Background
Sedentary behaviour is associated with impaired cognition, whereas exercise can acutely improve cognition.
Objective
We compared the effects of a morning bout of moderate-intensity exercise, with and without subsequent light-intensity walking breaks from sitting, on cognition in older adults.
Methods
Sedentary overweight/obese older adults with normal cognitive function (n=67, 67±7 years, 31.2±4.1 kg/m2) completed three conditions (6-day washout): SIT (sitting): uninterrupted sitting (8 hours, control); EX+SIT (exercise + sitting): sitting (1 hour), moderate-intensity walking (30 min), uninterrupted sitting (6.5 hours); and EX+BR (exercise + breaks): sitting (1 hour), moderate-intensity walking (30 min), sitting interrupted every 30 min with 3 min of light-intensity walking (6.5 hours). Cognitive testing (Cogstate) was completed at four time points assessing psychomotor function, attention, executive function, visual learning and working memory. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic growth factor (BDNF) was assessed at six time points. The 8-hour net area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for each outcome.
Results
Working memory net AUC z-score·hour (95% CI) was improved in EX+BR with a z-score of +28 (–26 to +81), relative to SIT, –25 (–79 to +29, p=0.04 vs EX+BR). Executive function net AUC was improved in EX+SIT, –8 (– 71 to +55), relative to SIT, –80 (–142 to –17, p=0.03 vs EX+SIT). Serum BDNF net AUC ng/mL·hour (95% CI) was increased in both EX+SIT, +171 (–449 to +791, p=0.03 vs SIT), and EX+BR, +139 (–481 to +759, p=0.045 vs SIT), relative to SIT, –227 (–851 to +396).
Conclusion
A morning bout of moderate-intensity exercise improves serum BDNF and working memory or executive function in older adults, depending on whether or not subsequent sitting is also interrupted with intermittent light-intensity walking.
Trial registration number
ACTRN12614000737639.
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