Intraoperative inspection revealed abnormal arachnoid with a pale tan complexion. Histopathologic analysis demonstrated leptomeningeal infiltration by nodular masses of epithelioid cells with melanin pigmentation. These showed strong nuclear reactivity for Sry-related HMg-Box gene 10 (SOX10). Sequencing did not reveal any clinically relevant hotspot mutations in BRAF, NRAS or KIT genes. These pathological features, together with an absence of extra-cranial disease on dermatological examination, positron...
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A 25-day-old baby girl with no significant past medical history became comatose at home and intubated in the field. Patient was born by normal vaginal delivery at full term. There was no history of trauma, maternal infectious illness or family history of aneurysms. A spinal tap revealed a bloody CSF with a protein of >500 mg/dL. Empiric antibiotic treatment was initiated. CT showed a large left frontotemporal hematoma with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) (Fig. 1).
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Right ventricular failure after left ventricular assist device implantation increases postoperative morbidity and mortality. Whether intraoperative echocardiographic and hemodynamic measurements predict right ventricular failure is unclear. Speckle-tracking-derived tricuspid annulus displacement may provide a useful, effective, and straightforward predictor of severe right ventricular failure in patients having left ventricular device implantation. The aim of this study was to determine if intraoperative...
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Mortality in acute aortic dissection varies depending on anatomic location, extent, and associated complications. The Stanford classification guides surgical versus medical management. The Penn classification stratifies mortality risk in patients with Stanford type A aortic dissections undergoing surgery. The objective of the present study was to determine whether the Penn classification can predict hospital mortality in patients with acute Stanford type A and type B aortic dissections undergoing...
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Perioperative physicians should be well versed in atrial fibrillation (AF) management because it is the most common sustained arrythmia in the United States. In this narrative review of the 2019 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiologists/Heart Rhythm Society Focused Update on Atrial Fibrillation, the authors detail the emergence of new evidence from completed studies that may affect the management of patients with AF presenting for surgery. Updates regarding non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants...
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To test the association between transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and incidence of acute kidney injury and length of hospitalization among United States adults undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
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To evaluate in vitro drug recovery in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) systems used for pediatric cardiac surgery.
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LUNG ISOLATION in pediatric patients often is challenging because of the small caliber of the airways and unavailability of lung isolation devices in appropriate sizes. Meticulous preoperative assessment of the lower airways combined with innovative application of available resources are required to meet the demands of surgery without compromising the safety of the patient. Herein, the authors share their experience in which a unique combination of 2 lung isolation techniques was used successfully...
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A 71-YEAR-OLD, 67 kg, 170 cm man presented to the authors’ institution for evaluation of atypical chest pain of 6 months duration. The patient described his chest discomfort as relatively mild. It seldomly persisted for more than a few seconds; was confined to the left chest without radiation; and was not related to activity, position, or breathing. He denied dysphagia, odynophagia, and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The patient had a history of chronic atrial fibrillation and peripheral...
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U.K. startup Kheiron Medical Technologies has raised 20 million euros in a...Read more on AuntMinnieEurope.comRelated Reading: Kheiron launches AI software for breast cancer screening Kheiron gets funding to test deep-learning mammo software Kheiron wins CE Mark for breast screening AI software
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The current minimum age for performing a breast biopsy is 25 years, but the...Read more on AuntMinnieEurope.comRelated Reading: 3D-printed breast biopsy device boosts accuracy Stereotactic breast biopsies: Room for improvement? Improving the patient experience benefits everyone
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Artificial intelligence (AI) software and simulation company Intelligent Ultrasound...Read more on AuntMinnieEurope.comRelated Reading: Intelligent Ultrasound seeks cash injection Intelligent Ultrasound partners with Welsh academy Intelligent Ultrasound posts healthy 2018 revenue MedaPhor changes name to Intelligent Ultrasound Group MedaPhor to purchase Intelligent Ultrasound
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by Diane Calello Washington, DC. Flint. Pittsburgh. Detroit. Newark. Every time you turn around, another US city develops a drinking water crisis stemming from the discovery of elevated lead levels. While the water crisis in Flint, Michigan captured national attention when it became clear that increased water lead levels were reaching the city’s children, it […] EMCrit Project by Tox & Hound.
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There is survey before the primary... EMCrit Project by Scott Weingart.
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Abstract Background Macitentan is a clinically approved endothelin receptor antagonist for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Increasing use of combination drug therapy in PAH means that it is important to recognize potential drug–drug interactions (DDIs) that could affect the efficacy and safety of macitentan in patients with PAH. Objective ...
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Abstract Background and Objective To avoid insulin-induced hypoglycemia and weight gain, the minimum dose of insulin should be used. In this study, therefore, we examined insulin dose reduction by ipragliflozin add-on therapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with long-acting basal insulin. Methods In this multicenter, open-label...
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Abstract Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), a key player in the progression of liver fibrosis, are activated by various inflammatory stimuli and converted to myofibroblast‐like cells with excessive collagen production. Despite many attempts to suppress activation of HSCs or inhibit collagen production in activated HSCs, their clinical applications have not been established yet. Recently, the deactivation of HSCs has been reported as a mechanism underlying the reversibility of experimental liver fibrosis....
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Abstract Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare liver disease with high clinical burden and significant heterogeneity in outcome. The UK‐PSC risk scores(1), based upon a national observational cohort study of >1000 patients from across the UK, provide a robust evaluation of PSC risk for individual patients based on clinical predictors of outcome.
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Abstract Bile acids (BAs) are important regulators of metabolism and energy balance, but excess BAs cause cholestatic liver injury. The histone methyltransferase, Mixed‐lineage leukemia‐4 (MLL4), is a transcriptional coactivator of the BA‐sensing nuclear receptor, Farnesoid‐X‐Receptor (FXR), and epigenetically upregulates FXR targets important for the regulation of BA levels, Small Heterodimer Partner (SHP) and Bile Salt Export Pump (BSEP). MLL4 expression is aberrantly downregulated and BA homeostasis...
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by The PLOS ONE Staff
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by Chiara Gastaldon, Franziska Mosler, Sarah Toner, Federico Tedeschi, Victoria Jane Bird, Corrado Barbui, Stefan Priebe Introduction The NICE clinical guidelines on psychosocial interventions for the treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis in adults are based on the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which may not be studies with a pragmatic design, leading to uncertainty on applicability or recommendations to everyday clinical practice. Aim To assess the level of pragmatism of the...
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by The PLOS ONE Editors
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by Javier Rodriguez-Centeno, Cristina Manguán-García, Rosario Perona, Leandro Sastre Telomeres are nucleo-protein structures that protect the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. They are not completely synthesized during DNA replication and are elongated by specific mechanisms. The structure of the telomeres and the elongation mechanism have not been determined in Dictyostelium discoideum. This organism presents extrachromosomal palindromic elements containing two copies of the rDNA, also present...
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by Stephen C. Van Hedger, Shannon L. M. Heald, Howard C. Nusbaum Absolute pitch (AP), the rare ability to name any musical note without the aid of a reference note, is thought to depend on an early critical period of development. Although recent research has shown that adults can improve AP performance in a single training session, the best learners still did not achieve note classification levels comparable to performance of a typical, “genuine” AP possessor. Here, we demonstrate that these...
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by Anna Kruyer, Lauren E. Ball, Danyelle M. Townsend, Peter W. Kalivas, Joachim D. Uys Neuronal defense against oxidative damage is mediated primarily by the glutathione redox system. Traditionally considered a mechanism to protect proteins from irreversible oxidation, mounting evidence supports a role for protein S-glutathionylation in cell signaling in response to changes in intracellular redox status. Here we determined the specific sites on the actin binding protein cofilin that undergo...
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by Oliver Ombeva Malande, James Nuttall, Vashini Pillay, Colleen Bamford, Brian Eley Introduction There are few studies describing Escherichia coli (E. coli) bloodstream infection (BSI) among children in Africa, yet E.coli is increasing in importance as a cause of antibiotic resistant infection in paediatric settings. Methods In this retrospective, descriptive study aspects of E. coli BSI epidemiology are described over a 10-year period including incidence risk, risk factors for extended-spectrum...
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by Julia Wearing, Maria Stokes, Eling D. de Bruin Objective This study aimed to explore the relationship between dependence in Activities of Daily Living and muscle strength, muscle morphology and physical function in older nursing home residents, taking possible confounders into consideration. Methods A total of 30 nursing home residents (age, 85.6±7.1 years) were included in this observational cross-sectional study. Performance of basic Activities of Daily Living (ADL) was assessed with the Resident...
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by Jose D. Santotoribio, Luis del Valle-Vazquez, Angela García-de la Torre, Daniel del Castillo-Otero, Juan-Bosco Lopez-Saez, Maria J. Sanchez del Pino Background Pleural fluid homocysteine (HCY) can be useful for diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion (MPE). There are no published studies comparing the diagnostic accuracy of HCY with other tumour markers in pleural fluid for diagnosis of MPE. The aim was to compare the accuracy of HCY with that of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen...
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by Yichen Li, Rebecca Saxe, Stefano Anzellotti Noise is a major challenge for the analysis of fMRI data in general and for connectivity analyses in particular. As researchers develop increasingly sophisticated tools to model statistical dependence between the fMRI signal in different brain regions, there is a risk that these models may increasingly capture artifactual relationships between regions, that are the result of noise. Thus, choosing optimal denoising methods is a crucial step to maximize...
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by Anil Kumar Goswami, Ramadass S., Mani Kalaivani, Baridalyne Nongkynrih, Shashi Kant, Sanjeev Kumar Gupta Disability prevents an individual from performing to the fullest potential. It is multidimensional. Disability may be physical, mental, social, personal, and environmental or a combination of these. The elderly experience an increased burden of disability, especially in areas where there are limited resources and rapid urbanization. Comparison of reported disability is difficult because...
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by Han-Wei Zhang, Chao-Wen Lin, Victor C. Kok, Chun-Hung Tseng, Yuan-Pei Lin, Tsai-Chung Li, Fung-Chang Sung, Chi Pang Wen, Chao A. Hsiung, Chung Y. Hsu This study aimed to investigate whether long-term exposure to airborne hydrocarbons, including volatile organic compounds, increases the risk of developing retinal vein occlusion (RVO) among the population of Taiwan. A retrospective cohort study involving 855,297 people was conducted. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis fitted the multiple...
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by Bryan Saunders, Tiemi Saito, Rafael Klosterhoff, Luana Farias de Oliveira, Gabriel Barreto, Pedro Perim, Ana Jéssica Pinto, Fernanda Lima, Ana Lucia de Sá Pinto, Bruno Gualano This study investigated the effect of open-placebo on cycling time-trial (TT) performance. Twenty-eight trained female cyclists completed a 1-km cycling TT following a control session or an open-placebo intervention. The intervention consisted of an individual presentation, provided by a medic, in which the concept...
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by Peter Sivey, Richard McAllister, Hassan Vally, Anna Burgess, Anne-Maree Kelly Objective An infectious disease outbreak such as the 2009 influenza pandemic is an unexpected demand shock to hospital emergency departments (EDs). We analysed changes in key performance metrics in (EDs) in Victoria during this pandemic to assess the impact of this demand shock. Design and setting Descriptive time-series analysis and longitudinal regression analysis of data from the Victorian Emergency Minimum Dataset...
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by Karolina Świder, Przemysław Bąbel, Eligiusz Wronka, Clementina M. van Rijn, Joukje M. Oosterman The role of state anxiety and state fear in placebo effects is still to be determined. We aimed to investigate the effect of fear of movement-related pain (FMRP) and contextual pain related anxiety (CPRA) on the magnitude of placebo analgesia induced by verbal suggestion. Fifty-six female participants completed a modified voluntary joystick movement paradigm (VJMP) where half participated in a...
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by Chu-Chang Ku, Peter J. Dodd Background Tuberculosis (TB) disease reactivates from distant latent infection or recent (re)infection. Progression risks increase with age. Across the World Health Organisation Western Pacific region, many populations are ageing and have the highest per capita TB incidence rates in older age groups. However, methods for analysing age-specific TB incidence and forecasting epidemic trends while accounting for demographic change remain limited. Methods We applied the...
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by Céline Richomme, Aurélie Courcoul, Jean-Louis Moyen, Édouard Reveillaud, Oscar Maestrini, Krystel de Cruz, Antoine Drapeau, Maria Laura Boschiroli The Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa) is increasingly considered as a relevant actor in the epidemiology of animal tuberculosis (TB). Therefore, monitoring TB in this species is key when establishing comprehensive control schemes for this disease still present in Europe. No data are available on direct and indirect TB diagnostic methods in wild boars...
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by Mu-Hong Wei, Xian-Zhen Chen, Xing-Xin Zhan, Zhi-Xia Zhang, Shao-Jing Yu, Wei-Rong Yan Background The performance of primary health care providers regarding DM management is poor in rural China, and effective training methods for providers are urgently needed. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of web-based training for improving knowledge about DM management among primary health care providers in rural China and to further compare the effects of the training effect between primary health...
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by Maria H. Kim, Alick C. Mazenga, Xiaoying Yu, Katie Simon, Phoebe Nyasulu, Peter N. Kazembe, Thokozani Kalua, Elaine Abrams, Saeed Ahmed Context High rates of burnout have been reported in low and medium income countries and can detrimentally impact healthcare delivery. Understanding factors associated with burnout amongst health care workers providing HIV care may help develop interventions to prevent/treat burnout. Objectives We sought to understand factors associated with burnout amongst health...
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by Jui-Ju Hsiao, Yi-Jen Huang, Hung-Ing Chen, Joe-Air Jiang, Jen-Cheng Wang, Ya-Fen Wu, Tzer-En Nee The intensive measures of luminescence in a GaN/InGaN multiple quantum well system are used to examine the thermodynamics and phenomenological structure. The radiative /nonradiative transitions along with absorbed or emitted phonons that occur between the different quantum states of the electrons and holes associated with these processes make the quantum efficiency of a semiconductor nanosystem...
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