As we age, the molecular composition of our brain changes. This is a natural process, but it can also be associated with the presence of disease. Currently, there’s no practical way to study the molecular changes within living humans, and post-mortem studies are limited in the scientific information they can provide. Now, scientists at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem have managed to use quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) to peer into the brain and evaluate its molecular composition....
Wed Sep 11, 2019 17:19
Today’s prosthetic legs come in a variety of designs, but they lack the ability to give users a natural sense of themselves. They feel simply like man-made devices strapped to the stump, as tools and not as part of the body of whoever wears them. Researchers from ETH Zurich, University of Freiburg, University of Belgrade, and the companies SensArs and Össur, have combined their expertise in a variety of topics to give existing commercial prosthetic legs a sense of touch. SensArs, a Swiss...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 18:51
Abstract In this advanced era, where we have high-speed connectivity, it is very imperative to insulate medical data from forgery and fraud. With the regular increment in the number of internet users, it is challenging to transmit the beefy medical data. This (medical data) is always reused for different diagnosis purposes, so the information of the medical images need to be protected. This paper introduces a new scheme to ensure the safety of the medical data, which includes the...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 03:00
בשנת תרפ"א פרסם ועד הלשון "לוח רצענות" ובו חלקי הנעל, סוגי נעליים, מכשירים ופעולות המשמשים את הרצענים (או הסנדלרים) – כל אלו בלוויית איורים. בחלקי הנעל המובאים להלן יש כמה מילים מוכרות: המילים שְׂרוֹךְ ועָקֵב מוכרות מן המקרא. המילה חַרְטוֹם מוכרת מלשון המשנה. מילה זו קרובה למילה חֹטֶם – אף, ומציינת את החלק הקדמי והמחודד של הפנים של בעלי החיים ועופות. בימינו המילה חרטום משמשת בעיקר לציון החלק הקדמי של כלי שיט – חרטום הספינה וכד'. באיור ניתנו שמות שונים לארבע פיסות העור העוטפות את גב הרגל: חַרְטוֹם...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 17:00
Publication date: Available online 10 September 2019Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAuthor(s): Leonard B. Kaban, David H. PerrottAbstractIn this paper, we trace the history of education and training of oral and maxillofacial surgeons as it has evolved from the mid-19th century to the present. We consider the effects of the discovery of ether anesthesia, and the separation of medicine and dentistry, as well other milestones such as antisepsis (Lister), antibiotics (Fleming) and surgical...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 19:02
Purpose: To present a previously unreported cause of bacterial endophthalmitis manifesting as delayed post-traumatic endophthalmitis ultimately responsive to total capsulectomy. Case Report: A patient presented with chronic endophthalmitis that occurred after ocular trauma with organic material and Oerskovia turbata was eventually isolated. After a prolonged treatment course, including two pars plana vitrectomies and total capsulectomy, the patient achieved 20/80 visual acuity at 1-year follow-up....
Wed Sep 11, 2019 18:06
Patients undergoing solid-organ transplantation (SOT) or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) are at increased risk for infectious complications. Community-acquired respiratory viruses (CARVs) pose a particular challenge due to the frequent exposure pre-, peri-, and posttransplantation. Although influenza A and B viruses have a top priority regarding prevention and treatment, recent molecular diagnostic tests detecting an array of other CARVs in real time have dramatically expanded...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 15:30
Σε έρευνα που δημοσιεύθηκε στο Journal of the American College of Cardiology, οι ερευνητές του Πανεπιστημίου της Βρετανικής Κολούμπια (UBC) σε συνεργασία με τη Μονάδα Θεραπευτικής Αξιολόγησης της Περιφερειακής Υπηρεσίας Υγείας διαπίστωσαν ότι οι χρήστες των αντιβιοτικών με φθοριοκινολόνη έχουν 2,4 φορές υψηλότερο κίνδυνο εμφάνισης παλινδρόμησης της αορτικής και της μιτροειδούς βαλβίδας (όπου το αίμα παλινδρομεί προς την καρδιά), συγκριτικά με τους ασθενείς που λαμβάνουν αμοξικιλλίνη, έναν διαφορετικό...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 08:00
Οι επιστήμονες από το Πανεπιστήμιο Υγείας και Επιστήμης του Όρεγκον δημιούργησαν ένα συστατικό που αναπλάθει το προστατευτικό περίβλημα των νευρώνων το οποίο φθείρεται σε σοβαρές νόσους όπως η Πολλαπλή Σκλήρυνση. Στην έρευνα που δημοσιεύθηκε στο Glia οι επιστήμονες περιγράφουν την επιτυχημένη δοκιμή του εν λόγω συστατικού σε ποντίκια, ενώ έχουν ήδη ξεκινήσει την δοκιμασία του και σε ένα σπάνιο πληθυσμό πιθήκων μακάκων στο OSHU Εθνικό Ερευνητικό Κέντρο Θηλαστικών του Όρεγκον οι οποίοι εκδηλώνουν...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 08:15
Σημαντικός παράγοντας για την ανάπτυξη σακχαρώδους διαβήτη και καρδιαγγειακών παθήσεων είναι το κοιλιακό λίπος. Σε αυτό το συμπέρασμα κατέληξε έρευνα από το Πανεπιστήμιο της Ουψάλα που δημοσιεύθηκε στο Nature Medicine. Το σπλαχνικό λίπος, το λίπος που αποθηκεύεται γύρω από τα όργανα στην κοιλιά και γύρω από το έντερο είναι γνωστό πως σχετίζεται με μεγαλύτερο κίνδυνο ανάπτυξης σακχαρώδης διαβήτη και καρδιαγγειακών παθήσεων. Οι επιστήμονες ανέπτυξαν μία μέθοδο για να μπορούν ευκολότερα να υπολογίσουν...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 08:29
Νέα έρευνα στα λιποκύτταρα που δημοσιεύθηκε στο Nature Medicine αποκαλύπτει γιατί είναι τόσο δύσκολο να παραμείνουμε αδύνατοι καθώς μεγαλώνουμε. Σύμφωνα με τους σουηδούς ερευνητές του Ινστιτούτου Καρολίνσκα της Σουηδίας οι άνθρωποι που κατανάλωναν τις ίδιες ή λίγο περισσότερες θερμίδες καθώς μεγάλωναν είχαν αύξηση του βάρους κατά 20% κατά μέσο όρο. Οι ερευνητές με επικεφαλής τον καθηγητή Peter Arner ανέλυσαν τα λιποκύτταρα από 54 άνδρες και γυναίκες για μια περίοδο δεκατριών ετών. Σύμφωνα με την...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 10:10
Με καλύτερη εγκεφαλική δομή και λειτουργία στους νέους ενήλικες σχετίζεται η καλή φυσική κατάσταση. Σε αυτό το συμπέρασμα κατέληξε μεγάλη έρευνα Γερμανών επιστημόνων που παρουσιάστηκε στο Συνέδριο ECNP στην Κοπεγχάγη με ταυτόχρονη δημοσίευση στο Scientific Reports. Η ερευνητική ομάδα χρησιμοποίησε 1206 μαγνητικές τομογραφίες (MRI) εγκεφάλου οι οποίες είχαν διενεργηθεί σε εθελοντές με μέση ηλικία τα 30 έτη. Ακολούθως οι συμμετέχοντες υποβλήθηκαν σε ορισμένες επιπλέον εξετάσεις. Στην πρώτη ζητήθηκε...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 10:10
Αρκετές έρευνες έχουν υποδείξει το πώς η ανθυγιεινή διατροφή σχετίζεται με την παχυσαρκία αλλά δεν έχουν εξετάσει πώς η δίαιτα μπορεί να επιφέρουν νευρολογικές αλλαγές στον εγκέφαλο. Μία πρόσφατη μελέτη του Πανεπιστημίου Yale που δημοσιεύθηκε στο Cell Metabolism έχει ανακαλύψει ότι οι δίαιτες που έχουν υψηλή περιεκτικότητα σε λιπαρά διαταράσσουν τον υποθάλαμο του εγκέφαλου, που ρυθμίζει το βάρος και το μεταβολισμό. Η μελέτη, με επικεφαλής τη Sabrina Diano, εξέτασε πώς η διατροφή με πολλά λιπαρά...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 17:01
Abstract Bacillus asahii strain OM18, a bacterium in relation to soil fertility, was isolated from alkaline soils under long-term organic manure application in the North China Plain. B. asahii species play a pivotal role in the promotion of both crop yield and soil fertility via accelerating carbon and phosphorus cycling. However, little is known about the characteristics of B. asahii and its underlying molecular mechanism involved in soil nutrient cycling as well as its potential...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 03:00
Massive hemoptysis is one of emergency and critical diseases of the respiratory system. The definition of massive hemoptysis has always been different in the literature, which often depends on the quantitative estimation of the amount of hemoptysis, such as the amount of hemoptysis being in the range of 300–600 mL within 24 h, or hemoptysis more than 3 times within 1 week. Each amount of hemoptysis that is greater than 100 mL can be considered as massive hemoptysis, but the amount of hemoptysis is...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 17:49
During the past three decades, the risk of dying from breast cancer in the United States has declined by nearly half, thanks to a combination of screening and early therapy as well as more treatments that are effective with fewer side effects, especially in the adjuvant setting. Therefore, it…
Tue Sep 10, 2019 03:00
CRISPR–Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats [CRISPR]–CRISPR-associated protein 9 [Cas9]) technology has been widely applied to edit the genome of mammalian cells in vitro. Although this approach shows potential clinical usefulness and clinical trials have been initiated…
Wed Sep 11, 2019 03:00
Publication date: Available online 11 September 2019Source: Seminars in OncologyAuthor(s): Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Kohzoh ImaiAbstractDeficient DNA mismatch repair causes a robust mutator phenotype known as microsatellite instability (MSI). MSI is a feature of Lynch syndrome-related cancers and is also found in approximately 15% of sporadic gastric, colorectal, and endometrial cancers. Epigenetic inactivation of the MLH1 gene is often associated with sporadic MSI cancers. Recent next-generation sequencing...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 20:28
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Wed Sep 11, 2019 06:40
Abstract The estimation of blood flow‐induced loads occurring on the artery wall is affected by uncertainties hidden in the complex interaction of the pulsatile flow, the mechanical parameters of the artery, and the external support conditions. To circumvent these difficulties, a specific tool is developed by combining the aorta displacements measured by an electrocardiogram‐gated computer tomography angiography, with the blood velocity field computed by a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 12:10
Abstract We consider a multiscale approach based on immersed methods for the efficient computational modeling of tissues composed of an elastic matrix (in two or threedimensions) and a thin vascular structure (treated as a co‐dimension two manifold) at a given pressure. We derive different variational formulations of the coupled problem, in which the effect of the vasculature can be surrogated in the elasticity equations via singular or hyper‐singular forcing terms. These terms only depend on information...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 13:53
Understanding the pathophysiology of diseases with complex genetic inheritance patterns is challenging. Macular telangiectasia type 2, which has a prevalence of 0.0045% to 0.06%, is a rare macular disease that leads to loss of central vision, with the onset of symptoms occurring in the fifth or…
Wed Sep 11, 2019 03:00
This paper describes the application of a modified digital surgical guide, an occlusal template and a pre-formed reconstruction titanium plate in the open reduction and internal fixation of a bilateral mandibular fracture. Bilateral mandibular fracture is a commonly encountered simple type of fracture. However, even for an experience surgeon, achieving precise treatment remains a challenge due to the movable temporomandibular joint, unstable fractured segments, the difficulty in forming a reconstruction...
Tue Sep 10, 2019 03:00
Background: Restoring the orbital cavity integrity in orbital floor defects is a challenging issue due to the anatomical complexity of the floor's surface. This is a showcase for technical description of a novel “in house” rapid prototyping protocol aimed to customize implant for orbital floor reconstruction. Methods: The authors present 4 cases to show our Computer-aided-design and Computer-aided-manufacturing digital workflow. The system was based on a 3D-printed press that; through a virtually...
Tue Sep 10, 2019 03:00
Background: In cleft palate, surgery is necessary for recovering important functions of the normal palate, such as speech and feeding. Herein, a three-dimensional (3D) scanning program with an intraoral scanner was used to evaluate the palate status of patients with cleft palate before palatoplasty. Further, a 3D cleft palate printed model of the patients’ palate using 3D printing technology was produced. Methods: Three patients with cleft palate were included (1 male and 2 female patients...
Tue Sep 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Background With driving while impaired by alcohol (DWI) representing a persistent burden on global health, better understanding and prevention of recidivism following a first-time DWI conviction are needed. Progress towards these goals is challenged by the marked heterogeneity in offender characteristics and a traffic safety literature that relies on subjective self-report measures and cross-sectional study designs. The present...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 03:00
This protocol provides a reliable method to establish humanized mice with both human immune system and liver cells. Dual reconstituted immunodeficient mice achieved via intrasplenic injection of human hepatocytes and CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells are susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection and recapitulate liver damage as observed in HIV-infected patients.
Wed Sep 11, 2019 19:34
This methodological paper evaluates the productivity of a social wasp colony by examining the number of meconia per 100 cells of comb, to estimate the total number of adults the wasps produced. The associated video describes how to search for Vespula wasp nests, a method developed by amateur wasp chasers.
Wed Sep 11, 2019 20:35
A step-by-step procedure is described for label-free immobilization of exosomes and extracellular vesicles from liquid samples and their imaging by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM images are used to estimate the size of the vesicles in the solution and characterize other biophysical properties.
Wed Sep 11, 2019 21:36
This article presents an experimental/analytic framework to study human postural control. The protocol provides step-by-step procedures for performing standing experiments, measuring body kinematics and kinetics signals, and analyzing the results to provide insight into the mechanisms underlying human postural control.
Wed Sep 11, 2019 22:36
A new study provides a key insight into a milestone event in the early evolution of life on Earth -- the origin of the cell nucleus and complex cells. Scientists peered deep inside current living cells, known as Archaea - the organisms that are believed to most closely resemble the ancient intermediates between bacteria and the more complex cells that we now know as eukaryotic cells.
Wed Sep 11, 2019 17:15
By looking into fossil teeth from almost 2 million years old rhinos, researchers have launched a new molecular method for studying the evolutionary history of fossil species dating back millions of years.
Wed Sep 11, 2019 21:27
Abstract Desmoid tumors (DTs) are local aggressive neoplasms, whose therapeutic approach has remained so far unsolved and in many instances controversial. Nowadays, immunotherapy appears to play a leading role in the treatment of various tumor types. Characterization of the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) and immune checkpoints can possibly help identify new immunotherapeutic targets for DTs. We performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 33 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE)...
Wed Sep 11, 2019 03:00
Through close examination of genetic variation and similarities between existing populations, and comparisons of historical data regarding infestations of Pieris rapae in Brassicaceae crops, a consortium of researchers document how humans helped the small cabbage white butterfly spread from Europe across the world. Scientists from eight institutions partnered with more than 150 volunteer citizen scientists from 32 countries to detail the pest's range and current genetic diversity.
Wed Sep 11, 2019 02:42
Ecologists demonstrate that abandoning one pollinator for another to realize immediate benefits could compromise a flower's long-term survival. The research provides novel insights into fundamental biological processes that ultimately influence food security.
Wed Sep 11, 2019 16:13
An environmental microbiologist has uncovered that nature significantly affects how the tiny organisms under our feet respond to their current surroundings.
Wed Sep 11, 2019 16:13
Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:
Δημοσίευση σχολίου