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Πέμπτη 4 Ιουλίου 2019


Responsiveness and interpretability of the Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI)
Abstract Background The Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI) is used to measure severity of hand eczema. It is unclear what HECSI scores mean and what is the minimally important change (MIC). Furthermore, responsiveness has not been studied. Objectives To study responsiveness and interpretability of the HECSI. Methods Prospective study covering two time points; baseline and after 4‐12 weeks. Responsiveness was assessed using a criterion approach with a ≥ 1 step improvement on the ‘Photographic...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 16:38
Increasing severity of atopic dermatitis is associated with a negative impact on work productivity among adults with atopic dermatitis in France, Germany, the UK and the US
Abstract Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with high disease burden, with a significant physical and social impact. However, the association between disease severity and burden of disease, with work productivity and daily activities being one aspect, has not been well characterized. Objectives To investigate the impact of disease severity on work productivity and daily activities among adults with AD in Europe (France, Germany and the UK) and the US. Methods The survey...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 16:32
Pediatric lichen sclerosus: A systematic review of 4516 cases
Abstract Lichen sclerosus (LS) represents a chronic autoinflammatory disease of unknown etiology and is not rarely encountered in pediatric dermatology centers. Recent surveys have highlighted the lack of confidence of physicians in addressing LS in the pediatric age group. We performed a systematic analysis of the PubMed and Embase databases using the terms ‘lichen sclerosus', ‘lichen sclerosis', ‘kraurosis vulvae', and ‘balanitis xerotica obliterans' in combination with ‘child', ‘children', ‘childhood',...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 16:32
Clinical characteristics of primary cutaneous lymphoma: two centers analysis in China
Abstract primary cutaneous lymphoma (PCL) is a rare kind of cutaneous non‐Hodgkin lymphoma and can be divided into cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) and cutaneous B cell lymphoma (CBCL) with no evidence of extra‐cutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 16:28
BJD: onwards and upwards
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
化脓性汗腺炎对工作损失、间接成本和收入的影响
Summary 化脓性汗腺炎 (HS) 是一种罕见的、长期的皮肤疾病,它能导致痛苦的皮下肿块。HS 影响本研究所在地美国的 0.1% 到 4% 的人口,并且这些症状可能会干扰日常生活和工作能力。HS 通常开始于青春期到 40 岁之间,所以很多患有 HS 的人正处于工作的黄金时期。本研究旨在了解患有 HS 的人和未患有 HS 的人相比,他们的工作生活受到了怎样的影响。作者使用保险索赔数据库寻找 18 到 64 岁之间患有 HS 和未患有 HS (对照)的雇员。研究人员发现,与没有 HS 的人相比,有 HS 的人年收入更低,缺勤天数更多,并且缺勤天数和残疾相关的成本更高。此外,新诊断出 HS 的人比未诊断出 HS 的人收入增长更慢,更有可能在确诊后 5 年内离职。综上所述,HS 会对一个人的工作生活和收入产生负面影响,这表明需要更好的治疗来帮助控制疾病症状,改善 HS 患者的生活。
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Diagnostic immunological methods in oral mucosal diseases
Summary Pemphigus and pemphigoid are rare, debilitating disorders that cause painful blisters of the skin and/or mucous membranes, including inside the mouth and nose. They are autoimmune diseases, which means that the body's immune system produces proteins called autoantibodies that wrongly target normal parts of the body. There are several different types of both diseases and among them, pemphigus vulgaris, paraneoplastic pemphigus, mucous membrane pemphigoid, linear IgA disease and lichen planus...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Impact of HS on work loss, indirect costs and income
Summary Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a rare, long‐term skin disease that causes painful lumps under the skin. HS affects between 0.1% and 4% of the population of the U.S., where this study took place, and the symptoms can interfere with daily life and ability to work. HS often begins between puberty and the age of 40, so many people with HS are in their prime working years. This study aimed to find out how the work life of people with HS was impacted compared to similar people without HS. The...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
利用一个位置扫描合成肽组合文库识别抑制黑色素合成的 小肽和甘氨酸胺
Summary 黑色素是皮肤的自然颜色(或色素),可能会因为老化、激素、暴露在阳光下的紫外线、受伤、烧伤、痤疮或过敏引起的炎症而增加。色素沉着障碍(例如色素沉着)可导致不规则的暗斑皮肤,虽然这些疾病通常不会对身体造成伤害,但它们可导致严重的情绪困扰。多肽作为活性成分被越来越多地应用于护肤品中,并且抗黑素肽在治疗色素沉着方面具有潜在的应用价值。α‐黑素细胞刺激激素 (α‐ MSH) 是一种肽,它能够通过一系列复杂的事件,参与合成或产生黑色素。这项研究的作者旨在确定某些可以抑制这种由 α‐MSH 触发的黑色素合成的肽。如果能够找到这些肽,那么它就能阻止导致色素沉着等疾病中色素生成的生物事件级联。特别是,甘氨酸胺被发现能够抑制黑色素合成。作者目前正在进行这些肽的安全性和有效性的临床试验,并期望在治疗皮肤色素沉着方面取得突破。
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
在一组西班牙黑色素瘤家族中,与黑色素瘤易感性有关的是 POT1 生殖系突变而非 TERT 启动子突变
Summary 黑色素瘤是一种侵袭性皮肤癌。全世界每年有超过 250,000 例新确诊病例。如果在早期诊断,黑色素瘤可以通过相对简单的手术治愈。在全球范围内,20% 的黑色素瘤患者将会死亡,但当被诊断为厚(更晚期/晚期)肿瘤时,死亡的可能性将增加高达 60%。提高生存率的最佳策略是提早诊断。识别处于危险中的人至关重要。大约 10% 的病例发生在家族环境中。这意味着这些个体有遗传性黑色素瘤的风险,而这可以通过特定基因的改变(突变)来解释。在一个已知突变的家族中,携带该突变的健康个体可以被纳入早期检测计划,从而能够在早期诊断出黑色素瘤。但是,在超过 70% 的家族中,造成这种风险的基因仍然未知。这项来自西班牙的研究旨在评估西班牙没有已知突变基因的、黑色素瘤易发家族中两个基因(POT1 和 TERT)突变的患病率。作者对 228 个家族的两种基因进行了测序(一种研究方法)。他们发现,在接受评估的家族中,有近 2% 发生了突变。他们还在两个家族中发现了两名同样患有甲状腺恶性肿瘤的患者。如果在其他研究中得到证实,那么这个基因突变的黑色素瘤易发家族也将受益于甲状腺肿瘤的早期诊断。TERT 启动子中未识别出突变,这表明该基因在西班牙家族性黑色素瘤易感性中不发挥重要作用。
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
BAD guidelines for SJS/TEN in children and young people, 2018
Summary Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are urgent, serious immune reactions in which there is skin loss and severe ulcers in the mouth, eyes and genital areas. It affects about 5‐6 people per million under 18 years of age in the U.K. each year. It has a mortality of (causes death in) 5‐10% and re‐occurs in up to 18% of survivors. The British Association of Dermatologists led a group of relevant experts to examine the evidence in developing guidelines to aid diagnosis...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
基于表型方法的红斑痤疮干预:包括 GRADE 评估在内的 最新系统综述
红斑痤疮是一种常见的慢性皮肤疾病,可导致面部发红、红肿、红丘疹和脓疱。全球大约 1‐20% 的人口受此病困扰。红斑痤疮还可能引起眼睛/眼睑发炎(眼部红斑痤疮)和皮肤增厚,尤其是鼻子(鼻赘)。虽然红斑痤疮的病因尚不清楚,但这种令人苦恼的疾病已有治疗方法。来自荷兰、英国和加拿大的这篇综述旨在找出对红斑痤疮有效的治疗方法。作者收集了 152 项研究的数据。为了减少红肿,溴莫尼定和羟甲唑啉在使用后的 3 ‐ 12 小时内开始发挥作用。对于通过局部(应用于皮肤)治疗来减少丘疹和脓疱,壬二酸、伊维菌素和甲硝唑是有效和安全的。伊维菌素的疗效略高于甲硝唑。二甲胺四环素泡沫也显示出能够大量减少丘疹和脓疱。口服(用口服用)抗生素、四环素、强力霉素 40 毫克或米诺环素 45 毫克可减少丘疹和脓疱的数量。多西环素 40 毫克可能和 100 毫克一样有效,副作用(比如腹泻和恶心)更少。口服米诺环素 100 毫克与强力霉素 40 毫克效果相同。阿奇霉素可能与 100 毫克强力霉素一样有效。异维甲酸 0.25 毫克/千克可减少 90% 的丘疹和脓疱,提高患者的生活质量和满意度。异维甲酸 0.3 毫克/千克似乎比 50‐100...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
POT1 and TERT promoter molecular screening in Spanish melanoma families
Summary Melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer. Each year more than 250,000 new cases are diagnosed worldwide. If diagnosed at early stages, melanoma can be cured with relatively simple surgery. Globally, 20% of melanoma patients will die, but when diagnosed with thick (more advanced / later stage) tumours, the probability of dying increases by up to 60%. The best strategy to improve survival is with early diagnosis. The identification of people at risk is essential. Around 10% of cases occur...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Antimelanogenic peptides
Summary Melanin is the skin's natural colour, or pigment, and can be increased by aging, hormones, exposure to UV from sunlight, and inflammation caused by injury, burns, acne or allergies. Pigmentation disorders, such as hyperpigmentation, can cause irregular patches of darker skin, and although these disorders are not generally physically harmful, they can cause serious emotional distress. Peptides are increasingly being used in skincare products as active ingredients and antimelanogenic (anti...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
口腔粘膜疾病的免疫学诊断方法
Summary 天疱疮和类天疱疮是耗弱性疾病,会导致皮肤和/或粘膜(包括嘴鼻内部)产生疼痛性的水疱。它们是自身免疫性疾病,这意味着身体的免疫系统会产生一种叫做自身抗体的蛋白质,而这种蛋白质会错误地瞄准身体的正常部位。这两种疾病都有不同的类型,其中寻常天疱疮、副肿瘤性天疱疮、粘膜类天疱疮、线状 IgA 病、扁平苔藓类天疱疮是涉及口腔粘膜(口腔内皮肤)的常见疾病。这些疾病影响人们的生活质量,甚至可能威胁生命。有时症状与口腔扁平苔藓、盘状红斑狼疮等其他疾病相似,可采用多种方法进行诊断。这些包括直接和间接免疫荧光、盐分离皮肤检测、生化试验(酶联免疫吸附测定法、免疫印迹和免疫沉淀),以及一种被称为蛋白质微阵列的新兴技术。来自中国的作者们对以上几种诊断自身免疫性水泡病、口腔扁平苔藓和累及口腔粘膜的盘状红斑狼疮的方法进行了综述和比较。值得注意的是,这些免疫技术不仅有助于诊断,但也可以用于识别血液中的疾病相关目标抗原和自身抗体,用于研究其与疾病发展的相关性、临床表现(症状)、疾病的严重程度、伴随疾病(其他同时发生的疾病)以及对治疗和预后的影响。上述方法有利于研究,并且有助于临床医生制定个体化治疗方案,评估患者预后。
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Anatomical site differences of SLS‐induced ICD
Summary Sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) is a chemical used to induce skin irritation that mimics irritant contact dermatitis (ICD). ICD is a condition where direct contact with certain substances causes rash, redness, blistering, itching, dryness and cracking of the exposed skin. It is a common occupational disease and accounts for 4‐7% of all dermatological consultations in U.K. This SLS induced irritation is often used to test the effectiveness of different treatments that could be used to alleviate...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Evidence‐based treatments for rosacea based on phenotype approach
Summary Rosacea is a common, chronic skin condition causing flushing, redness, red pimples and pus‐filled spots (pustules) on the face. It affects about 1‐20% of people worldwide. Rosacea can also cause inflammation of the eyes/eyelids (ocular rosacea) and thickening of the skin, especially the nose (rhinophyma). Although the cause of rosacea is unclear, treatments are available for this distressing disease. This review from the Netherlands, U.K. and Canada aimed to find out which treatments are...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
2018 年英国皮肤科医师协会关于儿童和青少年史蒂文斯‐约翰逊综合征/中毒性表皮坏死松解症治疗指南
Summary 斯蒂文斯‐约翰逊综合征 (SJS) 和中毒性表皮坏死松解症 (TEN) 是一种紧迫的、严重的免疫反应,它们可能会引起口腔、眼睛和生殖器部位的皮肤脱落和严重溃疡。在英国,每年每 1 百万 18 岁以下的人群中就有 5‐6 人受到这种疾病的影响。它的死亡率(导致死亡的)为 5‐10%,而幸存者中的复发率高达 18%。 英国皮肤科医师协会领导了一组相关专家,在制定帮助儿童和年轻人诊断和管理 SJS/TEN 的指南的过程中,对这些证据进行了研究。就像许多罕见的情况一样,很少有对比两种治疗方法的高质量的试验。大多数证据来自医学文献(即医学期刊)中报道的患者实例。 本研究揭示了儿童和成人在 SJS/TEN 的病因和转归方面的一些重要差异。感染在儿童和年轻人中是一个更常见的原因,而药物治疗可能是所有年龄段的原因。儿童死于 SJS/TEN 的可能性比成人小。预防长期并发症至关重要。 早期阶段的管理应确保识别病因,停止可能是病因的任何可能的药物治疗,并考虑感染作为触发因素。改善转归的最佳证据是在适当的临床环境中提供的良好支持性护理。这需要入住有皮肤脱落管理经验的适当专科病房,以及一个能够处理所有潜在临床并发症的医院专家团队。...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
News and Notices
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
The socioeconomic burden of hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Targeting melanocortin receptor type 1 with small peptides
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Bioenergetic cellular index: a clinical biomarker to identify metabolic adaption in melanoma?
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
New evidence but still unmet medical needs in rosacea treatment
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
How different is Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in children?
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Time to get rid of the Investigator's Global Assessment as the primary outcome for clinical trials in atopic dermatitis?
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Primary care and actinic keratosis
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Talimogene laherparepvec monotherapy, an elegant alternative to systemic immunotherapy for the treatment of early metastatic melanoma
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Melanoma and skin cancers in airline pilots and cabin crew
Summary Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from the sun is a major cause of skin cancer, including melanoma which is the most deadly form of the disease. As part of their jobs, airline pilots and cabin crews are exposed to cosmic radiation, and airline pilots may receive UVR on the flight deck, potentially resulting in skin cancer. The authors, based in Australia and the U.K, therefore systematically reviewed all relevant studies to find out risk of, and mortality (death) from, melanoma and other skin...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
POT1 pathogenic variants: not all telomere pathway genes are equal in risk of hereditary cutaneous melanoma
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Diagnostic accuracy of dermatoscopic image retrieval
Summary A neural network is a computer system modelled on the human brain. Neural networks can learn to detect visual elements such as colours, shapes and edges by themselves, and as such they have shown great improvements in automated classification and diagnosis of skin tumours. Unfortunately, in the most common format, they only provide final probability values as, for example “5% melanoma, 60% nevus, 25% seborrheic keratosis”. Although experimental results have shown networks to be fairly accurate,...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
International and multidisciplinary scientific collaborations and networks are advancing knowledge about Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Prognostic metabolic markers in cutaneous melanoma
Summary Melanoma is the most aggressive skin tumour, being the leading cause of death from skin cancer. Its incidence has increased more rapidly than for any of the top 10 cancers. A low percentage of patients with metastasis (meaning it has spread to other parts of the body) survive over one year after diagnosis, due to the lack of efficient therapy. Not all melanomas are the same, they can vary in how aggressive they are (how quickly they develop and potentially spread) and in their appearance....
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Immunological diagnostic methods in oral mucosal diseases
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
飞行员和空乘人员的黑色素瘤和皮肤癌
Summary 来自太阳的紫外线辐射 (UVR) 是皮肤癌的主要原因,其中包括最致命的一种疾病——黑色素瘤。作为其工作的一部分,飞行员和空乘人员会暴露在宇宙辐射中,而且飞行员可能在驾驶舱接受紫外线辐射,可能导致皮肤癌。作者分别来自澳大利亚和英国,因此,他们系统地回顾了所有相关研究,以找出飞行员和空乘人员患黑色素瘤和其他皮肤癌的风险和死亡率。在确定的 12 项研究中,大多数是在 20 世纪 70 年代至 90 年代在欧洲或北美进行的研究。他们发现,黑素瘤和其他皮肤癌在飞行员和空乘人员中的发病率大约是普通人群的两倍。飞行员黑色素瘤的死亡率也翻了一番,但机组人员没有。来自太阳的紫外线 B 辐射是导致黑色素瘤和其他皮肤癌的主要原因,但在现代航空公司的客舱和驾驶舱中,紫外线 B 辐射无法检测到或未增加超过地面水平的值。此外,飞行员和空乘人员的职业宇宙辐射水平也被评估为无害。然而,不能排除航空公司飞行员和空乘人员在休闲活动时暴露在阳光下的时间(即不工作时暴露在阳光下的时间)过多的可能性,特别是在反映过去几十年暴露在阳光下模式的现有的已发表的研究中。作者的结论是,飞行员和空乘人员患黑色素瘤和其他皮肤癌的高风险不能明确归因于职业(工作相关)因素。他们呼吁对这个话题进行最新研究。
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Anatomical location differences in sodium lauryl sulfate‐induced irritation
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
基于内容的具有深度分类特征的皮肤镜图像检索诊断准确率
Summary 神经网络是以人脑为模型的计算机系统。神经网络可以学会自己检测颜色、形状和边缘等视觉元素,因此,它们在皮肤肿瘤的自动分类和诊断方面显示出了巨大的进步。不幸的是,在最常见的格式中,它们只提供最终的概率值,例如“5% 黑色素瘤、60% 痣、25% 脂溢性角化病”。虽然实验结果表明网络是相当准确的,但用户很难洞察预测,以及如何将预测与自己的决策过程相结合。让神经网络变得“可解释”的一个选项是让它在数据库中搜索并呈现类似的图像,就像在书上查找类似的病例一样——只是这样会更快、更全面。这也有一个好处,即当图像看起来与搜索到的皮肤病变没有任何相似之处时,用户立即知道不要相信这种情况下的自动分析。作者在本研究中表明,如果一个网络提供类似的图像,这些图像可以传达与传统的“5% 黑色素瘤、60% 痣、25% 脂溢性角化病”输出相同的准确性。他们进一步发现,只需搜索最多 16 幅相似的图像就足以提供这些信息。这项研究表明,简单地搜索相似的图像可以利用神经网络的预测能力,同时变得可以被最终用户理解。
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Excimer laser in vitiligo: where there is light, there is hope
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
代谢表型标志物对人类皮肤黑色素瘤预后的影响
Summary 黑色素瘤是最具侵袭性的皮肤肿瘤,是皮肤癌致死的主要原因。其发病率的增长速度比排名前十的任何一种癌症都要快。由于缺乏有效的疗法,很少有转移患者(这意味着癌症已经扩散到身体的其他部位)在确诊后存活超过一年。并不是所有的黑色素瘤都是一样的,它们在侵袭性(发展和潜在传播的速度)和外观上各不相同。本研究的作者来自西班牙,他们研究了具有不同侵袭性特征的培养黑色素瘤细胞(在实验室的样本中生长)和患有不同类型黑色素瘤病变的患者。他们的目的是在黑色素瘤中发现可以预测疾病发展的代谢标志物。细胞代谢是生物体为了维持生命而发生的一系列化学反应。现在已经知道,癌细胞的新陈代谢不同于正常细胞,因为它们生长和分裂迅速,需要高能量供应。在这种情况下,作者发现与能量产生相关的蛋白质(酶)发生了变化。这些蛋白质包括:ATP合酶(β‐F1‐ATPase)、热休克蛋白60 (HSP60)、糖酵解甘油醛‐3‐磷酸脱氢酶 (GAPDH) 以及丙酮酸激酶M2 (PKM2)。这些蛋白质能提供癌症的生物能量学特征(BEC 指数=β‐F1‐ATPase/HSP60/GAPDH 比率)。BEC 指数的降低与培养的黑色素瘤细胞和肿瘤的侵袭性以及黑色素瘤患者整体存活率的下降有关。作者得出结论,认为代谢酶水平和...
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17
Image Gallery: Super‐high magnification dermoscopy can identify pigmented cells: correlation with reflectance confocal microscopy
British Journal of Dermatology
Mon Jul 01, 2019 15:17

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