Leukaemic stem cells go under the radar  Lucy Bird p533 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0204-x Leukaemia stem cells seem to evade immune surveillance by repressing the expression of stress-induced activating natural killer (NK) cell ligands. Overriding this repression with inhibitors renders them amenable to control by NK cells and prevents leukaemogenesis.  PDF  Stress response to innate immune signalosomes  Kirsty Minton pp534 - 535 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0201-0 Cytosolic protein oligomers formed by certain innate immune receptors and their adaptor proteins trigger the integrated stress response pathway, which regulates the stability of these signalosomes as well as downstream inflammatory responses.  PDF  Old plasma cell network supports the myeloid lineage  Yvonne Bordon pp534 - 535 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0205-9 Plasma cells promote increased myelopoiesis in the bone marrow of older mice.  PDF  CAR Ts BiTE in brain  Alexandra Flemming p535 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0211-y Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells that secrete bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs) show promise for the treatment of glioblastoma in mouse models.  PDF  MS signature TH cell subset  Lucy Bird pp536 - 537 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0206-8 Researchers have identified a subset of T helper cells that is found predominantly in individuals with multiple sclerosis. The subset is defined by expression of GM-CSF and CXCR4 and may be important in disease pathology.  PDF  Nervous anticipation  Kirsty Minton pp536 - 537 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0208-6 Stimulation of cutaneous TRPV1+ neurons is sufficient to induce a type 17 inflammatory response that spreads to surrounding skin areas to provide ‘anticipatory’ host defence against fungal infection.  PDF  Bacterial metabolites shape neonatal immune system  Yvonne Bordon p537 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0207-7 Metabolites associated with the maternal or neonatal microbiota can shape regulatory T cell development in early life, thereby affecting the susceptibility of infants to allergy.  PDF
REVIEWS
How macrophages deal with death     Greg Lemke pp539 - 549 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0167-y In this Review, Greg Lemke explains how macrophages are able to sense and respond to dead and dying cells. The author discusses the physiological implications of such macrophage activity.  Full Text | PDF
Moving tuberculosis vaccines from theory to practice     Peter Andersen & Thomas J. Scriba pp550 - 562 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0174-z Vaccine trials against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are showing encouraging results. This Review discusses current Mtb vaccine design in the light of new insights into the immunology of tuberculosis infection.  Full Text | PDF
Can physical activity ameliorate immunosenescence and thereby reduce age-related multi-morbidity?     Niharika A. Duggal, Grace Niemiro, Stephen D. R. Harridge, Richard J. Simpson & Janet M. Lord pp563 - 572 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0177-9 Exercise is known to have beneficial effects on the immune system. In this Review, Janet Lord and colleagues discuss the evidence that exercise can prevent diseases associated with ageing by protecting against immunosenescence.  Full Text | PDF
Mechanisms underlying T cell ageing     Jörg J. Goronzy & Cornelia M. Weyand pp573 - 583 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0180-1 This Review describes how the body attempts to maintain a functional T cell compartment with advancing age. It explores whether T cell ageing reflects cellular senescence or the failure to maintain quiescence and instead undergo differentiation.  Full Text | PDF
Regulation of immune responses by tuft cells     Christoph Schneider, Claire E. O’Leary & Richard M. Locksley pp584 - 593 | doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0176-x Tuft cells captured the attention of immunologists with recent discoveries linking them to type 2 immunity in the small intestine. As described here, these rare secretory epithelial cells act as chemosensory sentinels that detect and relay responses through immune and neuronal cells.  Full Text | PDF