Individuals with sickle cell anemia (SCA) present chronic anemia, hemolysis, an exacerbated inflammatory response, and heterogeneous clinical complications, which may be modulated by the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway. Thus, we aimed to investigate polymorphisms (rs1805110 and rs7526590) of the transforming growth factor beta receptor III gene (TGFBR3) with regard to laboratory biomarkers and clinical manifestations in individuals with SCA. Hematological, biochemical, immunological,...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 12:20
Objective Preoperative embolization of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is usually performed by the occlusion of branches of the external carotid artery (ECA). However, a significant proportion of JNAs also receive blood from the internal carotid artery (ICA). The objective of this study was to report on the feasibility and clinical impact of superselective embolization of ICA branches in complex cases of JNA. Methods This was a single‐center retrospective study of all patients operated...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 14:33
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of a new device for fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) consisting of a vibrating linear resonant actuator (LRA). Study Design Prospective clinical study. Methods The LRA frequency was optimized by visualization of the needle motion using a high‐speed camera. The FNAC device consists of a vibrating motor fixed to the stopper of a 5‐ml syringe and piston. Upon insertion of the syringe needle into a thyroid nodule (with the stopper attached to the...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 14:52
Elevated Urine Leukotriene E4 Is Associated With Worse Objective Markers in Nasal Polyposis Patients
Objectives Urine leukotriene E4 (uLTE4) is a biomarker of leukotriene synthesis and is elevated in patients with aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD). It can also be useful to help delineate aspirin‐tolerant chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) patients from AERD patients. The purpose of this study is to determine if uLTE4 biomarker levels are associated with objective and subjective markers of disease severity in patients with CRSwNP. Methods A retrospective analysis...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 14:55
Tracheobronchopathia Osteochondroplastica is a benign condition characterized by osseous and cartilaginous submucosal growths of the tracheobronchial tree. This is a case report of an individual that was to undergo elective surgery using general anesthesia with endotracheal tube intubation. However, the anesthesiologist encountered a large osseous mass of the precricoid region and could not be intubated. This case report describes the technique for removal of the obstructing lesion using a Sonopet...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 15:26
Objectives/Hypothesis Voice therapy is an effective treatment for many voice disorders, but success depends on attendance and adherence. Many factors hinder treatment attendance, and language discordance with the provider may present an additional obstacle to attending therapy. This study evaluates factors associated with voice therapy attendance at a language‐diverse, safety‐net hospital. Study Design: Retrospective chart review Methods Retrospective review of adult patients referred to...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 15:29
Objectives/Hypothesis Ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration cytology (US‐FNAC) is a well‐established procedure performed to establish the diagnosis of Kikuchi‐Fujimoto disease (KFD). Ultrasound‐guided core needle biopsy (US‐CNB) is an alternative diagnostic tool for KFD. However, the efficacy of US‐CNB is not well evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of US‐CNB and compare it with that of US‐FNAC in the diagnosis of KFD. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 16:30
Objectives To assess the prognostic value of pre‐/post‐radiotherapy (pre‐/post‐RT) radiologic lymph node (LN) features in human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive and HPV‐negative oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC) patients treated with definitive (chemo‐)RT. Methods Clinical node‐positive OPCs treated from 2011 to 2015 were reviewed. Nodal features were reviewed by a radiologist on pre‐/post‐RT computed tomography (CTs). Univariable analysis calculated hazard ratio (HR) for regional failure (RF), distant...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 18:30
Foreword. In this Journal feature, information about a real patient is presented in stages (boldface type) to an expert clinician, who responds to the information by sharing relevant background and reasoning with the reader (regular type). The authors’ commentary follows. Stage. A 48-year-old man…
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
The term "dysplasia," derived from the ancient Greek for abnormal (dys) formation (plasis), has traditionally been used by pathologists to denote both the aberrant formation of organs or tissues and their resulting abnormal structure. In 1982, "myelodysplasia" was used by the…
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
The ultimate goal of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is to prevent invasive cervical cancer by preventing infection with major oncogenic types of HPV. As of December 2019, a total of 124 countries and territories had implemented national immunization programs for HPV vaccination. In Sweden,…
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Inhibitors of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1, either as monotherapy or combined with chemotherapy, with or without bevacizumab, have emerged as a new standard of care for the first-line treatment of patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without mutations of…
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Publication date: Available online 30 September 2020Source: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic SurgeryAuthor(s): Harold Mulier, Bob De Frene, Lara Benmeridja, Florian Vanhoorebeeck, Bruno Denis, Bob Casaer, Fabrice Jacques Rogge, Kris Leleu, Jan Mulier
Thu Oct 01, 2020 22:47
Publication date: Available online 30 September 2020Source: Brain Research BulletinAuthor(s): Nilsel Okudan, Muaz Belviranli
Thu Oct 01, 2020 22:52
Publication date: Available online 1 October 2020Source: Brain Research BulletinAuthor(s): Zahra Pourmohammadi-Bejarpasi, Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh, Alia Saberi, Mojdeh Kheirandish-Rostami, Seyyed Mohammadtaghi Razavi Toosi, Ali Jahanian-Najafabadi, Kazuo Tomita, Yoshikazu Kuwahara, Tomoaki Sato, Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
Thu Oct 01, 2020 22:52
Researchers have revealed our most ancient ancestors were ecologically diverse, despite lacking jaws and paired fins.
Thu Oct 01, 2020 18:36
Species are often regarded as basic units of study in biology, following the presumption that they are real and discrete natural entities. But several biologists wonder if species are arbitrary divisions that do not correspond to discrete natural groups of organisms. Two issues must be addressed to solve this controversy, but few studies seem to do so. The first is whether organisms form sympatric and synchronic groups that are distinct in terms of phenotypes and genome-wide allele frequencies, often...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08506
Thu Oct 01, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08248
Thu Oct 01, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08956
Thu Oct 01, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07531
Thu Oct 01, 2020 07:00
Abstract Lipedema is a painful, underdiagnosed adipose tissue disorder, characterized by symmetrical swelling of the extremities due to subcutaneous fat deposition in the buttocks, thighs, legs, and arms, sparing the most distal part of the extremities. Although aetiology and pathogenesis of lipedema is unclear, possible role of hormonal and genetic factors have been proposed previously. Patients with lipedema suffer from pain, easy bruising, tenderness, and disfigurement. Pain is the leading symptom...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 15:08
Abstract Background Egypt displays a high HCV burden and almost 20% of the patients develop cutaneous manifestations HCV‐related. Direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) drastically changed HCV patient's morbidity and mortality but their impact of the cutaneous manifestations remains elusive." Aim Our aim was to find out the prevalence of different dermatological manifestations accompaning HCV infection in Egyptian patients. Also, to highlight the impact of DAAs on such manifestations and any potential...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 15:09
Abstract Keloid often recur after treatment, and recent studies in keloid management favor the combination therapy of laser‐assisted drug delivery over monotherapy. Unfortunately, the previous researches lack long‐term follow‐up. In this prospective study, 41 individuals with refractory keloids underwent 8 treatment sessions at 4 weeks intervals consisting of ultrapulse fractional carbon dioxide laser (UFCL), followed by postoperative application topical triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/mL). Four...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 17:02
Abstract Background Pre‐injection aspiration of hyaluronic acid filler is a well‐recognized yet controversial safety technique. Many consider aspiration to be an important safety measure to prevent inadvertent intravascular filler injection. Objective To assess factors influencing pre‐injection aspiration by understanding the relationship between aspiration time and a range of product, needle, and procedural characteristics. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 18:40
Abstract Background Morphea is an inflammatory connective tissue disorder, which is characterised by sclerosis in skin and subcutaneous tissues with a chronic progress. The oxidative stress in pathogenesis of sclerosing diseases was proposed in several studies with conflicting results. Objective To explore the tissue expressions of Glutathione S transferase (GST) isoenzymes in patients with morphea and compare these expressions with healthy controls. Material‐ Method Twenty‐two morphea...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 18:46
Foreword. In this Journal feature, information about a real patient is presented in stages (boldface type) to an expert clinician, who responds to the information by sharing relevant background and reasoning with the reader (regular type). The authors’ commentary follows. Stage. A 48-year-old man…
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Abstract Eagle's syndrome, defined by Eagle in 1949, is characterised by morphological abnormality/ossification of the styloid process. Traditionally styloid process is approached after tonsillectomy or through an invasive external cervical approach. In the present study we propose a novel Paratonsillar approach for elongated styloid process in eagle's syndrome. The study was retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients who underwent styloid process excision through...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
In pediatric pediatric vocal fold nodule (VFN) patients, different causes have been suggested in the development of the vocal cord nodule, including laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). It is known that the content of consumed foods, obesity, and other dietary behaviors are among the risk factors for the development of reflux. The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary and food consumption habits in pediatric VFN patients.
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
The inclusion of subjective methods for evaluating Voice Disorders is proven an essential factor for diagnosis as these methods include self-reported questionnaires (eg, Voice Handicap Index-VHI) for everyday clinical practice. In turn, by obtaining cut-off scores of self-perceived questionnaires intended for assessment procedures of different voice disorders (eg, patients with neurological problems), the clinicians might be helped toward finding their patients’ needs leading to better monitoring,...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
European wildcats, thought to be extinct 50 years ago in the Jura mountains, have since recolonized part of their former territory. This resurgence in an area occupied by domestic cats has gone hand-in-hand with genetic crosses between the two species. A team of biologists modeled the interactions between the two species and predict that hybridization will entail the irreversible genetic replacement of wildcats.
Wed Sep 30, 2020 16:47
Researchers have revealed our most ancient ancestors were ecologically diverse, despite lacking jaws and paired fins.
Thu Oct 01, 2020 18:36
Abstract The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the influence of airflow via high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) on the duration of laryngeal vestibule closure (dLVC) and Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) scores. Twenty-nine healthy adults participated in a repeated-measures design. Each participant completed a videofluoroscopic swallow study while receiving airflow via HFNC across a control condition of zero flow and conditions of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 L/min....
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: Sagittal synostosis is the commonest form of nonsyndromic isolated craniosynostosis. Calvarial vault remodeling (CVR) and spring-mediated cranioplasty (SMC) are the commonly used correction techniques. Aim of the Work: To study and compare clinical and radiographic outcomes of CVR and SMC in the correction of isolated sagittal suture synostosis. Methods: A prospective cohort with the patients were divided into group; I (SMC) and II (CVR), each 15 patients. They were observed...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
No abstract available
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Resorbable surgical materials are often used in the pediatric population to provide fixation in the growing skeleton. Although foreign body reactions to poly-D-L-lactic acid (PDLLA) plates and screws have been previously reported in other fields, to date PDLLA polymers have been well-tolerated in the setting of craniofacial surgery. The authors report a case of a previously healthy 4-month-old patient with Crouzon syndrome who underwent a frontal-orbital advancement with resorbable PDLLA plates and...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: Polydioxanone (PDS) has been widely used in the medical field over the past 30 years. In the 2000s, PDS plate began to be used for rhinoplasty and septoplasty. However, in Asia PDS plates are not widely used due to lack of awareness and high prices. The authors devised a method of producing a modified PDS (m-PDS; Rhinoblock Material & Design Co., Gyeonggi-do, Sothh Korea) at low cost, and compared the biocompatibilities and degradabilities of plates produced with m-PDS and commercial...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether additive manufactory technology through the use of 3D mandible and skull cast models can provide additional support to the virtual surgical planning for patients affected by unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH). This study describes 2 patients affected by active UCH. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were converted in STL files and then sent to a 3D printer that provided 3D cast models of patient's mandible and skull. Surgical planning was...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Objective: The aim of the present, microcomputed tomographic (μCT) and histological study, was to evaluate the effect of surface modification by atmospheric pressure cold plasma (APCP) on vertical guided bone regeneration in a rabbit calvaria model. Material-Methods: The experimental study was conducted on 12 male New Zealand rabbits with healing periods of 45 and 90 days. Following surgical exposure of the calvarium, 4 customized titanium cylindricalders were fixed. Surface modification...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
In orbital floor fracture, diplopia often persists post-operatively. This study evaluated the association between pre-operative parameters concerning the extent of the injury and post-operative diplopia, using multivariate analysis. A retrospective computed tomography analysis and chart review was performed for patients with punched out orbital floor fracture, who underwent operations during the period from April 2011 to March 2018. Five parameters were evaluated: the number of upward arrows on the...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine changes in the electromyographic activity, thickness, width, and hardness of the masseter muscle from before to after orthognathic surgery. Material and Methods: The study included 15 patients with Class III dentofacial deformities who were treated with combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery. Fifteen individuals with normal occlusion and no signs or symptoms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction were used as controls. All records were...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Intraosseous hemangioma is very rare, accounting for
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Objectives: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is potential side effect of long-term bisphosphonate therapy. Different treatment modalities have been used in this and investigate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on socket healing after tooth extraction in rats given long-term bisphosphonates. Methods: Forty male Wistar-Albino rats were used in this experimental study. About 0.1 mg/kg zoledronic acid was administered intraperitoneally...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: At present, there are a variety of surgical methods for cleft palate repair, the authors first created the zigzag plasty of nasal mucosa musculature. The method is characteristic of better repair effect for anatomy and function of palatopharyngeal compared with the traditional method. Methods: Fifty patients with cleft palate were involved in this study, and treated with 3 different operative methods, respectively: zigzag palatoplasty for the repair of nasal mucosa myometrium (n = 17),...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Our paper aims to investigate the prevalence of frontal sinus aplasia among Jordanian individuals and compare it with values from different populations. Retrospectively, the study was done for 167 of the paranasal sinuses coronal tomography (CT) for patients who attended the clinic from January 2019 to August 2019 in King Abdullah University Hospital Irbid, Jordan. The authors analyzed the multiplanar CT scans to perform our work. The authors excluded the following images from our study: patients...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Introduction: The free fibula flap (FFF) is a preferred option for adult mandibular reconstruction. Due to skeletal immaturity, its routine use in pediatric patients remains in question. Inconsistencies regarding the ability of the FFF to grow in concordance with the patients’ natural growth currently exist in the literature. The purpose of this report is to quantify mandibular growth in a young patient undergoing partial hemi-mandibular reconstruction with a FFF utilizing advanced three-dimensional...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: The aim of this study is to present reliable data by measuring the morphometric properties of the mandible in the fetal period. Methods: A study was performed on mandibles of 35 fetuses (18 male fetuses and 17 female fetuses), aged between 21 and 40 weeks of gestation. Fetuses were examined in 3 groups according to their developmental stages: 2nd trimester, 3rd trimester, and full-term. Morphometric measurements were performed for both the right and left sides of each mandible. The...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Decompressive craniectomy is an increasingly implemented intervention for relief of intracranial hypertension refractory to medical therapy. Despite its therapeutic benefit, a myriad of short and long-term complications may arise when the once fixed-volume cranial vault remains decompressed. The authors present a case of recurrent Syndrome of the Trephined in a patient undergoing repeated craniectomy and cranioplasty. A 70-year old male with history significant for smoking and chronic obstructive...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Forehead augmentation with filler injection is one of the most dangerous procedures associated with iatrogenic intravascular injection resulting in the severe complications. Nonetheless, few studies have determined the explicit arterial localization and topography related to the facial soft tissues and landmarks. Therefore, this study aimed to determine an arterial distribution and topography on the middle forehead region correlated with facial landmarks to grant an appropriate guideline for enhancing...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Localization of metastases into the parotid gland is a very uncommon event. Usually they arise from primary tumors located in the head and neck, mainly melanoma or epidermoid carcinoma of the skin, while other histotypes, from others anatomical districts, hardly have a metastatic spread to the parotid. Myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) is a rare malignant tumor of the soft tissue that mainly occurs in the extremities, representing the second most common subtype of liposarcoma. Although it is typical for liposarcomas...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
In classical textbooks of Anatomy, the mental nerve is considered to be the terminal or main branch of the inferior alveolar nerve, especially trifurcate with no designated names as soon as it emerges from the mental foramen. The textbooks define the innervation area of the mental nerve regionally without naming its terminal branches. Nomina Anatomica designates 3 terminal branches of mental nerve as “labial, gingival, and mental branch” but offers no description about their distribution on the mandible....
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background/Aim: The worldwide population is increasingly aging. Maxillofacial fractures of the geriatric population have been increased. Evaluation of the demographic variables, causes and the patterns of maxillofacial traumas in the elderly population is the main aim of this study. Materials and Methods: Seven hundred thirteen maxillofacial tomography images which were scanned between 2010 and 2019 were evaluated. Data from 50 patients aged 65 years old and/or older, who were treated for...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Objective: This study was aimed to obtain data on the dimensions of the optic foramen in human fetuses for early childhood surgeries. Methods: Twenty-five formalin-fixed fetuses (16 boys and 9 girls) with average age 21.68 ± 3.12 gestational weeks (range, 16–28 weeks) in the inventory of Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine were included in the study. The surface area, width, and height of the optic foramen were bilaterally measured using a digital image analysis software. Results: ...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Adenoid cystic carcinoma is the most common type of malignancy seen in the lacrimal glands and is generally characterized by invasive malignant appearance with irregular margins and associated bone erosion or destruction. The authors report an unusual patient with a large expansile, well-circumscribed lacrimal adenoid cystic carcinoma with adjacent bone remodeling, radiologically mimicking a benign lesion.
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Knowledge of the morphometry and types of pterygomaxillary junction (PMJ) during Le-Fort I osteotomy is an important consideration in the reduction of intraoperative complications. The PMJ is known to display population variations and with the recent increase in these surgical interventions in Kenya, a detailed description of the PMJ is warranted. Computed tomography scan images of PMJ obtained from 63 patients were analyzed at the level of the posterior nasal spine to assess types and the morphometry...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) and microvascular decompression (MVD) in the treatment of elderly patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Methods: A total of 30 patients who underwent PBC surgery (PBC group) and 30 patients who received MVD surgery (MVD group) were included. The treatment efficacy, Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) pain intensity score, inflammatory response, the rates of complication and recurrence...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Knowledge of variant course and branching pattern of the facial artery gains importance in the surgeries of upper neck and face. The authors report a unilateral anomalous course and a redundant loop of right facial artery as seen in an adult male cadaver. The right facial artery had its origin from the external carotid artery. It pierced through the submandibular salivary gland and formed a redundant loop at the base of the mandible. Its further course and branching pattern was normal. This case...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
The authors retrospectively examined 39 patients with head and neck reconstruction using a free-flap transfer with microsurgery in elderly patients aged over 80 years in our hospital. They investigated postoperative local complications, postoperative systemic complications, day of ambulation, the presence of delirium, the postoperative oral intake ratio, and the reconstructive method in mandibular reconstruction patients. There were 12 postoperative local complications. And postoperative systemic...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Primary intraosseous meningiomas (PIMs) are an infrequent variant of meningiomas characterized by hyperostosis and brain compression. En bloc surgical resection of giant PIMs involving critical structures such as venous sinuses or cranial nerves could be associated with significant morbidity. The objective of this report is to demonstrate the safety and feasibility of piecemeal resection of PIMs involving the superior sagittal sinus and frontal sinus. A 54-year-old female with a large 5 cm thick...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of the suprafascially elevated anterolateral thigh (ALT) perforator flap for reconstructing oral and maxillofacial defects. Patients and Methods: The authors analyzed a retrospective case series of 15 patients who underwent reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial defects with the suprafascially raised ALT perforator flap from June 2015 through January 2017 at the Second Xiangya Hospital. The flap harvest and the...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: Traditional parotid surgery leaves visible submaxillary cicatrices, unaesthetic results from incisions, and a high incidence of postoperative complications. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of newly designed incisions for the removal of benign parotid lesions. Methods: The authors randomly assigned patients (n = 48) with benign parotid lesions admitted to our department from November 2016 to April 2019. In the study group, an aesthetic incision was designed through...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
The most common malignant tumor in humans is skin cancers. Skin cancers are most commonly seen in the head and neck region due to direct exposure to sunlight. Most frequently seen skin cancer in the auricula are basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of postauricular island flap after resection of tumors in the auricula. Twelve patients aged 58 to 84 years were included in the study. Eight patients had BCC, 3 had SCC, and 1...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: To introduce an easy and effective approach for internal fixation of repositioned fat pedicles in transconjunctival lower eyelid blepharoplasty. Methods: Thirty-six consecutive patients underwent fat repositioning transconjunctival lower blepharoplasty from August 2016 to January 2018. After release of the orbicularis oculi muscle and exposure of the intraorbital fat pedicles, a supraperiosteal pocket was dissected. A 6-0 nylon suture was passed through the shaft of a hypodermic...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare and locally aggressive neoplasm with preponderance for local recurrence but rarely nodal or distant metastasis. A 38-year-old male was referred to our clinic for definitive treatment of known recurrent and concern for multifocal MAC from previous biopsy. The patient was treated with modified Mohs and reconstruction with an anterolateral thigh (ALT) free flap for tissue coverage. This case highlights the rare nature of multifocal MAC, treatment challenges...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Introduction: Currently, the most effective treatment strategy for adults with hydrocephalus involves cerebrospinal fluid diversion by means of a shunt system, most commonly ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPS). Ventriculoperitoneal shunting is associated with high complication and/or revision rates, in part due to the high-profile programmable valve designs. Thus, the valve-agnostic cranial implant (VACI) was designed and investigated as a safe and effective method of reducing the valve's high profile...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: Patients undergoing cranial expansion including spring-mediated cranioplasty (SMC) and cranial vault remodeling (CVR) receive costly and high acuity post-operative intensive care (ICU) given concerns over neurologic and hemodynamic vulnerability. The authors analyzed perioperative and post-operative events for patients presenting with sagittal craniosynostosis (CS) undergoing SMC and CVR in order to compare complication profiles. Methods: The authors performed a single center...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
The use of cutaneous flaps for oral cavity reconstruction is common. However, physiologic reconstruction is not possible because of the presence of hair, and the thickness of cutaneous flaps causes difficulty when performing alveolar ridge augmentation. The authors found few published studies regarding the usefullness of oral reconstruction with free muscle flaps and no studies of histologic examination of reconstructed mucosa. Therefore, they performed a primary reconstruction of oral cavity defects...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: Craniosynostosis treatment modalities have changed over time. These have included open calvarial remodeling, suturectomy with helmet molding, hand-powered distraction devices, and spring-mediated distraction. Implantable springs were first described for their use in treatment of craniosynostosis in 1998 (Lauritzen et al, Plast Reconstr Surg 121;2008:545-554). They have been used for the correction of craniosynostosis involving single and multiple sutures and have been placed through...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: To investigate whether impaired lacrimal pump function is a possible cause of discharge in patients wearing an artificial eye compared with the remaining healthy eye. Methods: Consecutive patients wearing unilateral ocular prosthesis for ≥6 months were included in this retrospective study. Excluded were any deformities of eyelids or nasal passage, socket complications such as entropion, ectropion, ptosis, infection, pyogenic granuloma, contracted socket, obstruction of nasolacrimal...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Objective: The aim of this paper is to discuss ways to incorporate spring-assisted cranioplasty into the surgical armamentarium for craniosynostosis. Background: Spring-assisted cranioplasty after cranial suturectomy for craniosynostosis was popularized in the literature by Dr Lauritzen in 2008 after reporting the results of the first 100 cases.1 Since that time, more craniofacial surgeons and neurological surgeons have incorporated this surgical technique for treatment of patients presenting...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
The aim of this study was to systematically review the effects of lidocaine mixed with epinephrine and bicarbonate in plastic surgery in terms of onset, duration, and the pain score. In PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, the terms “epinephrine” AND “lidocaine” AND “plastic surgery” were searched, resulting in 210 titles. Among them, 25 full papers were reviewed, 11 were excluded, and 5 mined papers were added. Therefore, 19 papers were analyzed. The mean time for the onset...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Spring-assisted cranioplasty (SAC) is a minimally invasive technique for treating sagittal synostosis in young infants. Yet, follow-up data on cranial growth in patients who have undergone SAC are lacking. This project aimed to understand how the cranial shape develops during the postoperative period, from spring insertion to removal. 3D head scans of 30 consecutive infants undergoing SAC for sagittal synostosis were acquired using a handheld scanner pre-operatively, immediately postoperatively,...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of hilotherapy on postoperative pain, swelling, neurosensory impairment and patient satisfaction. The authors analyzed RCTs comparing the use of hilotherapy versus conventional cryotherapy or no cold treatment for orthognathic surgery and repair of facial trauma. The authors assessed the risk of bias and strength of evidence according to the Cochrane guidelines...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Spring-assisted surgery for the correction of scaphocephaly has gained popularity over the past 2 decades. Our unit utilizes standardized torsional springs with a central helix for spring-assisted surgery. This design allows a high degree of accuracy and reproducibility of the force vectors and force distance curves. In this manuscript, we expand on the biomechanical testing and properties of these springs. Standardization of design has enabled us to study the springs on bench and in vivo and a comprehensive...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Nasal cracking is the habit of applying pressure to one's nose until hearing a popping noise or feeling a release of pressure. Clinicians are mostly unaware of it as it is a lesser known habit that has been popularized on social media. Most often it is harmless, however sometimes it can lead to adverse consequences such as pain, bruising, bleeding, and/or breathing problems. In this case study, a patient is evaluated and treated for nasal cracking that led to a septal hematoma.
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Objective: This study aimed to comparatively analyze the indications, treatment outcomes, and reliability levels of the intraductal pneumatic lithotripsy (IPL) and holmium laser-assisted lithotripsy (HLL) methods that are used to sialendoscopically separate stones into smaller pieces in submandibular gland sialolithiasis (SMGS) patients. To the best of the author's knowledge, there is no study that compared these 2 methods in the literature in English. Methods: The retrospectively designed...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
No abstract available
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: A large number of researches related to auricle development have been conducted in different countries, but there were few similar studies in China, especially in Chinese children. This study was designed to investigate the auricular development by measuring normal age- and sex-related dimensions of auricles in Chinese children. Methods: A total of 900 participants were evaluated according to their age and gender. From the landmarks, the dimensions of the and tragus including...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Objective: To investigate the comparative efficacy of electro-acupuncture when added to standard therapy in patients with Bell palsy in terms of clinical and neurophysiologic outcomes. Methods: A total of 88 patients with Bell palsy who received standard treatment (ST group; n = 40, mean ± standard deviation age: 39.2 ± 6.6 years, 60.0% were males) or standard treatment plus electro-acupuncture (ST-EA group; n = 48, mean ± standard deviation age: 39.5 ± 6.9 years, 58.3% were males) were included....
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
No abstract available
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Introduction: The aging process is inevitable in life, and the social demand for rejuvenation increases by year. The face acquires both soft tissue and skeletal changes through aging, and correcting only one side has limits in natural rejuvenation. Thus, the authors combined multiplane facelift with whole-facial bone contouring for maximal results. Methods: From March 2017 to February 2019, a total of 22 patients received multiplane facelift following facial bone contouring in our institute....
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
The reconstruction of the orbit has been carried out throughout history using different techniques. However, the persistence of high rates of complications mainly associated with the position of the eyeball and the migration of reconstruction implants have generated the need and importance of continuing to study new techniques, including with the help of technology. Virtual planning combined with endoscopic access and 3D models could decrease the number of complications associated with the aforementioned...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
In our previous anatomic study, the authors could pull the platysma effectively in the medial direction, lateral direction, or both the medial and lateral directions. In this paper, the authors analyzed the results of our series of modified medial and lateral platysmaplasties, in which the technique was based on Hamra's platysmaplasty, modified in light of Feldman's corset platysmaplasty and Mendelson's concepts. In medial platysmaplasty, subcutaneous dissection was performed from the mandibular...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Linear skull fractures are relatively common in children, however, it is rarer to see depressed fractures. This report details the case of a 7-year-old boy who was admitted to the emergency department with complete blindness after having experienced an in-car traffic accident. Brain tomography of the patient showed that a large, island-shaped piece of occipital bone was depressed on the visual cortex and superior sagittal sinus in the midline. Presentation of complete loss of vision after an isolated...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Many endoscopic surgeons have showed various techniques on septal window using endoscopic tools. However, each technique has its own merits and faults. In this study, the authors introduce simple and time saving endoscopic window technique by avoiding intranasal suture resulting from simple incision line. The procedure to make septal window is to improve an angled endoscopic view for beyond lateral wall of maxillary sinus with septum preservation. To date, this approach has shown no major or concerning...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Chondroma in the area of the spheno-ethmoidal junction is very rare. A 29-year-old male patient with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps was arranged for a preoperative computed tomography scan, and a lesion was accidentally found in his spheno-ethmoidal junction and involved the skull base. Combined with MRI, the lesion was misdiagnosed as fungal sinusitis. However, no fungal lesions were found during the operation, and cartilage tissue was confirmed only after some bone was ground away under...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Aim: The prominent ear is the most common congenital deformity of the external ear. Otoplasty is performed to correct the appearance of the prominent ear. This study was planned to compare the analgesic and anesthetic effects of local nerve blockade and local infiltration anesthesia in the otoplasties. Method: Thirty-two patients who underwent otoplasty in both ears between February 2018 and March 2019 were included in the study. Three patients were excluded because they refused regional...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is rarely required in infants, but when performed several aspects should be considered: These youngest patients are vulnerable to blood loss and cranial reconstruction can be challenging due to skull growth and bone flap resorption. On the other hand, infants have thin and flexible bone and osteogenic potential. The authors propose a technique which makes use of these unique aspects by achieving decompression with the craniofacial method of barrel stave osteotomy, aiming...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: Mandible angle fractures can result in significant, long-term morbidity in children. However, management of this particular mandibular fracture type is not well-characterized in the pediatric population. This study investigated isolated mandibular angle fractures in the pediatric patients. Methods: This was a 30-year retrospective, longitudinal cohort study of pediatric patients presenting to a single institution with mandibular angle fractures. Patient data were abstracted from...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Dermoid cysts (DCs) can occur anywhere in the body. However, DCs on neck or head are not common, which account for about 7% among all kinds of DCs and mostly occur in superficial areas. These cysts are hardly seen in the parotid gland. It is challenging to make accurate diagnosis before surgery because of its rarity and the ambiguous findings on radiology images. Based on a short review of the literature on DCs in the parotid gland, we discussed their clinical features and histopathological and radiological...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: The number of adults with master's, professional, and doctoral degrees has doubled since 2000. The relevance of advanced degrees in plastic surgery has not been explored. Methods: Faculty, residents, and recent alumni with advanced degrees from the United States plastic surgery training programs were identified. Degrees were analyzed based on geography, program/hospital rankings, department versus division status, gender, leadership/editorial roles, private versus academic practice,...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
The lateral arm flap is an alternative to the conventional radial forearm flap and has been widely used due to advancements in flap characteristics. Especially, the fasciocutaneous flap has been widely used in head and neck reconstruction due to its versatile characteristics and surgical feasibility. This flap has successfully undergone several useful modifications based on various anatomical studies. Here, the authors aimed to verify the versatility and reliability of free lateral arm flap reconstruction...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
To build a biomechanical numerical model of the nasopharynx, construct an accurate computerized numerical description of its specific anatomical structures, analyze the distribution of air flow field, starting with the anatomical structure of the pharyngeal recess, correlate its anatomical characteristics with the occurrence and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma from the perspective of biomechanics. In this study, the nasal and nasopharyngeal cavities of healthy male adult, with the pharyngeal...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
The aim of this study was to determine the boundary between the periorbital and perioral regions based on a literature review. PubMed was searched for the terms (zone [OR] area [OR] region) [AND] (face-lift [OR] rhytidectomy), and 872 abstracts were found. Additionally, the terms (levator labii superioris [AND] orbicularis oculi) resulted in 20 abstracts. The author separately searched for (Lightoller) because searching PubMed for terms in abstracts does not yield results for older papers that...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Inadequate temporal muscle (TM) reconstruction after surgery may hesitate in potentially severe functional and aesthetic sequelae, making it of paramount importance to carefully consider TM reconstruction even in case of small deformities. The authors describe the combined temporal muscle augmentation technique (CTMA), an innovative technique for TM augmentation for muscle reconstruction in case of small to medium substance loss. A cadaver study was conducted as preclinical validation of the...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: Parapharyngeal area is one of the most complex areas of head and neck anatomy. Tumors of the parapharyngeal region are very rare among head and neck tumors. Lipomas also constitute a tiny proportion of parapharyngeal tumors so parapharyngeal area lipomas are very rare in the literature. Due to anatomical location, these tumors treatment is challenging. Clinical Report: A 20-year-old male patient admitted to our department with complaints of swallowing difficulty and a mass on...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Mandibular reconstruction using computer-aided design and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques has received recent attention. This technique has theoretical advantages, although this approach can be commercially used in the limited area of the world. The aim is to describe our experience using in-house CAD/CAM guides and the situations in which CAD/CAM may present benefit in the region where commercial guides are unavailable. The authors developed our In-house CAD/CAM approach...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: Controversy exists regarding the optimal surgical approach for non-syndromic sagittal synostosis. This study provides the first comparative analysis of the long-term behavioral, psychological, and executive function outcomes for patients who underwent either cranial vault remodeling (CVR) or spring-assisted strip craniectomy (SAS). Methods: Thirty-six CVR patients and 39 SAS patients were evaluated. Parents and caregivers completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Despite improved surgical techniques in palatoplasty a number of patients will present post-operatively with incomplete velopharyngeal closure due to several reasons including inherent shortness of the palate or midline scar contracture. This incomplete closure of the velopharynx during speech, known as velopharyngeal incompetence (VPI) causes hypernasality and nasal turbulence during speech. Treatment options in severe cases include revisions, pharyngeal flaps, and pharyngoplasties while in mild...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Spring-assisted surgery (SAS) has been shown to be an effective technique for correction of isolated sagittal craniosynostosis in patients less than 6 months of age. At their institution, the authors adopted a minimally invasive technique in 2010, using a shorter incision and an endoscope. A retrospective chart review of 101 patients with isolated, nonsyndromic, sagittal craniosynostosis, who underwent SAS, was performed in order to compare perioperative and clinical outcomes of the open (n = 51)...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: The purpose of this study was to review the different types of maxillary fractures and highlight their diagnostic and therapeutic differences. Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients who sustained maxillary fractures was conducted through the Einstein Healthcare Network during the years 2016–2017. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used to categorize continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Results: The cohort of patients (n = 141) were...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Spring-assisted surgery has been a part of the craniofacial surgeon's armamentarium for more than 2 decades now. The development and implementation of this technique will be reviewed as well as the evolution of spring surgery at Wake Forest University.
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Objective: Early treatment of fractures of the cranio-maxillofacial complex (CMFC) is challenging and likely to result in craniofacial deformity. Multidisciplinary team (MDT) care has developed very rapidly and has recently been accepted in cancer treatment. Therefore, the authors explored the application of MDT care with digital technology in CMFC fractures. Study Design: A 29-year-old man presented for treatment of CMFC fractures and bone defects. An MDT of oral surgeons, ophthalmic surgeons,...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
No abstract available
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: Motor vehicle collisions (MVC) are a leading cause of unintentional death and injury in the US pediatric population. Compliance with prevention measures such as seatbelts and child safety seats varies considerably with patient demographics. In this study, the authors examine facial fracture secondary to MVC in an urban pediatric population. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of all facial fractures as a result of MVC in the pediatric population in a level 1 trauma...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: Nasal septal perforation (NSP) consists of defects of mucosa, cartilage, and bone. Nasal septal surgery is by far the most common cause of NSP. Many surgical approaches have been described for NSP repair. In this study, the authors describe a novel technique for repairing all sizes of NSP using an only fascia lata graft. Methods: The authors implemented a retrospective study design. Seventeen patients who underwent NSP repair between January 2016 and January 2019 were included to...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: In craniosynostosis patients under 3 months of age, suturectomy is a valuable early treatment improving their outcomes. However, conventional suturectomy might not be in severe patients. The efficacy of our developed suturectomy using absorbable plates was examined. Methods: Our method was indicated for craniosynostosis patients under 3 months old who had severe intracranial hypertension, scaphocephaly, plagiocephaly, or trigonocephaly between September 2011 and March 2018. All...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Introduction: While the use of virtual surgical planning (VSP) has been well described in the adult craniofacial literature, there has been little written about pediatric uses or trends. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the evolving utilization of VSP for pediatric craniofacial procedures. Methods: The authors’ prospective institutional review board-approved craniofacial registry was queried for index craniofacial procedures from January 2011 through December 2018. Data was collected...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: Large nose defect reconstructions involving the tip and alar subunits are still difficult to achieve in one stage. This study aimed to investigate the size of the nasal tip and alae, observe the distribution patterns of the lateral nasal artery and present our clinical experience with the lateral nasal artery pedicle nasolabial (LNAPN) flap. Methods: From June 2019 to January 2020, lower nose parameters from 60 subjects were measured by a 3-dimensional scan, and the cranial digital...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Objectives: Microvascular reconstruction of composite scalp and skull defects requires careful planning of both cranial bone and soft-tissue coverage. The current body of literature has yet to identify a “best practice” approach to achieve these goals. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed. Patients with composite defects who underwent combined microvascular surgery of the scalp and skull were included over a 6-year period. Reconstructions were classified by: microvascular flap,...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: Intracranial solitary fibrous tumors/hemangiopericytomas (ISFTs/HPCs) are extremely rare spindle-cell tumors that are mostly benign and derived from mesenchymal tissue. Extracranial metastasis and intratumoral hemorrhage are considered to be special manifestations of malignant tumors, of which extracranial metastases of ISFTs/HPCs have been reported, while tumor hemorrhage has rarely been described. Here, the authors present an interesting case of ISFTs/HPCs with acute intratumoral...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Background: The cost-effectiveness, utility outcomes, and most optimal timing of mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) in craniofacial microsomia (CFM) continue to be a topic of debate, especially in the population of patients with mild or nonsignificant functional issues. The objective of this study was to quantitatively assess the burden of mandibular asymmetry in CFM, and to accurately evaluate the impact of early MDO on patients’ perceived quality of life and social acceptance, in addition...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Dermoid cyst is a rare benign tumor and about 7% of occurrences are found in the head and neck region. Its location is almost always in the midline of the body such as the orbit, oral cavity, and nose, but it is rarer in and around the auricle. The authors present a 31-year-old woman with dermoid cyst in the postauricular area which is a rare site for this lesion. In surgery under local anesthesia, the mass was limited to the subcutaneous area and excised completely. Surgical excision should be considered...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
In patients with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS), understanding the mechanism of airway obstruction and the potential for concurrent airway lesions is important for determining appropriate intervention. When concomitant airway anomalies are present with PRS, mandibular distraction osteogenesis alone is often contraindicated and unsuccessful at alleviating the obstruction, mandating the need for tracheostomy. Herein, the authors present the second-reported case of PRS with concomitant complete tracheal...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
Spring-mediated cranial vault expansion (SMC) has become a primary treatment modality at our institution to correct scaphocephalic head shape in the setting of isolated sagittal craniosynostosis (CS). Spring-mediated cranioplasty is associated with minimal procedural morbidity and reliable clinical efficacy, although long-term outcomes are not well elucidated. Herein we describe our institutional experience and lessons learned with SMC. We hypothesize that SMC performed in young infants offers durable...
Thu Oct 01, 2020 03:00
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