Background Endonasal access to the inferomedial and inferolateral intraconal space via the orbital floor has not been reported. The primary purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of accessing the inferior intraconal space through the orbital floor via a transnasal prelacrimal approach. Secondarily, it aims to highlight anatomical relationships of neurovascular structures in this space, as a requirement to prevent complications. Methods Six cadaveric heads (12 sides) were dissected...
Mon Jul 01, 2019 12:43
Background Nasal irrigation is an important component of medical management in chronic rhinosinusitis. Nasal irrigations facilitate topical medication of therapies and lavage of mucin. In this study we aim to compare the influence of increasing surgical sphenoid openings on the distribution, force, and clearance of nasal irrigations. Methods A study was performed on fresh‐frozen adult cadaver heads. The surgical ostium was modified on one side via a simple sphenoidotomy, a sphenoid sinusectomy...
Mon Jul 01, 2019 13:31
Nasal polyps were associated with increased risks of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus or nasopharyngeal cancers, particularly among older adults.
Wed Jul 03, 2019 03:00
Gene content features related to microbiome butyrate production were identified prior to the development of allergic disease. Early life metabolite therapy may be an effective strategy to prevent the development of atopy.
Wed Jul 03, 2019 03:00
e-MDSCs, defined as Linneg (CD3/CD14/CD15/CD19/CD56) HLA-DRneg CD33pos, have a phenotype that overlaps with basophils. For a proper quantification of e-MDSCs by flow cytometry, the gating strategy should specifically exclude basophils.
Wed Jul 03, 2019 03:00
MC functions require chemotactic migration to sites of inflammation followed by degranulation. Migrating MCs do not secrete. Here we identified the actin binding protein mDia1 as a novel coordinator of MC migration and degranulation.
Wed Jul 03, 2019 03:00
Within asthmatic patients, there are clear differences between type-2 inflammation (i.e. T2-High and T2-Low) and atopy status in fungal diversity, key enriched genera, and in associations with prominent bacterial genera.
Wed Jul 03, 2019 03:00
Among U.S. academic allergists in 2014 (n=507; 36.3% female), 126 (83%) of full professors were male. After accounting for factors that influence promotion, men and women were similarly likely to be full professor (absolute adjusted difference for female vs male allergists, 6.0%; 95% confidence interval: -8.3%, 20.2%).
Wed Jul 03, 2019 03:00
In regards to the editorial in the January 2019 issue, “New delivery forms of nasal corticosteroids” (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019;143:87-88), the authors report that a mistake was made in Table I. The correct values for “Loss of smell” for EDS-FLU 186 μg BID (372 μg daily) should be −0.16 and not −0.22 and for “Facial pain” for EDS-FLU 186 μg BID (372 μg daily) −0.35 and not −0.16. The corrected values are shown in boldface in the table below.
Mon Jul 01, 2019 03:00
Asthma is a highly heterogeneous disease, often manifesting with wheeze, dyspnea, chest tightness, and cough as prominent symptoms. The eliciting factors, natural history, underlying molecular biology, and clinical management of asthma vary highly among affected subjects. Because of this variation, many efforts have gone into subtyping asthma. Endotypes are subtypes of disease based on distinct pathophysiologic mechanisms. Endotypes can be clinically useful because they organize our mechanistic understanding...
Mon Jul 01, 2019 03:00
The following offer AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™ and meet the ABAI requirements for MOC:
Mon Jul 01, 2019 03:00
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that is challenging to dissect into subgroups because of the heterogeneity present across the spectrum of the disease. Efforts to subclassify asthma using advanced computational methods have identified a number of different phenotypes that suggest that multiple pathobiologically driven clusters of disease exist. The main phenotypes that have been identified include (1) early-onset allergic asthma, (2) early-onset allergic moderate-to-severe...
Mon Jul 01, 2019 03:00
The immune responses underlying viral and nonviral asthma exacerbations have been more deeply solved though systems-scale transcriptional network analyses of nasal and blood samples obtained from children with virus-triggered asthma by Altman et al (Nat Immunol 201;20:637-51; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-019-0347-8). Both viral and nonviral exacerbations exhibited activation of a core set of transcriptional programs, including epithelium-associated SMAD3 signaling, epidermal growth factor receptor...
Mon Jul 01, 2019 03:00
Cat allergy affects 10% of the Western population. Because safe and efficient treatment options for patients are currently limited, the authors investigated the novel idea of decreasing the allergenicity of the cat by means of vaccination. In this issue, Thoms et al (p 193) have taken the first steps in development of a new approach to cat allergy. The authors reported the following:
Mon Jul 01, 2019 03:00
Are you looking for food allergy education to deepen your understanding of this disease while getting practical information you can use in a clinical setting? Food Allergy: From Primary Prevention to Treatment and Intervention was created for just that purpose.
Mon Jul 01, 2019 03:00
Four patients with novel variants in the C-terminal domain of CDC42, severe autoinflammation, constitutive elevation of serum interleukin 18, and predisposition to macrophage activation syndrome respond to treatment with interleukin-1β signaling inhibition.
Mon Jul 01, 2019 03:00
This study provides useful insights into a possible type 2 endotypes shift in CRSwNP in Asia, as well as endotype classification and treatment criteria for CRSwNP by showing the complex regulation of Th2 and Th17 immunity.
Mon Jul 01, 2019 03:00
Abstract Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency (SIgAD) is the most common primary immunodeficiency, defined as an isolated deficiency of IgA (less than 0.07 g/L). Although the majority of people born with IgA deficiency lead normal lives without significant pathology, there is nonetheless a significant association of IgA deficiency with mucosal infection, increased risks of atopic disease, and a higher prevalence of autoimmune disease. To explain these phenomena, we have performed...
Tue Jul 02, 2019 03:00
Abstract In recent years, an association between hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS), mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) has garnered attention and patients are increasingly presenting with this triad. However, a real relationship between these entities is unclear due to a lack of scientific validity. We conducted an extensive review of the literature using two different search strategies. A narrower strategy included...
Tue Jul 02, 2019 03:00
Abstract Resolvins, belonging to the group of specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs), are metabolic products of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) and are synthesized during the initial phases of acute inflammatory responses to promote the resolution of inflammation. Resolvins are produced for termination of neutrophil infiltration, stimulation of the clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages, and promotion of tissue remodeling and homeostasis. Metabolic dysregulation...
Tue Jul 02, 2019 03:00
Abstract Purpose of Review The goal of this review is to summarize the field to date and to discuss strengths and limitations of low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) for the future investigation as a treatment of inflammatory disease. Recent Findings LLLT is a promising therapeutic, particularly for those diseases of skin and joints because...
Tue Jul 02, 2019 03:00
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