Abstract Purpose Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of obstruction of the upper respiratory tract during sleep often accompanied by oxygen desaturations. Antioxidant defense mechanisms are important to prevent OSA-associated diseases and decrease mortality. We aimed to determine the levels of selenium and vitamins A, C, and E in patients with OSA but without any comorbidities and compare...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
Abstract Purpose Dysfunction of the genioglossus muscle is important in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea due to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). Mitochondrial impairment resulting from hypoxia is mitigated by mitophagy to avoid cell apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. This project was designed to explore the effects of CIH on mitophagy in the genioglossus muscle and the impact of adiponectin (Ad). ...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
Abstract Purpose The European Union Driver License Committee recently developed a questionnaire as a screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) named the European Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening (EUROSAS) questionnaire for drivers. We sought to address the reliability of the Turkish version of this questionnaire. Methods The EUROSAS was translated...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
Abstract Introduction Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in primary school children is a significant problem, yet its prevalence is not well known outside large urban settings. Information on the burden and risk factors of SDB in children could be used to improve resource allocation when providing care across a large country. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of SDB among school-aged children comparing rural and...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
Abstract Introduction Ventriculoatrial (VA) shunts are life-saving in circumstances where ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VP) have failed. They are at risk for different complications, and more specific of them are cardiopulmonary complications. Currently, there are no standard recommendations concerning screening for risk factors, prophylaxis, or anticoagulation treatment in patients after VA shunt placement. Our study aims to prospectively...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
Abstract The authors describe a follow-up to a case of a 19-year-old female with shunted aqueductal stenosis who presented with low-pressure hydrocephalus during a shunt malfunction. Shortly after management with CSF drainage at negative pressure, a magnetic resonance elastography scan was performed and revealed very low brain stiffness (high compliance). Here we present the case of the same patient seen 2 years later, now 21 years old, who again received a magnetic resonance...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
Abstract Background Intracranial infectious aneurysms are rarely reported in children; in particular, they are very rare in infants. They are mostly related to infective endocarditis and are usually located in the anterior cerebral vasculature. A ruptured intracranial infectious aneurysm is a catastrophic event associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Case report...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
High Altitude Medicine &Biology, Ahead of Print.
Thu Oct 08, 2020 10:00
In this study, we took advantage of the corrosiveness of promethazine hydrochloride injection, i.e., its chemical corrosiveness at the injection site, for sclerotherapy of mucocele1. In previous reports, the more serious complications may have been caused by perivascular extravasation or unintentional intra-arterial injection, which is a common feature of all chemical corrosive sclerosants2. Therefore, in the sclerotherapy procedure, we emphasized that it is necessary to puncture into the lesion...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
Reconstruction for large-scale temporomandibular joint (TMJ) defects can be challenging. We have used the medial femoral condyle (MFC) osseocartilaginous flap for repair of TMJ defects. The aim of this paper was to describe our technique and to present the preliminary results. The MFC osseocartilaginous flap was used as a free vascularized graft for TMJ defect in four patients who had undergone resection for benign tumor of the TMJ region (n = 2) or TMJ ankylosis (n=2). A computer-assisted technique...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the long-term hard tissue stability and relapse factors following surgical–orthodontic treatment in skeletal class II patients. A literature search was conducted using Embase, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, and PubMed, yielding 3184 articles published up to January 2019. Risk of bias was assessed following the Cochrane handbook. Ten articles met the inclusion criteria. A total of 1079 patients were followed up for 5–13 years. The...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
The purpose of this study was to determine whether self-reported work ability is associated with voice disorders, stress at work, and the quality of the perceived indoor environment.
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
Vocal changes occur across the life span and can be reflected in acoustic measurements.
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
The voice results in acoustic signals analyzed and synthetized at first for telecommunication matters, and more recently investigated for medical purposes. In particular, voice signal characteristics can evidence individual health conditions useful for screening, diagnostic and remote monitoring aims. Within this frame, the knowledge of baseline features of healthy voice is mandatory, in order to balance a comparison with their unhealthy counterpart. However, the baseline features of the human voice...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
The Eustachian tube (ET) is considered an organ by itself due to its specific functions. An ET Dysfunction (ETD) is discussed when this tube is unable to ventilate the middle ear properly. Clinically, the pati...
Tue Oct 06, 2020 03:00
Early childhood caries (ECC) is a type of dental caries in the teeth of infants and children that is represented as one of the most prevalent dental problems in this period. Various studies have reported diffe...
Tue Oct 06, 2020 03:00
The main objective of this study was to evaluate whether the 2016 Brexit referendum has contributed to an increase in maxillofacial injuries specifically targeted against ethnic minority groups in the district of North London. The secondary objectives were to identify the most common types of injuries following the assaults and the number of patients admitted to hospital. A total of 1,391 people was assaulted between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2018. They were classified into the following categories:...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
Most surgical specialities have attempted to address the concern of unfair comparison of outcomes by ‘risk-adjusting’ data in order to benchmark speciality specific outcomes indicative of quality of care. We explore the ability to predict for positive margin status in order that effective benchmarking that accounts for complexity of case-mix is possible.
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
Background and Objectives Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is an incapacitating disease with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc degenerative changes in patients. Despite several research attempts to find a definitive treatment, there is no evidence of a permanent solution. The objective of the current study was to observe the role of 660 nm diode laser in the differentiation of human adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) to fibroblasts and chondrocytes. Study Design/Materials and Methods After...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 18:31
Abstract We developed a new face mask concept for oxygen administration using non-woven textiles. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the new mask improves acceptability without compromising O2 delivery and CO2 elimination. 10 healthy adult volunteers were randomized to either the conventional plastic face mask–first group or the new face mask–first group. Participants were asked to wear the assigned mask with O2 at 3 L/min for 10 min while seated. End tidal O2 concentration...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
The continuing spread of SARS-CoV-2 remains a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. What physicians need to know about transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of Covid-19 is the subject of ongoing updates from infectious disease experts at the Journal. In this audio interview conducted…
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
The continuing spread of SARS-CoV-2 remains a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. What physicians need to know about transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of Covid-19 is the subject of ongoing updates from infectious disease experts at the Journal. In this audio interview conducted…
Thu Sep 24, 2020 03:00
The continuing spread of SARS-CoV-2 remains a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. What physicians need to know about transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of Covid-19 is the subject of ongoing updates from infectious disease experts at the Journal. In this audio interview conducted…
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita is characterized by the presence of a bluish-purple reticulated cutaneous vascular network on the skin intermixed with telangiectasia and occasionally prominent veins at birth. Areas of the skin within the reticulated cutaneous vascular network may be normal, erythematous, atrophic, and, at times, ulcerated. Areas of ulcerations and focal cutaneous and subcutaneous atrophy occasionally occur resulting in body asymmetry. On the other hand, cutaneous and subcutaneous...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 19:50
Thu Oct 08, 2020 11:53
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
Abstract Purpose In presence of indeterminate lesions by fine needle aspiration (FNA), thyroid cancer cannot always be easily diagnosed by conventional cytology. As a consequence, unnecessary removal of thyroid gland is performed in patients without cancer based on the lack of optimized diagnostic criteria. Aim of this study is identifying a molecular profile based on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression capable to discriminate...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
We present the case of a 75-year-old man with osteosarcoma of the sternum in whom 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT showed high radiotracer activity in the primary tumor and metastatic lesions than 18F-FDG PET/CT. The present case shows that 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT is very useful for staging of osteosarcoma due to in vivo expression of PSMA. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT can have potential effects on prognosis and in response assessment following treatment in osteosarcoma. The use of PSMA-targeted...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
Purpose We evaluated 18F-FDOPA PET and MRI characteristics in association with the molecular status and overall survival (OS) in a large number of low-grade gliomas (LGGs). Methods Eighty-six patients who underwent 18F-FDOPA PET and MRI and were diagnosed with new or recurrent LGGs were retrospectively evaluated with respect to their isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and 1p19q status (10 IDH wild type, 57 mutant, 19 unknown; 1p19q status in IDH mutant: 20 noncodeleted, 37 codeleted). After...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
A 68-year-old man with hereditary hypercoagulability was referred to nuclear medicine for elevated aminotransferases after a recent living-donor liver transplant. A hepatic infarction was suspected. A 99mTc-mebrofenin SPECT/CT was performed and showed decreased radiotracer uptake in a wedge-shaped distribution in the anterior liver suggestive of a hepatic infarction. Subsequently, an enhanced MRI corroborated the diagnosis. Oral anticoagulation therapy was then initiated, and aminotransferases soon...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
A 24-year-old man presented with decreased appetite, fatigue, abdominal pain, and acute renal insufficiency. Ultrasound showed bilateral hydronephrosis. CT of the abdomen revealed enlarged seminal vesicles causing bilateral hydronephrosis, mesenteric and peritoneal metastases, liver lesions, and enlarged lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum. A biopsy from a peritoneal lesion demonstrated metastasis of a neuroendocrine tumor grade 2. A 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT scan was performed, which showed enhanced uptake...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
Sweet disease is a multisystem inflammatory disorder characterized by fever, cutaneous erythematous plaques, and aseptic neutrophilic infiltration of various organs. Neuro-Sweet disease is a known rare central nervous system complication of Sweet disease. A 67-year-old Japanese woman who was diagnosed with neuro-Sweet disease underwent 11C-methionine (11C-MET) PET. 11C-MET PET revealed increased accumulation in the affected brain tissues. After steroid therapy, she became asymptomatic, and a follow-up...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
Cholesterol granuloma (CG) occurs primarily in the middle ear and rarely in the paranasal sinus. We report an unusual case of paranasal sinus CG with 18F-FDG uptake. A 76-year-old man presented with right refractory epistaxis. PET/CT showed FDG uptake in the maxillary sinus. CT findings are typically uncharacteristic, whereas MRI scans are characterized by a high signal on both T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. Nasal endoscopy from the ostium revealed a granulomatous lesion with hemorrhage at the...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
We present 2 cases that demonstrate photopenia in peripheral areas on whole-body PET/CT imaging with 18F-FDG as a sign of absent perfusion with severe short-term complications. The scan of the first patient shows photopenia in the right ankle and foot, resulting from compartment syndrome, caused by hemolytic group A streptococcus bacteremia with endocarditis and septic emboli, necessitating lower leg amputation. The scan of the second patient shows photopenia in the transverse colon, resulting from...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
18F-FDG PET/CT might discover incidental pituitary lesions. We present the case of a 46-year-old woman with breast cancer metastasis in her pituitary. We analyzed 10,347 FDG PET/CT examinations from a tertiary center, finding 4 cases (0.038%) of pituitary metastatic disease from other cancers. We analyzed the differences between SUVmax in cases of physiological high uptake, primary tumor, and hypophysis metastases from other cancers in our database compared with the literature. Received for publication...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
A 63-year-old man with recent diagnosis of high-risk prostate adenocarcinoma was referred to our Nuclear Medicine Department for 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT to rule out metastasis in the setting of elevated serum prostate-specific antigen levels. The patient had previous history of nodular melanoma of the right cheek treated 6 years back with surgery and adjuvant radiation. Surveillance 18F-FDG PET/CT for melanoma 1 month back had revealed enlarged FDG-avid mediastinal para-aortic lymph nodes, which...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
An 82-year-old man had a diagnosis of prostate cancer and underwent curative radiotherapy. During the oncological follow-up, the patient showed biochemical relapse and underwent whole-body 64Cu–prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT for restaging purpose. 64Cu–prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT showed a pathological uptake in left iliac venous axis, subsequently confirmed as venous thrombosis. Received for publication April 4, 2020; revision accepted August 24, 2020. Conflicts of...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
The National Database for Nursing Quality Indicators is an important source of information used to benchmark nursing by unit category in multiple areas related to not only structure and process but also outcome. It also provides some information regarding best practices and the cost to achieve certain results. The Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index is a frequently used way to measure the professional practice environment of nurses and the relationship of the latter to quality, safety,...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
Gallbladder perforation is an uncommon but morbid complication of acute cholecystitis with mural ischemia and necrosis. The most common site of perforation is the fundus because of limited blood supply in this region. The Niemeier classification proposed in 1934 remains the criterion standard in grading gallbladder perforation; type 1 is acute with free perforation into the peritoneal cavity, type 2 is subacute with pericholecystic abscess, and type 3 is chronic with cholecystoenteric fistula. We...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
We report the case of a 72-year-old woman presenting with a progressive left peripheral facial paralysis and a facial canal mass extending through the stylomastoid foramen along the posterior edge of the parotid gland. On MRI, the early and intense enhancement was highly suggestive of paraganglioma but could not rule out a nonossifying hemangioma. Laboratory analysis showed normal plasma metanephrines. On 18F-FDOPA PET/CT, the mass exhibited a typical paraganglioma feature with a marked tumor uptake....
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
Cardiac valvular involvement in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis is very rare. We report the case of a patient seen in 2019, followed for ANCA-associated vasculitis for 15 years, who had a first relapse with cardiac valvular involvement in 2012, and who underwent a second histologically proven vasculitis relapse involving mitral periprosthetic endocardium. PET/CT imaging showed an intense and focal FDG activity of paramitral bioprosthesis leak site. Mitral bioprosthesis...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
We describe a case of 68Ga–prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT scan with focal tracer concentration in the lung without any abnormalities in the CT part. 18F-FDG focal uptake in lungs without corresponding CT lesions is described. Two possible mechanisms proposed to explain this finding in FDG PET/CT scans are iatrogenic pulmonary microembolism and 18F-FDG–avid infection or inflammation that precedes structural findings. Logically, these proposed mechanisms seem to be applicable to 68Ga–prostate-specific...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
We present the planar lymphoscintigraphies and SPECT/CT images of a 60-year-old man diagnosed as having melanoma (Breslow 1.8 mm) in left parietal scalp, close to head midline. Sentinel lymph node biopsy using 99mTc-tilmanocept was performed, but the surgery was canceled. Two weeks later, sentinel lymph node biopsy was repeated, but using the hybrid radiotracer indocyanine green–99mTc-albumin nanocolloid. The lymphatic drainage in left laterocervical region was similar with these 2 radiotracers,...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
Osteoid osteomas are painful benign osteoblastic tumors that usually affect the metaphysis or diaphysis of long bones. Hands are rarely involved. Identification of recurrent lesion by anatomical imaging modalities is a challenge especially in postoperative setting. Diagnosis of osteoid osteoma is based on typical clinical signs, radiographs, bone scintigraphy, thin-slice computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. Atypical locations, multicentricity of nidus, or incomplete excision of the...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
We present a case of neuroendocrine tumor localized in the gastric mucosa, incidentally detected by 18F-choline PET/CT in a 69-year-old man with prostate cancer. 18F-choline PET/CT scan showed an increased activity in the stomach, later diagnosed as a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor, at biopsy. A careful attention of reading 18F-choline PET/CT images should be made, in order to avoid the missing of potential concomitant neoplasia in patients with prostate cancer. Received for publication...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia is an unusual cause of protein losing enteropathy due to either congenital malformation or obstruction of lymphatics of intestine. The disease can affect all or only a small part of the small intestine. Peripheral lymphedema may be associated. The diagnosis is based on endoscopic and histopathological findings. A 30-year-old woman presents lower extremity edema with hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. 99mTc-labeled human serum albumin nanocolloid...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 03:00
In the nationwide cancer genome screening project SCRUM‐Japan GI‐SCREEN, 2590 archival formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues from 19 institutions were analyzed with two tissue‐based next‐generation sequencing (NGS) panels at the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)‐certified College of American Pathologists (CAP)‐accredited central laboratory. The Oncomine Cancer Research Panel (OCP; 143 genes) succeeded in producing validated results for only 68.3% of the samples (%OCP‐success)....
Thu Oct 08, 2020 18:26
To the Editor: Type 1 diabetes is caused by insulin deficiency resulting from immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Its cause is multifactorial, with complex genetic factors and a strong influence of certain HLA types that probably indicates T-cell–mediated disease. Despite attempts…
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
Abstract Introduction To evaluate current use of breast biopsy markers (BBM) amongst Australian and New Zealand radiologists. Methods Radiologists attending a national breast conference were invited to complete an online survey addressing demographics, BBM use following ultrasound, stereotactic, tomosynthesis and MRI‐guided biopsy, frequency of early BBM displacement, preoperative lesion localisation (PLL) and axillary BBM use. Results Overall response rate was 52% (60/115). The majority...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 18:45
Objectives Materials and Methods Fifty-eight individuals (26 female; mean age, 23.3 ± 8.1 years) were prospectively studied at 3 T. GRAPPATINI was conducted with the same parameters as the 2D-MESE while shortening the acquisition time from 13:18 to 2:27 minutes. The setup was also validated in a phantom experiment using a 6.48-hour-long single echo-spin echo sequence as reference. The IVDs were manually segmented on 4 central slices. Results The median nucleus pulposus showed a strong...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 20:49
Objectives The aim of this study was to explore blood deoxygenation across cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) for functional characterization of AVM vasculature. Materials and Methods Fifteen patients with cerebral arteriovenous vascular malformation were prospectively studied by digital subtraction angiography and using a 3 T magnetic resonance imaging system, with which three-dimensional (3D) gradient echo data for the calculation of quantitative susceptibility maps, velocity-encoded...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 20:49
Purpose Molecular ultrasound imaging of tumor vasculature is being actively investigated with microbubble contrast agents targeted to neovasculature biomarkers. Yet, a universal method of targeting tumor vasculature independent of specific biomarkers, or in their absence, would be desirable. We report the use of electrostatic interaction to achieve adherence of microbubbles to tumor vasculature and resulting tumor delineation by ultrasound imaging. Methods and Materials Microbubbles were...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 20:49
Objectives Materials and Methods We recombinantly expressed the Thy1-scFv with a carboxy-terminus cysteine residue to facilitate its thioether conjugation to the PEGylated MBs presenting with maleimide functional groups. After the scFv-MB conjugations, we tested binding activity of the MBThy1-scFv to MS1 cells overexpressing human Thy1 (MS1Thy1) under liquid shear stress conditions in vitro using a flow chamber setup at 0.6 mL/min flow rate, corresponding to a wall shear stress rate of 100...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 20:49
Objectives Cortical demyelination is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and can be extensive. Cortical lesions contribute to disability independently from white matter lesions and may form via a distinct mechanism. However, current magnetic resonance imaging methods at 3 T are insensitive to cortical, and especially subpial cortical, lesions. Subpial lesions are well seen on T2*-weighted imaging at 7 T, but T2*-weighted methods on 3 T scanners are limited by poor lesion-to-cortex and cerebrospinal...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 20:49
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate acoustic noise reduction and image quality of cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 7T MRI with and without sequence-based acoustic noise reduction. Materials and Methods Fifteen patients and 5 healthy volunteers underwent 7T MRI scanning. A fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence was acquired with and without sequence-based acoustic noise reduction. The acoustic noise generated by each sequence was measured. Quantitative...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 20:49
Purpose The aims of this study were to assess radiofrequency (RF) shielding and susceptibility-induced imaging artifacts of venous stents with different designs at 1.5 T and to analyze the relationship between stent designs, that is, cell geometry and RF shielding. Methods Twelve dedicated venous stents and 1 stent used for venous pathologies with 8 different designs from 5 different manufacturers were tested: Blueflow (plus medica, Düsseldorf, Germany), Sinus Obliquus, Sinus Venous, Sinus...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 20:49
An international research team has examined four newly found specimens of the Mysteriomorphidae beetle using computer tomography and has been able to reconstruct them. The results allow to draw conclusions about the evolution of the species during the Cretaceous period.
Thu Oct 08, 2020 19:12
Abstract Magnetotactic microorganisms can be found as unicellular prokaryotes, as cocci, vibrions, spirilla and rods, and as multicellular organisms. Multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes are magnetotactic microorganisms composed by several magnetotactic bacteria organized almost in a spherical helix, and one of the most studied is Candidatus Magnetoglobus multicellularis. Several studies have shown that Ca. M. multicellularis displays forms of behavior not well explained by...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 03:00
New Findings What is the central question of this study? The relevance of miR‐22 has been indicated in coronary heart disease (CHD), while how its protective role exerted in CHD has not been previously reported. What is the main finding and its importance? EZH2 inhibited miR‐22 promoter transcription, thus modulating cell proliferation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells to induce CHD. Abstract microRNA‐22 (miR‐22) was indicated to modulate...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 14:31
This study aimed at determining the relationship between baseline cystatin C levels and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and investigating the potential prognostic value of serum cystatin C in adult patients with COVID-19. 481 patients with COVID-19 were consecutively included in this study from January 2, 2020, and followed up to April 15, 2020. All clinical and laboratory data of COVID-19 patients with definite outcomes were reviewed. For every measure, COVID-19 patients were grouped into quartiles...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 13:35
An international research team has examined four newly found specimens of the Mysteriomorphidae beetle using computer tomography and has been able to reconstruct them. The results allow to draw conclusions about the evolution of the species during the Cretaceous period.
Thu Oct 08, 2020 19:12
The banyan fig tree Ficus microcarpa is famous for its aerial roots, which sprout from branches and eventually reach the soil. The tree also has a unique relationship with a wasp that has coevolved with it and is the only insect that can pollinate it. In a new study, researchers identify regions in the banyan fig's genome that promote the development of its unusual aerial roots and enhance its ability to signal its wasp pollinator.
Thu Oct 08, 2020 19:12
Zoologists have discovered that male and female Sulawesi Babblers (Pellorneum celebense, a species of bird) have evolved to attain different sizes on small islands, and in quick-fire time. They believe this is most likely due to evolutionary pressure favoring such 'dimorphism' because the birds are able to reduce competition with each other by feeding on different, scarce resources.
Thu Oct 08, 2020 17:42
ObjectivesThis paper assessed the impact of working in casual employment, compared with permanent employment, on eight health attributes that make up the 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) Health Survey, separately by sex. The mental health impacts of casual jobs with irregular hours over which the worker reports limited control were also investigated.MethodsLongitudinal data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey, over the period 2001–2018, were used to investigate the relationship...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 19:00
Publication date: November 2020Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Volume 138Author(s): Kaukab Rajput, Lindsey Edwards, Penelope Brock, Anne Abiodun, Phillippa Simpkin, Ghada Al-Malky
Thu Oct 08, 2020 20:00
Publication date: Available online 7 October 2020Source: European Journal of CancerAuthor(s): K. de Joode, D.W. Dumoulin, J. Tol, H.M. Westgeest, L.V. Beerepoot, F.W.P.J. van den Berkmortel, P.G.N.J. Mutsaers, N.G.J. van Diemen, O.J. Visser, E. Oomen - de Hoop, H.J. Bloemendal, H.W.M. van Laarhoven, L.E.L. Hendriks, J.B.A.G. Haanen, E.G.E. de Vries, A.C. Dingemans, A.A.M. van der Veldt, C.J. van Loenhout, C.H. van der Leest, A. Becker-Commissaris
Thu Oct 08, 2020 19:51
Key points Unpleasant respiratory sensations contribute to morbidity in pulmonary disease. In rodents, these sensations are processed by nodose and jugular vagal sensory neurons, two distinct cell populations that differentially project to the airways and brainstem. Whether similar differences exist in bronchopulmonary sensory pathways in humans is unknown. We use functional magnetic resonance imaging during inhalation of capsaicin and ATP, showing that airway nodose pathways project centrally...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 16:24
Wed Oct 07, 2020 15:09
Key points The distribution of pulmonary perfusion is affected by gravity, vascular branching structure, and active regulatory mechanisms which may be disrupted by cardiopulmonary disease, but this is not well studied, particularly in rare conditions. We evaluated pulmonary perfusion in patients who had undergone Fontan procedure, patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, PAH, and two groups of controls using a proton magnetic resonance imaging technique, arterial spin labeling to measure...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 15:09
Key points 6·A moderate increase in PCO2 (55 mmHg) closes Cx26 gap junctions. 6·This effect of CO2 is independent of changes in intra‐ or extracellular pH. 6·The CO2 dependent closing effect depends on the same residues (K125 and R104) that are required for the CO2‐dependent opening of Cx26 hemichannels. 6·Pathological mutations of Cx26 abolish the CO2‐dependent closing of the gap junction 6·Elastic network modelling suggests that the effect of CO2 on Cx26 hemichannels and gap junctions is...
Tue Oct 06, 2020 22:00
Publication date: January–February 2021Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology, Volume 42, Issue 1Author(s): Shadman Nemati, Fatemeh Yousefbeyk, Seyedeh Matin Ebrahimi, Ali Faghih FaghihHabibi, Maryam Shakiba, Hedieh Ramezani
Thu Oct 08, 2020 19:17
We report a case of a spinal epidural abscess (SEA) in a patient without significant risk factors. The patient was treated in an outpatient setting for one week for worsening back pain and subsequently admitted to the hospital for the treatment of sepsis and suspected SEA. An MRI obtained on admission showed an epidural abscess extending from the lower cervical to the upper lumbar region and accompanying paraspinal cervical and psoas abscesses. The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 08:35
[Atypical neck pain: an example of a little-known syndrome]. Rev Med Suisse. 2020 Oct 07;16(709):1891-1893 Authors: Bajgrowicz P, Monney C, Favrat B, Madrid C, Lambercy K Abstract Eagle's syndrome is an unknown disease. Its suspicion is first and foremost clinical and his symptoms are diverse. The diagnosis is confirmed by imaging. Its management is surgical: resection of the styloid process by trans-oral or trans-amygdala route. Patients often...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 19:06
[Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome : CPAP or Mandibular Advancement Device?] Rev Med Suisse. 2020 Oct 07;16(709):1865-1869 Authors: Teiga P, Chatelain S, Heinzer R, Lambercy K Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a respiratory disorder affecting up to 49 % and 23 % of middle to older aged men and women respectively. CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) is the gold-standard treatment for severe apneas. In mild and moderate...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 19:06
[Surgical landmarks of the inferior laryngeal nerve : do they differ by ethnicity ?] Rev Med Suisse. 2020 Oct 07;16(709):1849-1852 Authors: Ngo-Nyeki AR, Triponez F, Guyot JP Abstract For safe procedures, the surgeon performing thyroid gland surgeries must know precisely the anatomical relationships of the inferior laryngeal nerve with other cervical structures, in particular the inferior laryngeal artery and its branches. Classic descriptions...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 19:06
L’ORL, une discipline plurivalente. Rev Med Suisse. 2020 Oct 07;16(709):1843 Authors: Simon C, Senn P PMID: 33026724 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Thu Oct 08, 2020 19:06
Publication date: December 2020Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 132Author(s): Stefano Pagano, Maddalena Coniglio, Chiara Valenti, Maria Isabella Federici, Guido Lombardo, Stefano Cianetti, Lorella Marinucci
Thu Oct 08, 2020 18:58
Publication date: December 2020Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 132Author(s): Lukasz Szoka, Jerzy Palka
Thu Oct 08, 2020 18:58
Abstract The emergence of hair is a defining event during mammalian skin development, but the cellular mechanisms leading to the opening of the hair follicle canal remain poorly characterized. Our previous studies have shown that early hair buds possess a central column of differentiated keratinocytes expressing Keratin 79 (K79), which marks the future hair follicle opening. Here, we report that during late embryogenesis and early postnatal development, K79+ cells at the distal tips of these columns...
Tue Oct 06, 2020 20:24
Publication date: Available online 7 October 2020Source: Clinical Neurology and NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Ahmed Mohamed Ateia, Ahmed Ali Elbassiouny, Sobhy Hassab El-Nabi, Nagia Aly Fahmy, Mahmoud Haroon Ibrahim, Islam El-Garawani, Khaled Gobbah, Magdy Khalaf
Thu Oct 08, 2020 18:47
Objectives This study aimed to investigate whether pretreatment skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) is a predictor for the risk of aspiration pneumonia and to explore the relationship between low SMI and overall survival (OS) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) receiving chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Methods We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients with HNSCC who received CRT during 2010–2019. Patients received a combination of radiotherapy and cisplatin‐based chemotherapy...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 15:09
Extra‐ and intracranial complications of cholesteatoma are rare in the new era of antibiotics. The rarity of the severe complications and the atypical symptoms cause difficulties to set up proper diagnosis and treatment. We report about a 76‐year old patient with external auditory canal cholesteatoma causing Bezold abscess and sigmoid sinus thrombosis. The patient underwent canal wall up mastoidectomy and mastoid obliteration with abdominal fat and Bezold abscess drainage. Systemic antibiotic and...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 14:49
Objectives To determine the clinical characteristics of papilloma involving the external auditory canal (PEAC) in a region of China. Study design A retrospective study. Methods Demographics, manifestations, imaging results, histopathology, and treatment of 67 patients diagnosed with PEAC in a period of 6 years were analyzed at Shanghai Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital in China. Results PEAC were encountered in patients between the ages of 12 and 82 years (mean 53.8 years). It...
Thu Oct 08, 2020 14:37
Objectives To characterize the impact of subglottic stenosis (SGS) on voice‐related quality of life (V‐RQOL) and quantify the effect of treatment on voice outcomes. Study Design Case series. Methods Retrospective review of SGS patients treated from 1996 to 2018 at a single institution to assess for 1) V‐RQOL association with individual patient cumulative treatment number and 2) V‐RQOL correlation with treatment type, time between treatments, and degree of stenosis. Analysis included...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 16:54
Objectives Assess national trends in opioid prescription following pediatric tonsillectomy: 1) overall percentage receiving opioids and mean quantity, 2) changes during 2009–2017, and 3) determinants of prescription patterns. Methods Cross‐sectional analysis using 2009–2017 Optum claims data to identify opioid‐naïve children aged 1–18 with claims codes for tonsillectomy (n = 82,842). Quantities of opioids filled in outpatient pharmacies during the perioperative period were extracted and converted...
Wed Oct 07, 2020 16:44
Objective Limited information is available regarding the role of programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression and CD8+ tumor‐infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) of patients with salivary gland carcinoma (SGC). This study aimed to assess the association between the prognosis of SGC patients and the probability of PD‐L1 expression in tumor and/or immune cells using the tumor proportion score (TPS), mononuclear immune cell density score (MIDS), combined...
Tue Oct 06, 2020 12:28
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