Endocrinology,Oxford University Press

Reviews       Atypical Femur Fractures: Review of Epidemiology, Relationship to Bisphosphonates, Prevention, and Clinical Management     Dennis M Black; Bo Abrahamsen; Mary L Bouxsein; Thomas Einhorn; Nicola Napoli     Ovulation: Parallels With Inflammatory Processes     Diane M Duffy; CheMyong Ko; Misung Jo; Mats Brannstrom ; Thomas E Curry, Jr.     Reproductive Endocrinology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease     Mathis Grossmann; Margaret E Wierman; Peter Angus; David J Handelsman     Structural and Functional Biology of Aldo-Keto Reductase Steroid-Transforming Enzymes     Trevor M Penning; Phumvadee Wangtrakuldee; Richard J Auchus     Nonclassical GH Insensitivity: Characterization of Mild Abnormalities of GH Action     Helen L Storr; Sumana Chatterjee; Louise A Metherell; Corinne Foley ; Ron G Rosenfeld ...     Genetics and Epigenetics of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms     Andrea Mafficini; Aldo Scarpa     The Forgotten Lipids: Triglycerides, Remnant Cholesterol, and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk     Pratik B Sandesara; Salim S Virani; Sergio Fazio; Michael D Shapiro     Growth Hormone’s Links to Cancer     Cesar Luiz Boguszewski; Margaret Cristina da Silva Boguszewski     Growth Hormone Deficiency: Health and Longevity     Manuel H Aguiar-Oliveira; Andrzej Bartke     3-Iodothyronamine—A Thyroid Hormone Metabolite With Distinct Target Profiles and Mode of Action     Josef Köhrle; Heike Biebermann     Pancreatic Islet Transplantation in Humans: Recent Progress and Future Directions     Michael R Rickels; R Paul Robertson     Clinical Management of Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism     Jacques Young; Cheng Xu; Georgios E Papadakis; James S Acierno ; Luigi Maione ...

Clinical Practice Guideline       Treatment of Diabetes in Older Adults: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline     Derek LeRoith; Geert Jan Biessels ; Susan S Braithwaite; Felipe F Casanueva; Boris Draznin...   Screening, treatment, and management of diabetes mellitus and complications in older patients.     Pharmacological Management of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline     Richard Eastell ; Clifford J Rosen; Dennis M Black; Angela M Cheung; M Hassan Murad ...   Management of therapies for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.       Clinical Practice Guideline Meta-Analysis       Antihypertensive Agents in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials     Mohammad Hassan Murad ; Laura Larrea-Mantilla; Abdullah Haddad; Gabriela Spencer-Bonilla; Valentina Serrano ...   Older patients who receive antihypertensive therapy have reduction in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, heart failure, and stroke.     Lipid-Lowering Agents in Older Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials     Oscar J Ponce; Laura Larrea-Mantilla; Bianca Hemmingsen ; Valentina Serrano; Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez ...   High-certainty evidence supports statin use for secondary prevention in older individuals. Evidence for primary prevention is less certain.     Efficacy of Pharmacological Therapies for the Prevention of Fractures in Postmenopausal Women: A Network Meta-Analysis     Patricia Barrionuevo ; Ekta Kapoor; Noor Asi; Fares Alahdab; Khaled Mohammed ...   This network meta-analysis provides comparative effective estimates for the various available treatments to reduce the risk of fragility fractures in women who are postmenopausal.       Clinical Practice Guideline Systematic Review       Women’s Values and Preferences Regarding Osteoporosis Treatments: A Systematic Review     Patricia Barrionuevo; Michael R Gionfriddo; Ana Castaneda-Guarderas; Claudia Zeballos-Palacios; Pavithra Bora ...   Women starting osteoporosis medications value effectiveness and side effects equally and prefer less frequent dosing. Injectable drugs are acceptable if given less frequently.       Case Reports       ACTH-Dependent Cyclic Cushing Syndrome Triggered by Glucocorticoid Excess Through a Positive-Feedback Mechanism     Yasufumi Seki; Satoshi Morimoto; Fumiko Saito; Noriyoshi Takano; Shihori Kimura ...   We present a case of exogenous glucocorticoid-triggered ACTH-dependent cyclic Cushing syndrome and propose possible mechanisms for the periodicity of hypercortisolism.     Pubertal Development and Pregnancy Outcomes in 46,XX Patients With Nonclassic Lipoid Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia     Naomi Hatabu; Naoko Amano; Jun Mori; Yukihiro Hasegawa ; Hiroki Matsuura ...   46,XX patients with nonclassic lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia maintain ovarian function, which enables normal pubertal development and a successful pregnancy outcome without progesterone replacement therapy.       Meta-Analysis       Circulating Adiponectin Levels Are Paradoxically Associated With Mortality Rate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis     Maria Giovanna Scarale; Andrea Fontana; Vincenzo Trischitta ; Massimiliano Copetti; Claudia Menzaghi   In meta-analyses, high circulating adiponectin levels were associated with increased risk for all-cause or cardiovascular mortality.     Comparison of Denosumab and Bisphosphonates in Patients With Osteoporosis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials     Houchen Lyu ; Bakr Jundi; Chang Xu; Sara K Tedeschi; Kazuki Yoshida ...   A meta-analysis was performed of 10 head-to-head trials comparing the efficacy of denosumab vs bisphosphonates in patients with low bone mineral density or osteoporosis.       Clinical Research Articles       Functional Analysis of Genetic Variation in the SECIS Element of Thyroid Hormone Activating Type 2 Deiodinase     Chantal Zevenbergen; Stefan Groeneweg; Sigrid M A Swagemakers ; Arthur de Jong; Evita Medici-Van den Herik ...   We studied the functional consequences of genetic variants in the SECIS element of the type 2 deiodinase, which did not segregate with a distinct phenotype.     Age May Influence the Impact of TRAbs on Thyroid Function and Relapse-Risk in Patients With Graves Disease     Arjola Bano; Earn Gan; Caroline Addison; Kilimangalam Narayanan ; Jolanta U Weaver ...   In a prospective analysis of 384 patients with GD, age influenced the association between TRAb levels and thyroid hormone levels as well as relapse risk.     Pheochromocytoma Characteristics and Behavior Differ Depending on Method of Discovery     Lucinda M Gruber; Robert P Hartman; Geoffrey B Thompson; Travis J McKenzie ; Melanie L Lyden ...   Pheochromocytomas found by mutation-based case detection testing are less biochemically active and require less preoperative α-adrenergic blockade compared with those found due to symptoms.     Prepregnancy Fat Free Mass and Associations to Glucose Metabolism Before and During Pregnancy     Eva Carolina Diaz; Elisabet Børsheim; Kartik Shankar; Mario Alberto Cleves ; Aline Andres   Prepregnancy body composition was measured with displacement plethysmography. Lean and fat compartments were independently associated with markers of glucose homeostasis before and during pregnancy.     Patterns of Cardiometabolic Health as Midlife Women Transition to Menopause: A Prospective Multiethnic Study     Elizabeth Ward; Ellen B Gold; Wesley O Johnson; Feihong Ding ; Po-Yin Chang ...   This study characterized longitudinal patterns of cardiometabolic health in multiethnic midlife women. Modifiable lifestyle factors may be targets in midlife to prevent cardiometabolic diseases.     Vemurafenib Redifferentiation of BRAF Mutant, RAI-Refractory Thyroid Cancers     Lara A Dunn; Eric J Sherman; Shrujal S Baxi ; Vatche Tchekmedyian; Ravinder K Grewal ...   The BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib increased radioiodine uptake in a subset of patients with BRAF mutant, radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer.     Age at Onset of Metabolic Syndrome Among Women With and Without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome–Like Status     Qing Peng; Carrie A Karvonen-Gutierrez; John F Randolph,, Jr.; Bin Nan ; Daniel McConnell...   We compared the age at metabolic syndrome (MetS) onset between women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-like status in a community-based cohort. Results suggest women with PCOS develop MetS at a younger age.     Physical Performance and Vitamin D in Elderly Black Women–The PODA Randomized Clinical Trial     John F Aloia; Mageda Mikhail; Melissa Fazzari ; Shahidul Islam; Louis Ragolia ...   Maintenance of serum 25(OH)D >75 nmol/L in elderly black women did not prevent decline in physical performance compared with placebo group with serum 25(OH)D approximating the recommended daily allowance of 50 nmol/L.     Impact of Route of Estrogen Administration on Bone Turnover Markers in Oligoamenorrheic Athletes and Its Mediators     Vibha Singhal; Kathryn E Ackerman; Amita Bose; Landy Paola Torre Flores ; Hang Lee ...   Treatment of hypogonadal athletes with transdermal 17β estradiol prevented the decline in bone formation markers and IGF-1 levels seen in the group given oral estrogen. We saw decreases in sclerostin.     Expression of GHR and Downstream Signaling Genes in Human Adipose Tissue—Relation to Obesity and Weight Change     Camilla A M Glad; Per-Arne Svensson; Fredrik H Nystrom; Peter Jacobson ; Lena M S Carlsson ...   GHR and STAT3/5 gene expression was studied in human adipose tissue in relation to obesity and weight loss and gain. Expression was dynamically regulated, suggesting perturbed GH signaling in obesity.     Central Nervous System and Peripheral Hormone Responses to a Meal in Children     Christian L Roth; Susan J Melhorn; Clinton T Elfers; Kelley Scholz ; Mary Rosalynn B De Leon ...   Using functional neuroimaging to test visual food cue responses before and after a meal, we found an attenuated central satiety and normal gut hormone response in 9- to 11-year-old children with obesity.     SGPL1 Deficiency: A Rare Cause of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency     Nikolaos Settas; Rebecca Persky; Fabio R Faucz; Nicole Sheanon ; Antonis Voutetakis ...   SPGL1 deficiency is a new cause of primary adrenal insufficiency. We report a family with SPGL1 defects and demonstrate the range of clinical phenotypes associated with it.     Phthalates Exposure as Determinant of Albuminuria in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study     Alessandro Mengozzi; Fabrizia Carli; Edoardo Biancalana; Veronica Della Latta ; Marta Seghieri ...   In this cross-sectional study of subjects with type 2 diabetes and various degrees of renal function, an association between phthalates (endocrine disruptors) and the risk of albuminuria emerged.     Sex Hormone–Binding Globulin Expression Correlates With Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase and Triglyceride Content in Human Liver     Cristina Sáez-López; Maria Teresa Salcedo-Allende; Cristina Hernandez ; Olga Simó-Servat; Rafael Simó ...   SHBG regulates ACC, a key enzyme of hepatic lipogenesis. The SHBG reduction that occurs in obesity may play a role in NAFLD. Thus, SHBG could be a therapeutic target against NAFLD.     Plasma Acylcarnitines and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk     Marta Guasch-Ferré; Miguel Ruiz-Canela; Jun Li ; Yan Zheng; Mònica Bulló ...   A panel of acylcarnitines, especially those with a short chain and long chain, was significantly associated with the incidence of T2D in individuals at high cardiovascular risk.     Clinical Characteristics of Acromegalic Patients With Paradoxical GH Response to Oral Glucose Load     Kosuke Mukai; Michio Otsuki; Daisuke Tamada; Tetsuhiro Kitamura ; Reiko Hayashi ...   Patients with acromegaly and a paradoxical GH response to oral glucose load had higher IGF-I levels, worse glucose metabolism, and better octreotide and bromocriptine efficacy compared with nonresponders.     Association Between Glycemic Control and Risk of Fracture in Diabetic Patients: A Nested Case-Control Study     Janina Vavanikunnel; Sarah Charlier; Claudia Becker ; Cornelia Schneider; Susan S Jick ...   The effect of glycemic control on fracture risk differed between patients with T1DM and T2DM with short-term disease. Poor glycemic control increased the risk of fracture in T1DM but not T2DM.     Stable Iodine Distribution Among Children After the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Disaster in Japan: An Observational Study     Yoshitaka Nishikawa ; Ayako Kohno; Yoshimitsu Takahashi; Chiaki Suzuki; Hirokatsu Kinoshita ...   The intake rate of stable iodine among children was only 63.5% in Miharu Town after the Fukushima disaster. Factors affecting the intake of stable iodine were identified.     Oocyte-Secreted Factors Synergize With FSH to Promote Aromatase Expression in Primary Human Cumulus Cells     Elie Hobeika; Marah Armouti; Hamsini Kala ; Michele A Fierro; Nicola J Winston ...   Oocyte-secreted factors synergize with FSH to promote CYP19A1 mRNA and protein expression and estradiol production in primary human granulosa cells via SMAD2/3, SMAD3, and IGF1R signaling.     Sex Alters the MHC Class I HLA-A Association With Polyglandular Autoimmunity     Brigitte K Flesch; Jochem König; Lara Frommer; Martin P Hansen ; George J Kahaly   The typing of major histocompatibility complex class I and II alleles at a two-field level demonstrated for the first time a sex-related class I human leukocyte antigen-A allele association with adult type 3 polyglandular autoimmunity.     Sleep Loss Disrupts Morning-to-Evening Differences in Human White Adipose Tissue Transcriptome     Britta Wilms; Elena M Leineweber; Matthias Mölle; Rodrigo Chamorro ; Claudia Pommerenke...   Acute sleep loss induces a restructuring in WAT transcriptome, leading to an increased WAT carbohydrate turnover and impaired systemic glucose homeostasis in healthy men.     Insights Into Local Orbital Immunity: Evidence for the Involvement of the Th17 Cell Pathway in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy     Sijie Fang ; Yazhuo Huang; Ningjian Wang; Shuo Zhang; Sisi Zhong ...   We investigated the TAO orbital microenvironment and observed enhancement of the Th17 cell pathway in promoting TAO development.     Fascin-1 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker Associated With Tumor Invasiveness in Adrenocortical Carcinoma     Giada Poli; Carmen Ruggiero; Giulia Cantini ; Letizia Canu; Gianna Baroni ...   Tumor invasion markers are needed to better stratify adrenocortical cancer. We demonstrate the robust independent prognostic power of fascin-1 in three independent adrenocortical cancer cohorts.     Long-Term Outcome in Patients With Heart Failure Treated With Levothyroxine: An Observational Nationwide Cohort Study     Mette Nygaard Einfeldt; Anne-Marie Schjerning Olsen; Søren Lund Kristensen; Usman Khalid; Jens Faber ...   We studied levothyroxine treatment in patients with heart failure and found an association with increased risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and major adverse cardiovascular events.     Adipose Tissue Exosomal Proteomic Profile Reveals a Role on Placenta Glucose Metabolism in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus     Nanthini Jayabalan; Andrew Lai; Valeska Ormazabal; Stefanie Adam ; Dominic Guanzon ...   A specific set of proteins were selectively enriched in exosomes compared with their originating AT in GDM, which were then associated with changes in glucose metabolism in placental cells.     Exposure to Gestational Diabetes Is a Stronger Predictor of Dysmetabolic Traits in Children Than Size at Birth     Freja Bach Kampmann; Anne Cathrine Baun Thuesen; Line Hjort; Sjurdur Frodi Olsen ; Sara Monteiro Pires ...   We examined the effect of size at birth and GDM exposure on metabolic traits, body composition, and puberty onset. We found that GDM is a stronger predictor of dysmetabolic traits than is size at birth.     Hypermethylator Phenotype and Ectopic GIP Receptor in GNAS Mutation-Negative Somatotropinomas     Mirella Hage; Ronan Chaligné; Say Viengchareun; Chiara Villa ; Sylvie Salenave ...   Ectopic GIPR expression in a subset of somatotropinomas occurs through hypomorphic transcriptional activation, likely driven by GIPR gene microamplifications and DNA hypermethylation changes.     Large Genomic Aberrations in Corticotropinomas Are Associated With Greater Aggressiveness     Christina Tatsi; Nathan Pankratz; John Lane; Fabio R Faucz ; Laura C Hernández-Ramírez ...   Somatic CNVs may be used as a diagnostic tool of prognosis in corticotropinomas. Tumors with large deletions/duplications have larger size and a higher risk for invasion of the cavernous sinus.     Characterization of Human Adrenal Steroidogenesis During Fetal Development     Cecilie Melau; John Erik Nielsen; Hanne Frederiksen ; Karen Kilcoyne; Signe Perlman ...   Investigation of steroidogenic enzyme expression and steroid hormone secretion demonstrates that human fetal adrenal steroidogenesis is actively regulated throughout the first and second trimesters.     Differential Rates of Change in Measures of Ovarian Reserve in Young Cancer Survivors Across the Reproductive Lifespan     Katherine Cameron ; Mary D Sammel; Maureen Prewitt; Clarisa Gracia   Cancer survivors were followed longitudinally. Although the absolute levels of anti-Müllerian hormone and antral follicle count were lower in survivors than similar-aged controls at all ages, the rate of decline over time did not differ.     BMI Change During Puberty Is an Important Determinant of Adult Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Men     Claes Ohlsson; Maria Bygdell; Maria Nethander ; Annika Rosengren; Jenny M Kindblom   Both overweight at 8 years and a high BMI increase during puberty were associated with increased risk of adult type 2 diabetes in the BMI Epidemiology Study (n = 36,176; cases of type 2 diabetes, n = 1,777).     Increased Incidence Rate of Hypothyroidism After Iodine Fortification in Denmark: A 20-Year Prospective Population-Based Study     Mads Petersen; Nils Knudsen; Allan Carlé; Stig Andersen; Torben Jørgensen ...   The incidence rate of hypothyroidism has increased in Denmark after the introduction of iodine fortification of salt. We present results from a 20-year prospective population-based study.     Molecular Mechanisms in Skeletal Muscle Underlying Insulin Resistance in Women Who Are Lean With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome     Solvejg L Hansen ; Pernille F Svendsen; Jacob F Jeppesen; Louise D Hoeg; Nicoline R Andersen ...   Insulin resistance and metabolic inflexibility in lean, women who have hyperandrogenism with PCOS is associated with reduced AMPK-mediated signaling and PDH dysregulation in skeletal muscle.     Hepatic Insulin Extraction in NAFLD Is Related to Insulin Resistance Rather Than Liver Fat Content     Kristina M Utzschneider; Steven E Kahn; David C Polidori   Modeling of clamp and oral glucose tolerance test data revealed that hepatic insulin extraction is not directly associated with hepatic steatosis but is associated with muscle and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity.       Commentary       Still Perfecting Radioiodine in Thyroid Cancer, After All These Years     Lori J Wirth   Dunn et al. report on vemurafenib redifferentiation in BRAFV660E DTC. Tumor biopsies showed pharmacologic reprogramming. Decades after RAI was brought into the clinic, we are still perfecting its use.       Letters to the Editor       Letter to the Editor: “Characterization of the CYP11A1Nonsynonymous Variant p.E314K in Children Presenting With Adrenal Insufficiency”     Florence Roucher-Boulez; Claire Goursaud; Delphine Mallet ; Yves Morel     Response to Letter to the Editor: “Characterization of theCYP11A1 Nonsynonymous Variant p.E314K in Children Presenting With Adrenal Insufficiency”     Vipula Kolli; Qizong Lao; Deborah P Merke     Letter to the Editor: “Gestational Gigantomastia Complicated by PTHrP-Mediated Hypercalcemia”     Elizabeth M Winter; Natasha M Appelman-Dijkstra       Corrections       CORRIGENDUM FOR “Pilot Dose Comparison of Apatinib in Chinese Patients With Progressive Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer”         CORRIGENDUM FOR “Application of Mindfulness in a Tier 3 Obesity Service Improves Eating Behavior and Facilitates Successful Weight Loss”         ERRATUM FOR “Clinical, Biochemical, and Genetic Characteristics of “Nonclassic” Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndrome”