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Δευτέρα 2 Σεπτεμβρίου 2019

Leukaemic stem cells go under the radar 
Lucy Bird 
p533 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0204-x Leukaemia stem cells seem to evade immune surveillance by repressing the expression of stress-induced activating natural killer (NK) cell ligands. Overriding this repression with inhibitors renders them amenable to control by NK cells and prevents leukaemogenesis. 
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Stress response to innate immune signalosomes 
Kirsty Minton 
pp534 - 535 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0201-0 Cytosolic protein oligomers formed by certain innate immune receptors and their adaptor proteins trigger the integrated stress response pathway, which regulates the stability of these signalosomes as well as downstream inflammatory responses. 
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Old plasma cell network supports the myeloid lineage 
Yvonne Bordon 
pp534 - 535 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0205-9 Plasma cells promote increased myelopoiesis in the bone marrow of older mice. 
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CAR Ts BiTE in brain 
Alexandra Flemming 
p535 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0211-y Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells that secrete bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs) show promise for the treatment of glioblastoma in mouse models. 
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MS signature TH cell subset 
Lucy Bird 
pp536 - 537 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0206-8 Researchers have identified a subset of T helper cells that is found predominantly in individuals with multiple sclerosis. The subset is defined by expression of GM-CSF and CXCR4 and may be important in disease pathology. 
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Nervous anticipation 
Kirsty Minton 
pp536 - 537 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0208-6 Stimulation of cutaneous TRPV1+ neurons is sufficient to induce a type 17 inflammatory response that spreads to surrounding skin areas to provide ‘anticipatory’ host defence against fungal infection. 
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Bacterial metabolites shape neonatal immune system 
Yvonne Bordon 
p537 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0207-7 Metabolites associated with the maternal or neonatal microbiota can shape regulatory T cell development in early life, thereby affecting the susceptibility of infants to allergy. 
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REVIEWS

How macrophages deal with death    
Greg Lemke 
pp539 - 549 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0167-y In this Review, Greg Lemke explains how macrophages are able to sense and respond to dead and dying cells. The author discusses the physiological implications of such macrophage activity. 
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Moving tuberculosis vaccines from theory to practice    
Peter Andersen & Thomas J. Scriba 
pp550 - 562 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0174-z Vaccine trials against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are showing encouraging results. This Review discusses current Mtb vaccine design in the light of new insights into the immunology of tuberculosis infection. 
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Can physical activity ameliorate immunosenescence and thereby reduce age-related multi-morbidity?    
Niharika A. Duggal, Grace Niemiro, Stephen D. R. Harridge, Richard J. Simpson & Janet M. Lord 
pp563 - 572 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0177-9 Exercise is known to have beneficial effects on the immune system. In this Review, Janet Lord and colleagues discuss the evidence that exercise can prevent diseases associated with ageing by protecting against immunosenescence. 
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Mechanisms underlying T cell ageing    
Jörg J. Goronzy & Cornelia M. Weyand 
pp573 - 583 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0180-1 This Review describes how the body attempts to maintain a functional T cell compartment with advancing age. It explores whether T cell ageing reflects cellular senescence or the failure to maintain quiescence and instead undergo differentiation. 
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Regulation of immune responses by tuft cells    
Christoph Schneider, Claire E. O’Leary & Richard M. Locksley
pp584 - 593 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0176-x Tuft cells captured the attention of immunologists with recent discoveries linking them to type 2 immunity in the small intestine. As described here, these rare secretory epithelial cells act as chemosensory sentinels that detect and relay responses through immune and neuronal cells. 
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