 Accepted 30 April, 2019 This work was supported by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81672503 and 81702484). The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests. Supplemental digital contents are available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.jcraniofacialsurgery.com). © 2019 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.